2019版高考英语一轮优化探究（话题部分）练习：话题10 必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes(含解析)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

With more sunshine than Portland or Eugene，nature on the doorstep and great craft beer and coffee，Bend may just be the perfect small US city deserving a visit.And the following will offer you an enjoyable experience of staying.

The Oxford Hotel

The 59­room，seven­storey hotel became the tallest building in downtown Bend when opened in 2010.It has smart， large rooms in natural tones，fine dining at its restaurant，regular jazz concerts，and a commitment to using natural products where possible and running on 100% renewable energy.

The McMenamins Old St.Francis School

McMenamins hotels are famed for their conversions  (改建的房屋)，so it's no surprise to find this former Catholic schoolhouse，dating from 1936，is now an affordable hotel，restaurant，music venue and cinema.The classrooms are now 19 guest rooms，each named after former teachers.

My Place Hotel­Bend，OR

In the historic district，this 63­room smoke­free hotel places you within a relaxing walk of Old Mill District and Les Schwab Amphitheater.It welcomes guests with conveniences like free in­room Wi­Fi，laundry facilities，and a 24­hour business center.Limited housekeeping and free parking are also available.

The Mill Inn Bed and Breakfast

Bend has several chain hotels，motels and self­catering suites，but it doesn't have many B&Bs，which makes Mill Inn a delightful discovery.The 10­room，wooden hotel is a 10­minute walk from downtown，and serves healthy and hearty breakfasts of freshly made frittatas，granola，fruit，yoghurt，and fry­ups of local bacon and sausages.

[语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了在Bend旅游时可以选择的四个宾馆。

1．What can we infer about the Oxford Hotel?

A．Its rooms are relatively small.

B．It is environmentally friendly.

C．It is within walking distance of downtown.

D．It is the tallest building in downtown Bend.

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“...and a commitment to using natural products where possible and running on 100% renewable energy”可知，该宾馆尽可能地使用天然产品和可再生能源，因此它是环保的。故选B。

答案：B

2．How is the McMenamins Old St.Francis School special?

A．It provides affordable breakfasts.

B．It is located in a historic district.

C．Its rooms were built in honor of teachers.

D．It has its roots in an ancient school building.

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“McMenamins hotels are famed for their conversions(改建的房屋)，so it's no surprise to find this former Catholic schoolhouse，dating from 1936，is now an affordable hotel，restaurant，music venue and cinema.”可知，该宾馆是由学校改建而成的，故选D。

答案：D

3．In which column of a website are you likely to find this article?

A．Travel.　　　　　 B．Lifestyle.

C．Fashion. D．Culture.

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Bend may just be the perfect small US city deserving a visit.And the following will offer you an enjoyable experience of staying.”和下文对各个宾馆的介绍可知，本文旨在介绍为到Bend旅游时可以选择的四个宾馆的情况，应属于旅游专栏。故选A。

答案：A

B

Working well in a team requires full cooperation.It's an important skill for almost every employee to have.Your ability to do your job is dependent upon others getting your work done，and others depend on you to get their work done.

Communicate well.Lack of communication is one of the biggest reasons of a team's failure.Seek input from team members so they feel like a valuable part of the team.Communication establishes trust among team members.In addition，communicating well can help prevent and resolve conflict.Meet regularly to keep members involved and aware of your work progress.Post decisions where everyone in the team can see them.

Be flexible.In teamwork，priorities and responsibility can change instantly.Stay ready to shift focus.Training team members to be able to do parts of other team member's jobs can be a valuable part of teamwork；being flexible helps to build appreciation for all the parts of the team.

Meet deadlines.Work hard to ensure you meet established deadlines when you work in a team environment.Others are depending on your work.Negotiate timelines with your teammates at the start of a project.Doing so allows you to have a say in how work gets accomplished.

Establish accountability.All team members must be responsible for the success and failure of the project.Although every team doesn't need a leader，teams require a formal way to ensure everybody does his part.Try using meetings to report on progress.

Celebrate accomplishments and encourage the team.Senior executives may not always recognize the importance of some team members' work.Share congratulations at team meetings and talk about whose work is invaluable in helping you get your work done.

[语篇解读]　本文为一篇说明文。作者介绍了如何发挥团队精神高效工作。

4．What can you conclude from the first paragraph?

A．Working in a team means your work is separate.

B．Working in a team means your work is effective.

C．Being a member of a team means your work is independent.

D．Being a member of a team means your work is interdependent.

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段尤其是最后一句可推知：作为团队中的一员意味着你们的工作是相互依赖的，故答案为D项。

答案：D

5．Which of the following deeds does not contribute to effective teamwork?

A．Keeping silent in a team discussion.

B．Being able to do parts of others' job.

C．Acknowledging others' work publicly.

D．Holding meetings to report on progress.

解析：细节理解题。A项与第二段主题Communicate well.相悖，故答案为A项；B项与第三段中“Training team members to be able to do parts of other team member's jobs can be a valuable part of teamwork；”相符，故被排除；C项与最后一段中最后一句相符，故被排除；D项与第五段最后一句相符，故排除D项。

答案：A

6．What does the underlined word“accountability” refer to in the fifth paragraph?

A．Success.　　　　 B．Responsibility.

C．Insurance. D．Community.

解析：词义猜测题。第五段主要讲的是建立问责制，由此可判断accountability意为“责任”，故答案为B项。

答案：B

7．What is the best title of the passage?

