Book1Unit 2English around the world提高班讲义（含答案）
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年级：高一年级 科目：英语 类型：同步
知识点：基础词汇
Ⅰ.核心单词
1．________(adj.)官方的；正式的，公务的；(n.)官员
2．________(adj.)本国的；本地的；(n.)本地人；本国人
3．________(n.& vt.)命令；指令；掌握 4．________(n.& vt.)请求；要求
5．________(vt.)以……为根据；(n.)基部；基地；基础→________(adj.)基本的；基础的
6．________(adj.)逐渐的；逐步的→________(adv.)逐渐地；逐步地
7．________(adj.)较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的→________(adj.)最新的；最近的→________
(adv.)后来；(adj.)后期的→________(adv.)近来；最近
8．________(n.)本身；本体；身份→________(vt.)认出；鉴定
9．________(adj.)流利的；流畅的→________(adv.)流利地；流畅地→________(n.)流利，流畅
10．________(adj.)频繁的；常见的→________(adv.)常常；频繁地
11．________(n.)词语；表示，表达→________(vt.)表达
12．________(vt.)辨认出，承认；公认→________(n.)认出；认识
——词不离句，句不离段
Actually，each language has its own spelling，usage and expression.We can recognize a native or an official gradually by his or her accent.We all know fluent speaking requires frequent practice.
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．超过；非常，不只是，不仅是 _____________ 2．走近；上来；提出_________________
3．以……为基础________________ 4．信不信由你_______________________
5．扮演一个角色；参与______________________ 6．because of ________________________
7．the number of __________________ 8．at present _________________________
9．make use of ____________________ 10．such as __________________________
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．混合疑问句：特殊疑问词＋do you think/believe/imagine/guess...＋其他“你认为/相信/想……”
Which country______________________(你认为)has the most English learners?
2．even if引导的让步状语从句“即使……”
Native English speakers can understand each other____________________
(即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同)．
3．more...than...与其……不如……
It______________________(更多地是以德语为基础)the English we speak at present.
4．no such＋单数可数名词“没有这样的……”
Believe it or not，there is____________________(没有像标准英语这样的东西)．
[词 汇 精 解]
1 base vt.以……为根据；n.基部；基地；基础
(1)base...on...根据……；以……为基础 (sth)be based on...以……为基础
(2)basis n．基础，基本原则 on the basis of根据，在……的基础上，基于
(3)basic adj.基本的；基础的
①Based on a novel by Liu Zhenyun，Back to 1942 tells the true story of Henan Province.
《一九四二》是根据刘震云的小说改编而成的，它讲述了发生在河南省的真实故事。
②The government provides them with not only food and shelter，but also the basic skills for their living.
政府不仅为他们提供食物和住处，还为他们提供基本的谋生技能。
③The researcher's conclusion________________a study of the African elephant's DNA.
调查者的结论是以研究非洲大象的DNA为基础的。
④They found the plane ________________the mountain.他们在山脚下发现了这架飞机。
2 command n．[C]命令；指令[U]掌握，控制
vt.命令，指挥；支配
(教材原句)Can you find the following command and request from Reading?
你能从阅读材料中找到下面的命令和请求吗？
(1)at one's command听从某人的支配 under one's command由……指挥；由某人统帅
take command of控制；担任……的指挥
(be)in command of指挥；控制 have a good command of很好地掌握；精通
(2)command sb to do sth命令某人做某事 command that...(should)do...命令……做……
①She didn't have a good command of spoken English. 她的英语口语很不熟练。
②Only when you ________________vocabulary，will reading no longer be your obstacle.只有掌握充足的词汇，阅读才不会成为你的拦路虎。
③The boss commanded him____________some important work，but Henry forgot his command.
老板吩咐他完成一些重要的工作，而亨利忘了他下的命令。
④He commanded that roads ____________ to link castles across the land.
他下令修建连接各地城堡的道路。
3 request n. & vt.请求；要求
(教材原句)Can you find the following command and request from Reading?
你能从阅读材料中找到下面的命令和请求吗？
(1)make a request for请求；要求 at one's request＝at the request of sb 应某人的要求
in great requess为大众所喜爱，需求量很大
(2)request sth from/of sb向某人请求某物
request sb to do sth请求/要求某人做某事 request that...(should)do...请求/要求……做某事
(3)It is requested that...(should)do...要求……
①So I carried on and found the bus stop，which was a request stop，where the bus wouldn't stop unless passengers wanted to get on or off.因此我继续走下去发现了这个招手即停的汽车站，在这儿除非有乘客要上车或者下车，否则车是不会停的。
②She is such a good dancer that she is____________.她是一个非常好的舞蹈家，到处都请她跳舞。
③It is requested that our head teacher ____________ at tomorrow's meeting.
