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人教版（2019）专题课——阅读之主旨大意题、词义猜测题同步练习
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这是一份高中本册综合精品同步训练题，共5页。试卷主要包含了per等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（答题时间：40分钟）
阅读理解
A
Yur huse may have an effect n yur figure. Experts say the way yu design yur hme culd play a rle in whether yu pack n the punds r keep them ff. Yu can make yur envirnment wrk fr yu instead f against yu. Here are sme ways t turn yur hme int part f diet plan.
Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark envirnments are mre likely t encurage vereating, fr peple are ften less self-cnscius(难为情)when they’ re in prly lit places----and s mre likely t eat lts f fd. If yur hme desn’t have enugh windw light, get mre lamps and fld the place with brightness.
Mind the clrs. Research suggests warm clrs fuel ur appetites. In ne study, peple wh ate meals in a blue rm cnsumed 33 percent less than thse in a yellw r red rm. Warm clrs like yellw make fd appear mre appetizing, while cld clrs make us feel less hungry. S when it’s time t repaint, g blue.
Dn’t frget the clck----r the radi. Peple wh eat slwly tend t cnsume abut 70 fewer calries (卡路里) per meal than thse wh rush thrugh their meals. Begin keeping track f the time, and try t make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while yu’ re at it, actually sit dwn t eat. If yu need sme help slwing dwn, turn n relaxing music. It makes yu less likely t rush thrugh a meal.
Dwnsize the dishes. Big serving bwls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat abut 22 percent mre when using a 12-inch plate instead f a 10-inch plate. When we chse a large spn ver a smaller ne ,ttal intake (摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And we’ ll pur abut 30 percent mre liquid int a shrt, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.
1. The text is especially helpful fr thse wh care abut_______.
A. healthy diets B. huse buying
C. their bdy shape D. their hme cmfrts
2. A hme envirnment in blue can help peple_________.
A. reduce fd intake B. digest fd better
C. regain their appetites D. burn mre calries
3. What are peple advised t d at mealtimes?
A. Use smaller spns. B. Turn dwn the lights.
C. Eat quickly. D. Play fast music.
4. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Is Yur Hme Envirnment Relaxing?
B. Is Yur Huse Making Yu Fat?
C. Ways f Serving Dinner
D. Effects f Self-Cnsciusness
B
Passenger pigens（旅鸽）nce flew ver much f the United States in unbelievable numbers. Written accunts frm the 18th and 19th centuries described flcks（群）s large that they darkened the sky fr hurs.
It was calculated that when its ppulatin reach its highest pint, there were mre than 3 billin passenger pigens – a number equal t 24 t 40 percent f the ttal bird ppulatin in the United States, making it perhaps the mst abundant birds in the wrld. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already becme smaller, a flck believed t be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (abut 515 kilmeters) lng was seen near Cincinnati.
Sadly, the abundance f passenger pigens may have been their unding. Where the birds were abundant, peple believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thusands. Cmmercial hunters attracted them t small clearings with grain, waited until pigens had settled t feed, then threw large nets ver them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped t large cities and sld in restaurants.
By the clsing decades f the 19th century, the hardwd frests where passenger pigens nested had been damaged by Americans’ need fr wd, which scattered（驱散）the flcks and frced the birds t g farther nrth, where cld temperatures and spring strms cntributed t their decline. Sn the great flcks were gne, never t be seen again.
In 1897, the state f Michigan passed a law prhibiting the killing f passenger pigens, but by then, n sizable flcks had been seen in the state fr 10 years. The last cnfirmed wild pigen in the United States was sht by a by in Pike Cunty, Ohi, in 1900. Fr a time, a few birds survived under human care. The last f them, knwn affectinately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zlgical Garden in September 1, 1914.
5. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigens _______.
