专题28 阅读理解技巧（基础知识+巩固练习）-备战2021年中考英语一轮复习必过知识点（全国通用）

这是一份专题28 阅读理解技巧（基础知识+巩固练习）-备战2021年中考英语一轮复习必过知识点（全国通用），共13页。

【真题再现】阅读理解


A Simple Scientific Experiment








In the first part f the experiment the cttn wl is mst prbably used t .


keep the air dry


keep the tube wet


make the nails rust


keep the tube clean


What are necessary steps t make sure the water in the tube is air free?


①Leave half a tube f water in it


②Bil the water fr sme time


③Put sme clean irn nails in the tube


④Add sme il t the water


A. ①②B. ①③C. ②③D. ②④


We can cnclude frm the experiment that nly makes irn rusty.


dry airB. cttn wlC. rdinary waterD. air-free water


This is a descriptin f a single scientific experiment. It shws us hw irn reacts ( 反 应 ) with air and with water.


Aim: T find ut if irn rusts(生锈)


(a) in dry air; (b) in water that has n air in it (air- free water); (c) in rdinary water.


Materials: 3 clean irn nails(铁钉); test tubes; test tube hlder; cttn wl; il; Bunsen burner.
Irn in dry air Methd


Put sme irn nails at the bttm f a test tube.


Push sme cttn wl dwn the tube.


Leave the tube fr ne week.


Result


The nails d nt rust.


Cnclusin


Irn des nt rust in dry air.
Add sme il t the water. (This will keep air ut f the water.)


Leave the tube fr ne week.


Result


The nails d nt rust in the tube with air-free water.


Cnclusin


Irn des nt rust in air- free water.



Irn in air-free water Methd


Half-fill a test tube with water.


Bil the water fr three minutes. (This makes sure there is n air in the water.


Put tw r three clean nails in the water.
Irn in rdinary water Methd


Half –fill a test tube with water and add tw r three clean nails.


Leave the tube fr ne week.


Result


The nails rust in the tube with rdinary water.


Cnclusin


Irn rusts in rdinary water.
Wang Bing’s father began smking when he was a freshman (大学一年级学生)in cllege. His friend passed him his first cigarette. He has nw been smking fr mre than 30 years.


It’s a classic example f hw yung peple are intrduced t cigarettes, except that nwadays smkers develp their habit at an even yunger age.


It has becme a majr cncern( 担 忧 ) in China that many teenagers begin t smke. A survey shwed that 22.5% f the middle schl students questined had tried smking and 15.8% f them smked regularly.


Fr many teenagers, smking is a symbl f being an adult, independence, maturity(成熟) and attractiveness because the images wh they lve best ften smke n screen.


The scial envirnment als plays an imprtant rle in attracting teenagers t smking. They are used t seeing their elders, especially male family members, smking at hme. Many f them imitate adult behavir and becme new smkers.


T increase the price f cigarettes is an effective way t reduce the number f yung smkers, as teenagers have limited mney t spend n them.


Anther way is t educate the teenagers t vluntarily refuse cigarettes. A survey shws that 92.5% f the students knw smking will be bad fr their health. If we persuade them in a prper way, mst f them may give up smking.


All in all, the sciety, the gvernment, the schl and the family shuld jin tgether t take the respnsibility fr an anti-smking (禁烟) campaign aimed at teenagers, nt just t put empty slgans and warnings n cigarette packs.


The writer uses the first paragraph t .


tell the readers a stry f a smker


intrduce the tpic f the passage


intrduce the cllege life f Wang Bing’s father.


What’s the main idea f this passage?


The teenagers think smking is a symbl f being an adult and independence.


The scial envirnment encurages the teenagers t smke.


The teenagers shuld be educated t refuse t smke.


The teenage smking has becme a serius prblem in China.


What des the wrd “imitate” in Paragraph 5 mean in Chinese?


A. 指责B. 忍受C. 模仿D. 支持


Frm the underlined part f the last sentence f this passage, we can infer(推断) that the writer thinks putting slgans and warnings n cigarette packs is t slve the prblem.