我们班主任被要求在明天的会议上演讲。
④I made a request that the students____________ the exam.我要求学生对考试做好充分的准备。
4 recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认
(教材原句)Although many Americans move a lot，they still recognize and understand each other's dialects.虽然许多美国人经常搬迁，但是他们仍然能够辨别并理解彼此的方言。
(1)recognize...as/to be... 认出……是…… recognize...by... 通过……认出……
recognize...from... 从……认出……
(2)beyond/out of recognition 完全改变了模样，面目全非
receive much recognition 大受赏识，大受注意
①He ________ the man ________ one of the police officers.他认出那个人是其中的一名警官。
②Julia ________________ Jill when they met.相遇时朱莉娅几乎没认出吉尔来。
5 more than (＝over多于；超过＝not only 不仅，不止)
(教材原句)Do you know that there is more than one kind of English？英语不止一种，你知道吗？
more A than B与其说(是)B不如说(是)A not more than 不多于
more than one＋名词 不止一个……(作主语时谓语动词用单数)
no more than仅仅，只是；和……一样不 more and more 越来越……
more or less＝almost 差不多；几乎 the more...，the more... 越……，越……
no more 再也不
①They are more than schoolmates；they are close friends.他们不止是同学，还是知心朋友。
②It's no more than a misunderstanding. 这只是个误会。
③He is more hardworking than bright. 与其说他聪明，不如说他勤奋。
④It's ________________a mile from the station to the shop.这个车站离商店不过一英里。
⑤I like football ________________ swimming. 我喜爱足球胜过游泳。
⑥I'm afraid I've eaten ________________. 我恐怕吃得过多了。
6 because of因为(后跟名词，代词及名词性从句)
(教材原句)Later in the next century，people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that，English began to be spoken in many other countries.
在下一个世纪晚期，来自英国的人们长途跋涉去征服世界的其他地方，也是由于这一点，英语在许多国家得到使用。
表示“由于，因为”的短语
due to 作表语或状语 owing to 作表语或状语
as a result of 作状语 on account of 作状语
for the reason of 作状语 thanks to (幸亏)作表语或状语
词语辨析 because，because of
because | 连词，引导原因状语从句或表语从句。 |
because of | 介词短语，后面接名词、代词、名词性短语或what从句。 |
【一句辨异】
He is absent today，because he is ill.＝He is absent today，because of his illness.
他今天缺席，因为他病了。
①The boy was always late ________ it took so long to get dressed. 这个男孩因花太长时间穿衣服而总是迟到。
②Changes in the climate are________ pollution of the atmosphere. 由于对大气层的污染而造成了气候变化。
③________you，I was saved from drowning. 幸亏你，我才没有被淹死。
7 come up出现，发生；走近，升起，提出
(教材原句)I'd like to come up to your apartment. 我愿意来你的公寓。
come about 发生，产生 come across/come upon 偶遇，碰到
come to 苏醒；总数为，结果是；涉及，谈到 come out 出版，出现，显露；发表；结果是
come up with 提出，想出 come down (价格、温度、比率等)下降，降低
【助记】
come up面面观
观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义
①An old lady came up to me and asked for directions.
②A good solution to the problem came up at the meeting.
③When the moon came up，the young people began their celebration.
④Plants come up again every spring.
⑤I'll let him know if anything comes up.
【点津】 (1)come up“被提出”，其主语是被提出的内容，主动表示被动；(2)come up with“提出”，其主语是提出某项内容的人，后面的宾语是被提出的内容。
They came up with the plan at the meeting yesterday.
他们在昨天的会议上提出了这个计划。
[句 式 诠 释]
1 even if引导让步状语从句，相当于even though，意为“即使，尽管”。
(教材原句)Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相理解。
①Even if you take a taxi，you will still miss the train.
即使你乘出租车也赶不上这班火车了。
②Even though we could afford it，we wouldn't go abroad for our vacation.
即使我们付得起这笔钱，我们也不出国度假。
词语辨析
if | 引导状语从句，意为“如果” |
as if/though | 引导状语或表语从句，意为“好像”。例如：It seemed as if the meeting would never end. |
if only | 引导虚拟语气，意为“要是……多好啊！”。例如：If only I worked in Tiangong－1！ |
only if | 引导状语从句，放于句首，主句用部分倒装。例如：Only if you put your heart into your study can you get improved. |
③ ________________ ，I would try again. 即使我这次失败了，我还要再试试。
④ ________________，they would go for an outing.即使明天下雨，他们也要去出游。
2 such ＋n.＋as
(教材原句)Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.
信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
such与all，no，some，any，few，many，much，several等不定代词连用时，应置于这些词的后面，其后面的名词是单数可数名词时，名词前不加冠词。
①In the men's 110m hurdles final，America's Merritt won the gold medal，but Liu Xiang had no such luck.
