2019版高考英语一轮优化探究（话题部分）练习：话题7 必修2 Unit 5 Music(含解析)

Ⅰ.阅读理解ABeaches，rainforests，samba，soccer...and，most importantly，people: it's hard not to fall for Brazil.In Aug.，CNN released a list of things Brazil does better than anywhere else.The following are four of them.PlayfulnessIt's a key part of the Brazilian personality：a willingness to laugh at themselves and their awkward situations and to welcome others in on the joke. But despite their problems，Brazilians can put them aside and center their awareness completely on the here and now，which is something the rest of the world could learn from.MusicBrazil is a music universe, unrivaled  (无与伦比的)  in diversity of musical styles，instruments and rhythms.The world knows samba，a mix of European marches and African drumming，and bossa nova, a slower samba infused (注入)with French impressionism and American jazz.But Brazil's diverse population moves to the beat of many different drummers.PartyingCelebrating is a priority for Brazilians，whether it's on a large scale or just a backyard barbecue.They throw two of the world's biggest parties，Carnival  (The street carnival of Rio de Janeiro is designated by Guinness World Records as the largest carnival in the world.)，and the New Year's Reveillon celebration.KissesGetting to know people in Brazil is a fast­track process.They don't care too much about personal and emotional space.A kiss on both cheeks is traditional for a male who has been introduced to an adult female，and two more kisses are given when leaving.In most of Brazil，there are two air kisses given in greeting.The first always goes to the right cheek，the second to the left.[语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文，主要向我们介绍了巴西的一些特点，使我们充分领略了巴西独特的人文魅力。1．What can the world learn from Brazilians?A．Keep the work­life balance.B．Attempt to live in the moment.C．Take part in cultural activities.D．Express emotions openly and boldly.解析：细节理解题。根据Playfulness部分中的“But despite their problems，Brazilians can put them aside and center their awareness completely on the here and now，which is something the rest of the world could learn from.”可知，巴西人能够把问题放到一边，把注意力集中在当下，即尽力活在当下这一点是世界其他国家应该学习的。答案：B2．How should a man by tradition greet a woman whom he is introduced to?A．Through air kisses.B．Through a warm hug.C．Through cheek kissing.D．Through a firm handshake.解析：细节理解题。根据Kisses部分中的“A kiss on both cheeks is traditional for a male who has been introduced to an adult female”可知，当一位男性被介绍给一位成年女性时，亲吻女士的双颊是传统的打招呼的做法。故选C。答案：C3．What's the author's purpose of writing the passage?A．To call on people to visit Brazil.B．To highlight the customs of Brazil.C．To present parts of Brazil's best bits.D．To show the characteristics of Brazilians.解析：作者意图题。根据文章内容尤其是第一段中的“In Aug.，CNN released a list of things Brazil does better than anywhere else.The following are four of them”可知，本文主要介绍的是巴西在世界上做得最好的几个方面。故选C。该题难点在对bit的理解上，该词在此意为“一部分，小块儿”。答案：CBOn April 14th,2010，my entire life changed in an instant.One moment I was joyfully riding through the sunshine.The next moment，metal，flesh and bones were spreading against the pavement in a thunderous crash.Another cyclist，biking carelessly，had cut me off and sent me supermanning toward oncoming traffic.As if to symbolize the accident that had hit my life，another disaster also occurred on April 14th,2010.It cost the airline industry $ 1.7 billion.Ten million travelers were stuck for days.Economics all over the world were disturbed.This was the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull，one of Iceland's many volcanoes.However，volcanoes are not all bad.In fact，they are necessary.They are responsible for the birth of new earth，and for the creation of rich soil.This eruption gave off 0.15 million tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere daily.But cancelling 48% of the world's flight travel saved about 2.8 million tons of CO2 from entering the atmosphere，temporarily decreasing our carbon footprint.Similarly，the accident had badly affected my emotion but it also allowed me to look more closely inside myself and discover things about myself I would never have realized.I learned how not to judge myself for my new limitations.In 1973，another Icelandic volcano，Eldfell，broke out.Icelanders decided to bomb it with cold water until it froze and chose a different path.After their plan worked，they used the geothermal(地热的) energy for the next 15 years to heat their homes.A good example of life bringing lemons， and making lemonade！One must move on from misfortunes，focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful for the future.I ran from April 14th,2010，to every kind of escape.Eventually I ended up in university for a new­found love in Earth sciences.[语篇解读]　作者把自己遭遇突发事件和火山爆发这种自然灾害进行类比，说明遭遇到不幸也有好处，面对现实情况要乐观积极。4．What happened to the writer on April 14th,2010?A．He was involved in a car crash.B．He was stuck in an Iceland's airport.C．He witnessed a volcanic eruption.D．He was badly injured on a bike ride.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“The next moment，metal...crash.”和“Another cyclist，biking carelessly，had cut me off and sent me supermanning toward oncoming traffic.”可知，一个马虎的骑自行车的人撞到了作者，作者遭遇了事故，受伤严重，故D项正确。答案：D5．Which was an effect of the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull?A．The economy was cost globally by the eruption.B．Carbon dioxide increased temporarily.C．Most of the world's planes were held up.D．The earth in Iceland was terribly polluted.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Economics all over the world were disturbed.”可知，艾雅法拉火山爆发后，全世界的经济都受到了干扰，即火山的爆发使全球经济受损，故A项正确。