A. nt enughB. f n useC. f great helpD. f great imprtance.


【答案与解析】


A。 在 Irn in dry air 的 Methd 中提到在试管中放入棉花，结合 dry air 可知答案为 A。


D。通读 Irn in air-free water 中的描述可知答案为 D。


C。通读三个 Cnclusin 可知答案为 C。





B。细节理解题。本文主要讲述学生抽烟的人数不断上升。通过第一段的例子引出这一主题。故选B。


D。主旨大意题。根据第三段“It has becme a majr cncern in China that many teenagers begin t smke.”可知，本文主要强调的是青少年抽烟已经成为一个社会的问题了。故选D。


C。词义猜测题。根据语境可知，许多孩子都是模仿大人学会抽烟的。imitate具有“模仿”的


意思。故选C。


A。细节理解题。根据“nt just t”可知，仅仅是打着戒烟的口号和警告是远远不够的，还需要更多强有力的方式去杜绝青少年吸烟。nt enugh表示“不仅仅”。故选A。


考试要求


考查学生理解短文的主旨和主题要义能力；


理解短文具体信息（包括图文转换的信息）的能力；


根据短文上下情景猜测单词的能力；


根据短文的内容判断和推理能力；


理解作者的意图和态度的能力。


纵观全国各地中考试卷，中考阅读理解考试题的比例在整个试卷占了很大的比例，阅读理解的成绩直接决定学生能否在中考中取得优秀成绩。中考阅读短文的题材除了选一些通俗易懂的文学作品和故事体裁的小短文，还经常选用一些富有时代鲜明特征、实用性比较强的语言材料。例如：报刊杂志的文章、使用说明书、招贴告示、广告和各种各类图表。选择这些材料不仅能够提高测试的真实性，还能展示目标语言在现实生活中的真实运用来激发学生学习英语的兴趣。


1. 阅读理解的题型：


近几年中考试卷的阅读理解测试题主要有选择型测试题、判断正误型测试题和任务型测试题三种形式。根据阅读理解的题干部分可以分为以下几种测试题型：


理解主旨大意题：


考查学生对于文章的中心思想或全文梗概的领会、理解和概括能力。我们可以通过“略读－ skimming”来获取文章或者段落的主题和主旨大意。在略读时要注意寻找主题句（tpic sentence）以帮助理解文章的主题和了解文章的大意。有一些同学可能认为没有仔细阅读文章的细节而感觉不太放心，其实没有必要担心，因为我们了解的文章的大意以后，然后对文章做仔细阅读，比较难的短文理解起来就容易多了。


略读时应该注意：主题句一般是短文第一个句子或者最后一个句子，偶尔位于段落的中间；每一段的主题句一般也是在每段的第一、二个句子或者最后一个句子。其次作者提供其写作意图， 如：提供信息、描述人物、事物或者事件、讨论问题、说服某人、提出建议或者对两种观点或者事件进行比较。而其他的句子是对主题句的进一步发展及说明性的例子，有时是为主题句提供时间、地点或者原因等背景。


主旨大意题常见的设问方式如下：


What’s the main idea f this passage?


What des the passage mainly tell us?


The writer means t tell us that .


Frm the passage, we can learn/ cnclude .


What’s the best title fr the passage?


具体细节理解题:


考查对事实或者细节的理解和辨别，即考查短文中直接或间接提到的具体信息的细节及线 索。对于这种阅读理解题，需要仔细比较所给的四个选项，找出语言表达差别的关键词来重点思考。做这种考试题我们一般用“扫读 Scanning”来从短文中寻找答案。扫读是有目的地在短文中为寻找某一个具体的信息或者细节而进行的搜索性阅读。特别是寻找人名、地名、时间或者某一个关键词。找到这个关键词时要进行局部地细心地阅读，以保证所寻找的答案在此处。为了保证扫读的有效性，在扫读之前必须认真审题，因为审题的过程就是明确阅读目的的过程。一般来 说，这种阅读理解测试题的答案是比较好找的。只要同学们仔细阅读，认真比较，把握准确的信息，是容易找到准确答案的。


根据上下文猜测词义题：


这种阅读理解测试题是对短文中某一个句子中的某一个超纲的单词或者短语画线，让考生猜 其汉语意思或者英语解释意义。短文中出现的超纲词或者短语要求学生在读懂短文的内容， 理解短文的大概意思的基础上并且根据短文上下文的意思和情景进行猜测和推断。一般来说这些词汇是比较难或者是同学们没有学过的。如果同学们的词汇量比较大，那么解决这种阅读理解测试题就有很大的优势。但是如果能够理解短文的内容和意思，通过上下句子和情景进行合理的猜测，其正确率还是比较高的。