A. were the biggest bird in the wrld
B. lived mainly in the suth f America
C. did great harm t the natural envirnment
D. Were the largest ppulatin in the US
6. The underlined wrd “unding” prbably refers t the pigens’ _______.
A. escape B. ruin C. liberatin D. evlutin
7. What was the main reasn fr peple t kill passenger pigens?
A. T seek pleasure. B. T save ther birds.
C. T make mney. D. T prtect crps.
8. What can we infer abut the law passed in Michigan?
A. It was ignred by the public. B. It was declared t late.
C. It was unfair. D. It was strict.
阅读之主旨大意题、词义猜测题
同步练习参考答案
1. C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句Experts say the way yu design yur hme culd play a rle in whether yu pack n the punds r keep them ff.说明你设计房子的方式一定程度上决定了你是长肉还是减肉，所以这篇文章更可能是对那些在乎外形的人有帮助。故C项正确。
2. A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句In ne study, peple wh ate meals in a blue rm cnsumed 33 percent less than thse in a yellw r red rm.可知在蓝色房间里用餐的人要比在黄色或红色房间里的人吃得更少。也就是说减少了摄入量。故A正确。
3. A 解析：推理判断题。文章最后一段主要讲述的是吃饭的用具的大小对饮食摄入的影响。根据本段第三句When we chse a large spn ver a smaller ne ,ttal intake (摄入) jumps by 14 percent.用大的勺子吃饭要比用小勺子多吃百分之14，所以作者建议人们用小勺子吃饭会少吃很多。故A正确。
4. B 解析：标题概括题。根据文章前两句Yur huse may have an effect n yur figure. Experts say the way yu design yur hme culd play a rle in whether yu pack n the punds r keep them ff.说明房子对你的体型有很大的影响，房屋的设计和布置一定程度上决定了你是长肉还是减肉。所以B项与文章内容是一致的。
5. D 解析：细节理解题。在18世纪和19世纪初期，旅鸽的数量怎么样？根据Passenger pigens（旅鸽）nce flew ver much f the United States in unbelievable numbers. Written accunts frm the 18th and 19th centuries described flcks（群）s large that they darkened the sky fr hurs.可知在美国，18世纪和19世纪旅鸽的数量很大。故选D。
6. B 解析：词义猜测题。划线单词unding可能指的是旅鸽发生了什么情况？根据Where the birds were abundant, peple believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thusands.可知人们认为旅鸽数量多会永恒的供应，于是成千的人杀害了旅鸽。因此判断此处unding的意思是死亡，毁灭。故选B。
7. C 解析：细节理解题。人们杀死旅鸽的主要原因是什么？根据Cmmercial hunters attracted them t small clearings with grain, waited until pigens had settled t feed, then threw large nets ver them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped t large cities and sld in restaurants.可知商业猎人捕捉了大量的旅鸽，把他们卖到大城市的餐馆里，因此推测人们杀死旅鸽的主要原因是为了赚钱。故选C。选项A的意思是寻开心。文中没有提到让人们高兴的内容，故不符合文章的意思。选项B，为了挽救其他鸟类。在文中没有提到其他鸟类，故不符合原文，故排除B项。选项D,为了保护庄稼。根据the hardwd frests where passenger pigens nested had been damaged by Americans’ need fr wd, which scattered（驱散）the flcks and frced the birds t g farther nrth,可知美国人是为了需要木材而驱赶旅鸽，而不是为了保护庄稼，故排除D项。
8. B 解析：推理判断题。关于密歇根州通过得法律我们可以推断出什么？根据In 1897, the state f Michigan passed a law prhibiting the killing f passenger pigens, but by then, n sizable flcks had been seen in the state fr 10 years.可知到密歇根州通过禁止屠杀旅鸽的法律时，在美国已经10年没有见过大的旅鸽群，这可推断旅鸽数量已经很少了，因此这项法律通过得太晚了。故选B。
（答题时间：40分钟）
阅读理解
A
Yur huse may have an effect n yur figure. Experts say the way yu design yur hme culd play a rle in whether yu pack n the punds r keep them ff. Yu can make yur envirnment wrk fr yu instead f against yu. Here are sme ways t turn yur hme int part f diet plan.
Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark envirnments are mre likely t encurage vereating, fr peple are ften less self-cnscius(难为情)when they’ re in prly lit places----and s mre likely t eat lts f fd. If yur hme desn’t have enugh windw light, get mre lamps and fld the place with brightness.
Mind the clrs. Research suggests warm clrs fuel ur appetites. In ne study, peple wh ate meals in a blue rm cnsumed 33 percent less than thse in a yellw r red rm. Warm clrs like yellw make fd appear mre appetizing, while cld clrs make us feel less hungry. S when it’s time t repaint, g blue.
Dn’t frget the clck----r the radi. Peple wh eat slwly tend t cnsume abut 70 fewer calries (卡路里) per meal than thse wh rush thrugh their meals. Begin keeping track f the time, and try t make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while yu’ re at it, actually sit dwn t eat. If yu need sme help slwing dwn, turn n relaxing music. It makes yu less likely t rush thrugh a meal.
Dwnsize the dishes. Big serving bwls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat abut 22 percent mre when using a 12-inch plate instead f a 10-inch plate. When we chse a large spn ver a smaller ne ,ttal intake (摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And we’ ll pur abut 30 percent mre liquid int a shrt, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.
1. The text is especially helpful fr thse wh care abut_______.
A. healthy diets B. huse buying
C. their bdy shape D. their hme cmfrts
2. A hme envirnment in blue can help peple_________.
A. reduce fd intake B. digest fd better
C. regain their appetites D. burn mre calries
3. What are peple advised t d at mealtimes?
A. Use smaller spns. B. Turn dwn the lights.
C. Eat quickly. D. Play fast music.
4. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Is Yur Hme Envirnment Relaxing?
B. Is Yur Huse Making Yu Fat?
C. Ways f Serving Dinner
D. Effects f Self-Cnsciusness
B
Passenger pigens（旅鸽）nce flew ver much f the United States in unbelievable numbers. Written accunts frm the 18th and 19th centuries described flcks（群）s large that they darkened the sky fr hurs.