A．How to Succeed in Communicating with Others

B．How to Work Effectively in a Team Environment

C．Ways to Work Well in Completing Projects

D．Ways to Improve the Efficiency of Employees

解析：标题归纳题。文章介绍了在团队工作中应注意的五项内容，由此可推知本文最佳题目为：在团队中如何高效工作，故答案为B项。

答案：B

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

What does travel consist of? Answers can be as varied as worrying about your budget，trying new dishes at meals，climbing mountains and riding crowded local buses，etc.But to Mishana Khot，a US travel fanatic (狂热者)，travel  is “more than just a stamp in your passport—it's a stamp in your soul” .On the travel website Vagabondish，Khot listed some ways that you will change after taking a trip.Now，please take a look.

◆Travel shows the big picture.

Khot believes we may lose ourselves in our own lives from time to time.“ Sometimes we can't separate our daily existence from the broader perspective (角度)，”she argues.“　1　 It forces you to see your life from the outside.”

◆　2　

When you are on the way，chances are that you will deal with flight delays, slow buses，bad food, horrible accommodation and much more.As Khot pointed out，if there is one constant in a traveler's life，it is that travel will throw up situations that challenge you.You may have made the most detailed plan，but the next minute something just goes wrong.　3　

◆Travel makes you more grateful.

Whether you travel from a big city to the quiet countryside，or vice versa(反之亦然)，there will come a moment when you are grateful for all you have.“When you meet someone with one leg who is hiking up a hill，you will close your eyes for a second and say ‘thank you’，”she said.

◆　4　

During travel，you'll be forced to communicate with many more people than you used to.　5　 So，just throw away your shyness.That won't guide you to your destination.Go and communicate with people.They're an important part of the experience .

A．Travel makes you more adaptable.

B．Travel makes you more single­minded.

C．Travel helps you overcome your shyness.

D．You may meet something pleasant when you travel.

E．Travel provides a chance to get away from your routine.

F．And sometimes you won't even be able to use your first language.

G．You'll go through anger and disappointment，but hopefully，you'll learn to laugh at it and move on.

[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。爱好旅行的Mishana Khot为我们介绍了旅行的一些重要作用。

1．解析：根据空后的“It forces you to see your life from the outside.”可知，旅行使你从外部来看自己的人生；据此可以判断，空处表示旅行让你摆脱常规，故E项符合语境。

答案：E

2．解析：根据该空位置可知，该句为第三段的主题句，概括第三段大意；通读该段可知，该段主要说明旅行过程中出现的各种情况会让你更加适应生活，故A项符合文意。

答案：A

3．解析：上文介绍了旅行过程中可能遇到的各种挑战，包括航班延误、公交车慢、食物差和住宿条件不好等，据此可以判断，空处顺承上文，说明遇到这些挑战时的心情以及应如何应对，故G项与此处匹配。

答案：G

4．解析：根据该空位置可知，该句为本段的主题句，概括本段大意；通读该段并结合该段第三句“So，just throw away your shyness.”可知，该段主要说明旅行可以让人克服羞怯，故C项正确。

答案：C

5．解析：根据空前一句“During travel，you'll be forced to communicate with many more people than you used to.”可知，在旅行过程中，你将被迫和许多人交流；结合常识可以判断，在交流过程中你有时甚至不能使用母语，据此可知F项符合文意。

答案：F

Ⅲ.语法填空

The Yangtze River，1.             (know)  in China as the Changjiang River，is the longest river in Asia and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country.Flowing from the Tibetan Plateau to the East China Sea，the Yangtze River is a natural division 2.             north and south.Driven by the 3.              (curious) in my heart，I came to China and took part in a cruise (乘船度假) along part of the river last year.

Life on board was relaxed with plenty to occupy the time and mind.We passed Wuhan 4.             in 1966 Chairman Mao，then in his 70s，famously swam across the Yangtze River.Glorious temples rise over industrial ports while，high above the rocks，ancient coffins are hung in caves，without being disturbed for 5.             (century)．We also visited the Three Gorges Dam，6.             symbol of Chinese pride and power.As well as enormous hydroelectric output，7.             (it)  increasing shipping ability benefits Chinese people quite a lot.

As a foreigner，I 8.            (absorb) and charmed by the genuine warmth of welcome and unique culture during the trip.9.            (rare)，if ever, have I enjoyed such a culturally rich and historically interesting trip.Now I am looking forward to 10.             (visit)  China again!

[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者游长江的经历。

1．解析：考查非谓语动词。known in China as the Changjiang River在句中作定语，修饰The Yangtze River。

答案：known

2．解析：考查介词。根据空后的and再结合语境可知应用between。

答案：between

3．解析：考查名词。curious为形容词，由前面的冠词the可知，此处应用名词；driven by the curiosity意为“受好奇心驱使”。

答案：curiosity

4．解析：考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词为Wuhan，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语从句。

答案：where

5．解析：考查名词的数。for表示动作或情况持续的时间长度；for centuries意为“一连好几个世纪”。

答案：centuries

6．解析：考查冠词。symbol为可数名词；a symbol of Chinese pride and power在句中作the Three Gorges Dam的同位语。

答案：a

7．解析：考查代词。it指三峡大坝，此处是说明三峡大坝的运输能力，故用形容词性物主代词its。

答案：its

8．解析：考查动词时态和语态。此处描述当时旅行的情景，故应用一般过去时；由语境可知，作者被吸引住了，故应用被动语态。

答案：was absorbed

9．解析：考查副词。修饰动词需要用副词。

答案：Rarely

10．解析：考查非谓语动词。look forward to中的to为介词，后接动词­ing形式。

答案：visiting