猜测单词的一些方法：


首先要保持冷静，迅速判断。如果是对上下文理解影响不大的词，就不要停留，继续读下去。如果是影响理解的词，尤其是划线的词，就要运用猜测单词的技巧来猜测单词的意思。


如果是 but 连接前后两个句子，那么其意思是表示转折，后面句子的画线单词表示的意思可能和前面的句子的意思是相反的。


如果是 and 连接前后两个句子，那么后面句子的画线单词的意思可能和前面句子的意思一致。


注意下文，有时后面的句子或在下文中可能解释这个单词的意义。


有时即使猜测不出来单词的具体意思也不要紧，只需要了解这个单词是表示积极的还是消极的意思。通过辨认这个单词的位置来确定它是动词、形容词还是副词，然后从选项中选择。


实例说明：


The Sydney Opera Huse is a very famus building in the wrld. It has becme Sydney's best- knwn landmark and internatinal symbl. The Opera Huse with a “sailing rf” was designed by a famus Danish architect(丹麦建筑师), Utzn. The base fr the building was started in 1959, years befre the designs were finished. Utzn spent fur years designing the Opera Huse. In 1962, the designs were finalized(定稿) and the cnstructin began. In 1967, they started the decratin inside. It tk 14 years in ttal t build the Opera Huse. Queen Elizabeth II fficially pened it n Octber 20th, 1973.


The Sydney Opera Huse cst arund ＄100 millin and was paid fr by the public. 6,225 square meters f glass was used t build it. The Opera Huse includes 1,000 rms. It is 185 meters lng and 120 meters wide. The building’s rf sectins weigh abut 15 tns. Each year, this fantastic building attracts 200,000 turists t cme fr a visit r enjy events in it.


The Opera Huse reaches ut int the harbur( 港 湾 ). It is amazing and unfrgettable, ffering peple a strng sense f beauty.


The designer f the Sydney Opera Huse was frm .


AmericaB. AustraliaC. EnglandD. Denmark


Building the Sydney Opera Huse lasted . A. frm 1959 t 1973B. frm 1962 t 1973


C. frm 1959 t 1967D. frm 1962 t 1967


The underlined wrd "cnstructin" means in Chinese.


A. 创立B.设计C. 施工D. 竣工


paid fr the cst f the building f the Sydney Opera Huse.


UtznB. The public


C. Queen Elizabeth IID. The gvernment


Which is the best title fr the passage?


Sailing RfB. Travelling in Sydney


C. The Sydney Opera HuseD. The Opening f the Opera Huse


【解析】


D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Opera Huse with a ‘sailing rf’ was designed by a famus Danish architect(丹麦建筑师), Utzn”可知，悉尼歌剧院是一个丹麦的建筑师设计的。所以，悉尼歌剧院的设计得来自丹麦。故选 D。


A。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The base fr the building was started in 1959”以及“It tk 14 years in ttal t build the Opera Huse…Octber 20th, 1973.”可知，悉尼歌剧院的建设从 1959 年持续到 1973 年。故选 A。


C。词义猜测题。根据上文可知，设计已经定稿，因此下一步必然是施工，由此“cnstructin”在此处具有“施工”的含义。故选 C。


B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The Sydney Opera Huse cst arund ＄100 millin and was paid fr by the public.”可知，悉尼歌剧院的建设费用完全来自于公共开支。


D。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了悉尼歌剧院的设计、规模等，都是围绕悉尼歌剧院而写的。因此“The Sydney Opera Huse”是最好的标题。


简单的推理判断题：


考查学生根据短文的内容进行简单的判断或推理的能力。中考阅读理解不仅要读懂一个个的句子，而且要理解这些句子之间的内在联系。如果上下文之间存在未充分表达的内容，学生就应该充分激活头脑中的知识和经验，根据字面意思和句子的意思，通过语篇逻辑关系来研究细节的暗示、推敲作者的态度、理解文章的寓意。这就是我们平时所说的深层理解。深层理解是一种创造性的思维活动。它必须忠于原文，要以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知的知识来推断未知的知识，不能凭空想象、随意推测；它要求考生对文章的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。只有吃透文章的字面意思，才能有推理的前提和基础。


判断推理题常见的设问方式：


It can be inferred /cncluded that ＿＿＿.


Which f the fllwing cnclusins can we draw accrding t the passage? 3 The writer suggests that ＿＿＿.


The writer prbably feels that ＿＿＿.


Frm the passage, we can see ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.