答案：A6．Why did the writer mention the Eldfell volcano?A．It broke out in Iceland on April 14th as well.B．It symbolized the accident that changed his life.C．It told us to make the best of a given situation.D．It encouraged him to know more about himself.解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“After their plan worked...their homes.”并结合“One must move on from misfortunes，focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful for the future.”可推知，我们应该充分利用特定的环境。答案：C7．What is the best title for the passage?A．Escape from VolcanoesB．Inspiration from DisastersC．Love for Earth SciencesD．Attitude Toward Nature解析：标题归纳题。本文作者通过讲述自己遭遇事故和火山爆发带来的好处及坏处，启示人们要积极应对现实情况，所以选B项。答案：BⅡ.阅读七选五You can choose to think positively and see the good things around you，or you can choose to think negatively and only see the negative things around you.It's all up to you.　1　Look at what optimists do differently.Believe in themselves.While others doubt their own abilities，optimists believe they are good enough just the way they are and constantly try to get better. They trust their own intuition(直觉)and abilities when carrying out their day­to­day activities.　2　They don't need everyone's approval.Believe in others.Optimists not only believe in themselves，but also in other people in their lives.　3　They know that when you treat a person as he or she is，that person will remain so.But if you treat a person as he or she ought to be，that person will become what he or she ought to be.Optimists simply see sparks of good in others and work to turn the sparks into a roaring flame.　4　Optimists believe in seizing what life throws at them.They are not blind to the risks and dangers involved in taking chances，but rather look at the bigger picture，the resources available and then make every opportunity count for a much brighter future full of possibilities.Forgive.Optimists know better than to underestimate the power of forgiveness.Martin Luther King Jr.recognized the past was the past and forgiveness was the path to a better future for everyone.　5　Optimists know tomorrow is another day and another opportunity to correct what needs correcting and create a brighter reality.A．So he fought hate with love.B．They do what feels right in their hearts.C．Take full advantage of all opportunities.D．Be cautious about risks and dangers in life.E．They inspire others to be the best they can be.F．It is advisable，however，that you think more positively.G．Thus he devoted his life to the struggle for racial equality.[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。积极的想法和消极的想法都取决于个人，然而，本文作者还是建议人们积极看待生活，并说明了乐观者是怎么做的。1．解析：空前提到“think positively and see the good things around you”或者“think negatively and only see the negative things around you”都取决于你自己，空后提到“Look at what optimists do differently，”因此F项“然而，你以更积极的方式去思考是明智的”填在本空能起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。答案：F2．解析：本段的小标题是“(乐观者)相信他们自己”，再根据空前的“They trust their own intuition(直觉)and abilities”可知，B项“他们做他们内心觉得正确的事情”符合语境。答案：B3．解析：本段主要讲的是乐观者还信任别人。根据本段最后一句“Optimists simply see sparks of good in others and work to turn the sparks into a roaring flame.”可知，空处应该说的是“他们激励别人尽力做到最好”，故E项符合语境。答案：E4．解析：根据本段中的关键字眼“chances”“opportunity”并结合“make every opportunity count”可知，本段主要讲的是“充分利用所有的机会”。答案：C5．解析：根据空前的“Martin Luther King Jr. recognized the past was the past and forgiveness was the path to a better future for everyone.”可把目光集中在A项和G项上，因为这两项中的he指的就是Martin Luther King Jr.。再根据本段的小标题Forgive 可知，A项“因此他用爱来化解仇恨”符合语境。G项表述的内容跟上下文联系不起来，故可排除。答案：AⅢ.语法填空Hello，everyone.1.             is Jane Scott from Channel 9 News.Now I'm at the scene of a special rescue that occurred earlier today.The fire 2.             (break) out at around 6：30 in the morning at the three­story building behind me.The cause of the fire is still unknown.Firemen managed to keep the fire 3.             control as soon as possible.But we are still not able to get any 4.            (close) because of the possibility of an explosion.There is also a crowd 5.            (collect) at the spot.Witnesses say that they noticed fire coming from the building earlier this morning.It was believed that everyone 6.             (move) out of the building to safety.However，Jenny Rhyme 7.            lived in this building，panicked，when she returned and noticed the fire，8.             (realise) that her 3­month­old baby was still inside.However，witnesses report seeing the dog，the family dog，Lucky，pulling 9.             baby to safety by the baby's clothes.10．             (fortunate)，everyone is reported safe.The baby was taken to the hospital，as well as the dog，but we're happy to say that at this time，it looks like everyone will be fine.OK.That's the news，and now over to Bob Smith in the sports centre.[语篇解读]　本文为一篇应用文。本文是9频道新闻的一则新闻。1．解析：本文为新闻现场直播内容。新闻报道中，记者自我介绍时，常用this指代第一人称“我”。答案：This2．解析：大火发生时间是过去，故用一般过去时。答案：broke3．解析：句意：消防队员尽快地将大火控制住了。under control为固定短语，意为：处于控制之下。答案：under4．解析：句意：但是因为还有爆炸的可能，我们仍然没能够更靠近火场。根据设空处前的any可知设空处需用close的比较级形式。在否定句和疑问句中，any常与形容词、副词比较级连用，意为：更……，再……答案：closer5．解析：句意：还有一群人聚集在现场。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。collect作“聚集，齐聚”讲时为不及物动词，collect与a crowd为逻辑上的主动关系。且表示正在进行，故用现在分词形式作定语。答案：collecting6．解析：句意：人们普遍认为每个人都被移出大楼到了安全的地方。本题考查时态和语态。everyone与move为被动关系，故用被动语态；“被移出”发生在was believed之前，故用过去完成时，故答案为had been moved。答案：had been moved7．解析：“         lived in this building”为定语从句，先行词为Jenny Rhyme，将先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词在定语从句中作主语，且先行词指“人”，故用who引导。答案：who8．realising9．解析：设空处后的baby在本句中表示特指，特指前文中her 3­month­old baby，故设空处填定冠词。答案：the10．解析：此处需用副词修饰后面整个句子。句意：幸运的是据报道，每个人都很安全。答案：Fortunately