It was calculated that when its ppulatin reach its highest pint, there were mre than 3 billin passenger pigens – a number equal t 24 t 40 percent f the ttal bird ppulatin in the United States, making it perhaps the mst abundant birds in the wrld. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already becme smaller, a flck believed t be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (abut 515 kilmeters) lng was seen near Cincinnati.
Sadly, the abundance f passenger pigens may have been their unding. Where the birds were abundant, peple believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thusands. Cmmercial hunters attracted them t small clearings with grain, waited until pigens had settled t feed, then threw large nets ver them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped t large cities and sld in restaurants.
By the clsing decades f the 19th century, the hardwd frests where passenger pigens nested had been damaged by Americans’ need fr wd, which scattered（驱散）the flcks and frced the birds t g farther nrth, where cld temperatures and spring strms cntributed t their decline. Sn the great flcks were gne, never t be seen again.
In 1897, the state f Michigan passed a law prhibiting the killing f passenger pigens, but by then, n sizable flcks had been seen in the state fr 10 years. The last cnfirmed wild pigen in the United States was sht by a by in Pike Cunty, Ohi, in 1900. Fr a time, a few birds survived under human care. The last f them, knwn affectinately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zlgical Garden in September 1, 1914.
5. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigens _______.
A. were the biggest bird in the wrld
B. lived mainly in the suth f America
C. did great harm t the natural envirnment
D. Were the largest ppulatin in the US
6. The underlined wrd “unding” prbably refers t the pigens’ _______.
A. escape B. ruin C. liberatin D. evlutin
7. What was the main reasn fr peple t kill passenger pigens?
A. T seek pleasure. B. T save ther birds.
C. T make mney. D. T prtect crps.
8. What can we infer abut the law passed in Michigan?
A. It was ignred by the public. B. It was declared t late.
C. It was unfair. D. It was strict.
阅读之主旨大意题、词义猜测题
同步练习参考答案
1. C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句Experts say the way yu design yur hme culd play a rle in whether yu pack n the punds r keep them ff.说明你设计房子的方式一定程度上决定了你是长肉还是减肉，所以这篇文章更可能是对那些在乎外形的人有帮助。故C项正确。
2. A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句In ne study, peple wh ate meals in a blue rm cnsumed 33 percent less than thse in a yellw r red rm.可知在蓝色房间里用餐的人要比在黄色或红色房间里的人吃得更少。也就是说减少了摄入量。故A正确。
3. A 解析：推理判断题。文章最后一段主要讲述的是吃饭的用具的大小对饮食摄入的影响。根据本段第三句When we chse a large spn ver a smaller ne ,ttal intake (摄入) jumps by 14 percent.用大的勺子吃饭要比用小勺子多吃百分之14，所以作者建议人们用小勺子吃饭会少吃很多。故A正确。
4. B 解析：标题概括题。根据文章前两句Yur huse may have an effect n yur figure. Experts say the way yu design yur hme culd play a rle in whether yu pack n the punds r keep them ff.说明房子对你的体型有很大的影响，房屋的设计和布置一定程度上决定了你是长肉还是减肉。所以B项与文章内容是一致的。
5. D 解析：细节理解题。在18世纪和19世纪初期，旅鸽的数量怎么样？根据Passenger pigens（旅鸽）nce flew ver much f the United States in unbelievable numbers. Written accunts frm the 18th and 19th centuries described flcks（群）s large that they darkened the sky fr hurs.可知在美国，18世纪和19世纪旅鸽的数量很大。故选D。
6. B 解析：词义猜测题。划线单词unding可能指的是旅鸽发生了什么情况？根据Where the birds were abundant, peple believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thusands.可知人们认为旅鸽数量多会永恒的供应，于是成千的人杀害了旅鸽。因此判断此处unding的意思是死亡，毁灭。故选B。
7. C 解析：细节理解题。人们杀死旅鸽的主要原因是什么？根据Cmmercial hunters attracted them t small clearings with grain, waited until pigens had settled t feed, then threw large nets ver them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped t large cities and sld in restaurants.可知商业猎人捕捉了大量的旅鸽，把他们卖到大城市的餐馆里，因此推测人们杀死旅鸽的主要原因是为了赚钱。故选C。选项A的意思是寻开心。文中没有提到让人们高兴的内容，故不符合文章的意思。选项B，为了挽救其他鸟类。在文中没有提到其他鸟类，故不符合原文，故排除B项。选项D,为了保护庄稼。根据the hardwd frests where passenger pigens nested had been damaged by Americans’ need fr wd, which scattered（驱散）the flcks and frced the birds t g farther nrth,可知美国人是为了需要木材而驱赶旅鸽，而不是为了保护庄稼，故排除D项。
8. B 解析：推理判断题。关于密歇根州通过得法律我们可以推断出什么？根据In 1897, the state f Michigan passed a law prhibiting the killing f passenger pigens, but by then, n sizable flcks had been seen in the state fr 10 years.可知到密歇根州通过禁止屠杀旅鸽的法律时，在美国已经10年没有见过大的旅鸽群，这可推断旅鸽数量已经很少了，因此这项法律通过得太晚了。故选B。
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