实例说明：


Take a class at Dulangku Schl, and yu’ll see lts f things different frm ther schls. Yu can see the desks are nt in rws and students sit in grups. They put their desks tgether s they’re facing each ther. Hw can they see the blackbard? There are three blackbards n the three walls f the classrm!


The schl calls the new way f learning “Tuantuanzu”, meaning sitting in grups. Wei Liying, a Junir teacher, said it was t give students mre chance t cmmunicate.


Each grup has five r six students, accrding t Wei, and they play different rles (角色). There is a team leader wh takes care f the whle grup. There is a “study leader” wh makes sure that everyne finishes their hmewrk. And there is a discipline (纪律) leader wh makes sure that nbdy chats in class.


Wang Lin is a team leader. The 15-year-ld said that having t deal with s many things was tiring. “I just lked after my wn business befre,” said Wang. “But nw I have t think abut my five grup members.”


But Wang has gt used t it and can see the benefits (好处) nw.


“I used t speak t little. But being a team leader means yu have t talk a lt. Yu culd even call me an excellent speaker tday.”


Zhang Qi, 16, was weak in English. She used t get abut 70 in English tests. But in a recent test, Zhang


gt a grade f mre than 80.


“I rarely（ 很 少 ）asked thers when I had prblems with my English. But nw I can ask the team leader


r study leader. They are really helpful.”


We can tell frm the stry that sme students this new way f learning.


A. get benefits frmB. are tired fC. cannt get used tD. hate


【解析】：


A。写作意图推断题。从短文的作者写作意图可以判断作者是告诉人们杜朗口中学的学生从这种新的教学方法中得到益处。所以选择 A。


阅读理解的解题技巧：


事实细节题的方法和技巧： 1）详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。文章绝不是互不相干的句子杂乱无章的堆砌。作者为文， 有脉可循。如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；论述题则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。可根据文章的特点，详读细节，以动词、时间、地点、事件、因果等为线索，找出关键词语，运用“画图列 表法”，勾画出一幅完整清晰的文章主题和细节的认知图。 2）抓住文章的脉络和每一段中心，后面都是围绕这个中心展开分析，把握了文章的脉络后，相对来说定位就比较方便，解答细节题和主旨题就很方便了。 3）学会瞻前顾后和左顾右盼方法来理解细节题目，也就是从短文的上下联系来找到解决问题的关键细节。


4）注意引出细节的信息词，如：fr example, an example f, the mst imprtant example, first, secnd, next, then, last, finally, t begin with, als, besides 等。


推理判断题的方法和技巧：


阅读理解题中难度最大且出现频率很高的是推理判断题，这种题要求考生根据文章中出现的暗示，


抓住内含语义，用逻辑思维的方法加以整理，然后做出合理的判断。推理的方法大致可分为：简单推理和复杂推理。


简单推理


所谓简单推理就是以表面文字为前提，以具体事实为依据进行推理，做出判断。这种推理方式比较直接，只要弄清事实，即可结合常识推断出合理的结论。


复杂推理


复杂推理不但要以文字为依据，而且还要以文章的语境、内涵为前提。这是一种间接而复杂的逻辑推理方式。考生要推断出文章没有表明但又合乎逻辑的推理，就必须由表及里地归纳或演绎。下面是几种复杂的推理方法：


★ 推测作者的写作目的和意图，此类的设题形式有：


The purpse in writing this text is t . The authr in this passage intends t .


★ 推测作者的写作目的,必须要先了解文章的主题,然后分析作者的论述方法、论述的重点和材料的安排。


★ 推测文章的观点或结论，此类设题形式有 :


It can be inferred frm the passage that . Frm the passage we can cnclude that .


这类问题问的不一定是全文的中心思想或作者的全部观点，可能只是文章中的某一观点。但要推测出文中的某一观点，仍离不开对全文主要观点或中心思想的把握。


推断文章的出处，设题形式有 :


The passage is mst likely t be taken frm . The passage is mst likely a part f .


