人教版（2019）专题课——阅读之细节理解题、推理判断题同步练习

阅读之细节理解题、推理判断题同步练习

（答题时间：40分钟）

阅读理解

A

A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in almost the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as formal texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual situation of the time and the child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.

A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or making him sad thinking. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often sorry for cruelty than those who had not. As to fears, there are, I think, some cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises (出现) from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.

There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc. do not exist; and that, instead of being fond of the strange side in fairy tales, the child should be taught to learn the reality by studying history. I find such people, I must say so peculiar (奇怪的) that I do not know how to argue with them. If their case were sound, the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a stick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their beloved girlfriend.

No fairy story ever declared to be a description of the real world and no clever child has ever believed that it was.

1. The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is ________.

A. repeated without any change

B. treated as a joke

C. made some changes by the parent

D. set in the present

2. According to the passage, great fear can take place in a child when the story is ________.

A. in a realistic setting

B. heard for the first time

C. repeated too often

D. told in a different way

3. The advantage claimed (提出) for repeating fairy stories to young children is that it ________.

A. makes them less fearful

B. develops their power of memory

C. makes them believe there is nothing to be afraid of

D. encourages them not to have strange beliefs

4. The author’s mention of sticks and telephones is meant to suggest that ________.

A. fairy stories are still being made up

B. there is some misunderstanding about fairy tales

C. people try to modernize old fairy stories

D. there is more concern for children’s fears nowadays

5. One of the reasons why some people are not in favor of fairy tales is that ________.

A. they are full of imagination

B. they just make up the stories which are far from the truth

C. they are not interesting

D. they make teachers of history difficult to teach

B

Very old people do raise moral problems for almost everyone who comes in contact with them. Their values — this can’t be repeated too often — are not necessarily our values. Physical comfort, cleanness and order are not necessarily the most important things. The social services from time to time find themselves faced with a flat with decaying food covered by small worms, and an old person lying alone in bed, taking no notice of the worms. But is it interfering (干涉) with personal freedom to insist that they go to live with some of their relatives so that they might be taken better care of? Some social workers, the ones who clear up the worms, think we are in danger of carrying this concept of personal freedom to the point where serious risks are being taken with the health and safety of the old.

Indeed, the old can be easily hurt or harmed. The body is like a car, it needs more mechanical maintenance (机械维修，保养) as it gets older. You can carry this comparison right through to the provision of spare parts. But never forget that such operations are painful experiences, however good the results will be. And at what point should you stop to treat the old body? Is it morally right to try to push off death by seeking the development of drugs to excite the forgetful old mind and to activate the old body, knowing that it is designed to die? You can’t ask doctors or scientists to decide, because so long as they can see the technical opportunities, they will feel bound to give them a try, on the principle that while there’s life, there’s hope.

When you talk to the old people, however, you are forced to the conclusion that whether age is happy or unpleasant depends less on money or on health than it does on your ability to have fun.

6. What does the passage mainly tell us?

A. The values are different between the old and the young.

B. The moral problems raised by old people.

C. The personal freedom for the old.

D. Old people’s viewpoint on life.

7. We can know from the first paragraph that ________.

A. Very old people would like to live alone to have more personal freedom.

B. Very old people are able to keep their room clean.

C. Very old people like to live with their children.

D. Social services have nothing to do with very old people.

8. According to the author, which of the following is right?

A. The older a person, the more care he needs.

B. Too much emphasis has been put on old people’s values.

C. The human body can’t be compared to a car.

D. It is easy to provide spare parts for old people.

9. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to “________”.

A. their money or their health

B. the conclusion you come to

C. your talk to the old people

D. whether age is happy or unpleasant

阅读之细节理解题、推理判断题

同步练习参考答案

1. C  解析：细节理解题。根据 It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual situation of the time and the child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better. 可推知此题答案为C。

2. B  解析：细节题。根据this arises (出现) from the child having heard the story once.可推知此题答案为B。

3. A  解析：细节理解题。根据Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.可以得出此答案。

4. B  解析：推理判断题。有些人认为神话不现实，都是教孩子一些不存在的东西，会对孩子有不好的影响。作者用虚拟语气作了一个假设，如果这些观点站得住脚的话，可能会出现这样的情况：the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a stick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their beloved girl－friend.可见持这种观点的人实际上是对神话的一种误解。

5. B  解析：推理判断题。根据. ..not objectively true, do not exist可知有些人不赞成神话故事的原因是这些故事是编出来的，远离现实。故选B。

6. B  解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第1句 Very old people do raise moral problems for almost everyone who comes in contact with them及全文内容可知，答案选 B。

7. A  解析：推理判断题。根据文章第1段最后几句 Some social workers, the ones who clear up the worms, think we are in danger of carrying this concept of personal freedom to the point where serious risks are being taken with the health and safety of the old可知，答案选 A。

8. A  解析：推理判断题。根据文章第2段第2句 The body is like a car, it needs more mechanical maintenance as it gets older可知，答案选 A。

9. D  解析：词义猜测题。根据文章最后一句 you are forced to the conclusion that whether age is happy or unpleasant depends less on money or on health than it does on your ability to have fun可知，答案选 D。