在110米跨栏决赛中来自美国的梅里特夺得金牌，刘翔却没有这样的运气。
②We can find ________ tour guide in our city.在我们这座城市我们找不到这样的导游。
③________but Peter can perform so perfectly.除了彼得没有这样的人能表演得如此完美。
【参考答案】
Ⅰ.核心单词
- official 2.native 3.command 4.request 5．base；basic 6.gradual；gradually
- 7.latter；latest；later；lately 8.identity；identify 9.fluent；fluently；fluency
10．frequent；frequently 11.expression；express 12.recognize；recognition
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.more than 2.come up 3.be based on 4.believe it or not 5.play a part(in)
6.因为；由于 7.……的数量 8.现在；目前 9.利用；使用 10.例如……；像这种的
Ⅲ.经典句式
1.do you think 2．even if they don't speak the same kind of English
3．was based more on German than 4．no such thing as standard English
[词 汇 精 解]
1 ③was based on ④at the base of 2 ②have a good command of ③to finish
④(should) be built 3 ②in great request ③(should) give a speech
④(should) be well prepared for 4 ①recognized；as ②hardly recognized
5 ④no more than ⑤more than ⑥more than enough 6 ①because ②due to ③Thanks to
7 ①走近 ②被提出 ③升起 ④长出，发芽 ⑤发生
[句 式 诠 释]
1 ③Even if/though I failed this time ④Even if/though it should rain tomorrow
2 ②no such ③No such person
精练
年级：高一年级 科目：英语 类型：同步
知识点：词汇应用 难度 基础
总题量：3 预估总时间:30 min
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．This tree looks tall and strong but________(actual)its trunk is hollow.
2．________(gradual) the farmland turned into desert.
3．She received several ________ (office)letters this morning.
4．Even though he did wrong to them，they still ________(recognize)him as their friend.
5．He was a natural leader，and when he ________(command)，everyone obeyed.
II.单项填空
1．Today，________rapid development of transportation and communication， the whole world seems to be smaller.
A．regardless of B．in spite of C．instead of D．because of
2．With our knowledge ________practice，we can make great contributions to our country.
A．based on B．basing on C．base on D．to base on
3．Oprah(奥普拉)，the queen of American daytime talk TV，is________as one of the most powerful women in the world.
A．raised B．recognized C．requested D．recommended
4．A competent speaker of a language must have a(an) ________of these different styles.
A．comment B．observation C．command D．response
5．He is so busy.He cannot afford enough time with his son ________he wants to.
A．even if B．as if C．because D．before
6．It has been said that Mona Lisa's smile was so pleasing that it seemed holy________human.
A．rather than B．other than C．or rather D．more than
7．—Have you seen a red pen on the desk? —Sorry.There is________pen here.
A．not such B．such no C．no such a D．no such
8．You type almost anything，however unclear，into the space provided on Google and in a second it________with thousands of references.
A．catches up B．comes up C．ends up D．puts up
9．It took her a long time to________the skills she needed to become a famous player.
A．acquire B．inquire C．require D．request
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．______________(由于恶劣天气)，he had to stay at home a whole day.
2．______________ (已有几件类似的事故发生) in the United States in recent months.
3．He is______________；he is also a professor.他不仅仅是一位作家，还是一位教授。
4．Be open－minded to different opinions ____________．
要用开放的心胸接受不同的观点，即使你不喜欢。
5．I am writing to you __________________________find the case back.
我给您写信是想请求您帮我把箱子找回来。
【参考答案】
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.actually 2.Gradually 3.official 4.recognized 5.commanded
Ⅱ.单项填空
1 D [考查短语意义辨析。句意：当今，由于交通和通信的迅速发展，整个世界看起来更小了。regardless of“不论，不管”；in spite of“尽管”；instead of“代替”；because of“因为，由于”。]
2 A [考查非谓语动词。句意：由于我们的知识建立在实践的基础之上，我们能够为国家作出巨大的贡献。knowledge和base on之间是被动关系，故应使用过去分词作宾语补足语。]
3 B [考查动词词义。句意：奥普拉，美国电视脱口秀的王后，被认为是当今世界最有影响力的女士之一。be recognized as...“……被认为是……”。]
4 C [考查名词词义。句意：能够熟练使用某种语言的人必须掌握这几种技巧。have a command of“掌握”，符合句意。]
5 A [考查状语从句。句意：他很忙。即使他想和儿子多待会儿，他也无法抽出足够的时间。A项表示“即使”，引导让步状语从句；B项表示“好像”，引导方式状语从句；C项表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句；D项表示“在……之前，才，就”，引导时间状语从句。]
6 A [考查短语意义。句意：据说蒙娜丽莎的微笑如此迷人以至于它看起来是神而不是人。rather than“而不是”，符合句意。]
7 D [no在此相当于not a/any，单独使用时应放于such之前；A项such后应加a；C项中a应去掉。]
8 B [句意：在谷歌提供的空白处你几乎可以键入任何内容，无论多么不清楚，它会马上出现数千条的参考信息。come up“出现”，与句意相符。catch up“追上，赶上”；end up“结束”；put up“举起”。]
9 A [考查动词词义。句意：要想成为著名的选手她还需要很长的时间来获得必需的技能。acquire“获得”，与句意相符。]
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.Because of the bad weather
2．There have been several/a few such accidents
3．more than a writer 4．even though you don't like them
5．to request you to help me