这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处： 报纸：前面会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称； 广告：因其格式和语言特殊，容易辨认；


产品说明：器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会告知服用时间、


次数、药量等。


单词猜测词义的方法和技巧：


根据上下文猜测词意


根据构词法猜测词意


在阅读文章时，总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。例如：


前缀 un-表反义词，如 happy、unhappy，fair、unfair，imprtant、unimprtant 等。


后缀- ment 表名词，如 develp、develpment，state、statement，argue、argument 等。


后缀-er、-r 或-ist 表同源名词，如 calculate/ calculatr; visit/ visitr; law/ lawyer; wait/waiter; science/ scientist; art/ artist 等。


3） 通过因果关系猜词。


首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如 because，as， since，fr，s，thus，as a result，f curse，therefre 等等)表示前因后果。


通过句法功能来推测词义。例如：


Bananas，ranges，pineapples，ccnuts and sme ther kind f fruit grw in warm areas.假如pineapples


和 ccnuts 是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出 pineapples，ccnuts 和 bananas，ranges 是同类关系，同属 fruit 类，因此它们是两样水


果，


准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。


通过描述猜词。


描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物做出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如：


The penguin is a kind f sea bird living in the Suth Ple. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Althugh it cannt fly，it can swim in the icy water t catch the fish.


从例句的描述中可以得知 penguin 是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活


习性。


阅读正误判断和任务型阅读


以上涉及到的都是在中考题中出现最多的选择型阅读测试题的做题技巧。除此之外，还有阅读正误判断题和任务型阅读题两种考查形式。


阅读正误判断题，难度逐渐降低，一般试题在短文中可以直接找到答案，也可以用上述的方法来做题。


任务型阅读是近年来推出的新题型，命题灵活，题型多样，可能是问答题，也可能是翻译句子， 填写表格信息等，能够很好地考查学生的英语综合能力。但是只要我们注意养成良好的阅读心


理，


提高阅读速度，就能做好这种题。解题时注意：


浏览试题，明确要求。带着问题去读短文，有的放矢。


浏览全文，捕捉有用信息。阅读时，注意有关的人物、事件、时间、地点、起因及一些定义、数据和一些关键词语，可以做出标记，有目的地把文后题目和短文中相关信息加以比较， 从而找到正确答案。


复读全文，抓住细节。答题时有问题，要重新在短文中寻找答案， 注意短文的首尾句或每一段的首尾句，那往往是事件的结果或作者的态度、意图等。


再读全文，核对答案。要用全文的主题大意重新审核各题答案，看前后是否一致，是否符合短文的主旨大意，细节方面是否和短文一致，是否有拼写和语法错误等。



























































【巩固练习】


真题演练。


It’s very early in the mrning and I’m sitting utside. It’s als very cld and dark. With me is Jim Nightingale, and he is the reasn I’m up s early. He passes me a ht cup f cffee. “Nt lng t wait nw,” he says. I hpe he’s right.


After a few minutes there is a very weak light in the east, and then I hear a bird singing. It sings very lud and very clear. “That’s the rbin(知更鸟),” says Jim. A few mre birds start singing with the rbin and Jim knws the names f them t. Half an hur later, there are mre and mre birds singing, and it’s very lud! Suddenly, all arund us the air is full f the sund f birdsng. This is the dawn chrus(晨鸣), and it’s beautiful.


“Ww, this is amazing!” I tell Jim, wh is smiling. “Is there a dawn chrus every mrning?”


“Birds can sing any time f the year but the best time is the end f winter and during the spring.


This is when the birds sing mst.”


“Really? S, why d they sing?” I ask.


“Well, there are tw reasns, explains Jim.” Mst f the sngbirds wh sing are males. They want t find a female(雌性) s they sing t shw hw strng they are. The females listen and chse the best singer! The birds als sing t tell ther males t g away. They need their wn area; they dn’t like sharing with anther male.”


I listen t the birds; the sngs seem t much t me. “D the birds sing a special sng in the mrning?”


“That’s a gd questin,” replied Jim. “The successful birds have many kinds f calls and sngs. Smetimes they cpy the sngs f ther birds. This makes it sund like there are many birds in that place already and ther males stay away. Als the female likes sngs with different ntes. Sme birds, fr example the Eurpean wren, have sngs that cntain ver 700 different ntes per minute!”


S, hw des Jim knw s much abut birds? Well, he wrks as a vlunteer fr the Ryal Sciety fr the Prtectin f Birds. He is trying t help the birds live in the mdern wrld. “Mre and mre f the birds’ habitat disappears every year. The sparrw, fr example, was a very cmmn bird in the UK, nw it’s in danger.”


By nw the sun is up and the birds are quiet. It’s light s they can start lking fr fd, they need a big breakfast after all that singing.


Why des the writer get up early in the mrning?


T visit her friend.B. T drink ht cffee.


C. T see different birds.D. T hear birds sing.


When yu hear a bird sing in the mrning, it’s mst prbably .


a rbinB. a sparrw


C. a male birdD. a female bird


A bird sings early in the mrning mainly .


t call a female’s attentinB. t fight with ther males


C. t find a place t live inD. t start lking fr fd


Accrding t the text, which f the fllwing statements is true?


At first the writer is happy t be up s early in the mrning.


Male birds have their wn ways f fling ther birds.


It’s easier fr the birds t find fd early in the mrning.


Jim has a jb with the Ryal Sciety fr the Prtecitn f Birds.


The text is mainly abut .


the rbin’s sngsB. the birds' habitat


C. why birds singD. hw t prtect birds








Nw, mre and mre cities are facing prblems, such as high husing csts, pllutin and crime.


Let’s see what peple in Hyderabad, India and in Sa Paul, Brazil d t slve (解决) the prblems.


Hyderabad, India


T imprve peple’s lives, Hyderabad is planting mre and mre trees. The city is even creating greener buildings that use less water and less electricity fr pwer. Adding green t a city has a number f advantages. Fr example, trees make the air cleaner. In Hyderabad, streets were grey and dirty in the past. Hwever, tday they are filled with trees and flwers, making the city cleaner and mre clurful. Green areas als give peple places t relax r exercise. A study in the USA shws an interesting thing: the greener a neighbrhd is, the less crime there is.


Sa Paul, Brazil


Many peple wrk in the centre f Sa Paul, but they dn’t live there. They’ve spread ut t neighbrhds utside the city because husing is cheaper. Every day, these peple travel int the city, and traffic is very heavy. City planners are using different ways t deal with( 处 理 ) the prblem. First,


they are building better subways. Anther gal is t make it cheaper fr peple t live in the dwntwn area(中心区). Ding this will reduce traffic and pllutin in the city.


What des the underlined wrd “greener” mean?


Taller.B. Easier.


C. Better fr the envirnment.D. Mre brightly clured.


Which advantage f making Hyderabad greener is NOT talked abut in the passage?


It helps peple wrk better.B. It makes the city cleaner.


C. It reduces crime.D. It makes it easier t exercise.


Accrding t the passage, what prblem des Sa Paul have?


A lt f peple dn’t have jbs.


T many peple live in the city centre.


A lt f peple are mving ut f the city.


T many peple travel int the city every day.


阅读综合。


A


Spiderman is ne f the mst famus cmic bk heres f all time. He was created by Stan Lee in 1963 and was first intrduced t the wrld in the pages f Marvel cmic bks.


Spiderman’s stry is the stry f Peter Parker, a child wh lst his parents and lives with his aunt and uncle. Peter is a shy, quiet by wearing glasses and has few friends. One day, n a high schl class trip t a science lab，he gets bitten by a special spider. Sn Peter realizes he has amazing pwers：he is as strng and quick as a spider and als has a type f sixth sense. He n lnger needs his glasses and he can use his super pwer t fly thrugh the city streets! Remembering smething his Uncle Ben has tld him, that “with great pwer, there must als cme great respnsibility(责任), ” Peter decides t use his pwers t fight enemies wh d cruel things t peple. And s, Spiderman is brn.


Life is nt easy fr Peter even thugh he is a superher. He is in lve with Mary Jane but cannt tell her abut his amazing pwers. Besides, his best friend Harry hates Spiderman! Peter is als shrt f mney and time. He has t sell phts f Spiderman (himself) t a newspaper and he keeps lsing his ther jbs because he’s s busy saving peple! Yet he has t fight different kinds f cruel enemies.


Wh created Spiderman?


Stan Lee.B. Marvel.C. Peter Parker.D. Superman.


What happened t Peter Parker after he was bitten by the spider?


He culd nt see with his eyes.B. He became a spider.


C. He develped spider-like pwers.D. He was sick.


What des “with great pwer, there must als cme great respnsibility” mean?


Pwerful peple can d whatever they like.


Peple with pwer are always gd.


Pwerful peple shuld have a respnsibility t d gd.


Pwerful peple are t blame fr all the bad things that happen.


In what areas des Peter have prblems that are similar t nrmal peple?


Mney, time, studying, reading.B. Mney, wrk, time, relatinships.


C. Relatinships, sprt, mney, wrk.D. Mney, wrk, time, sleep. B


When I was seven years ld my mm was diagnsed( 诊 断 ) with cancer. The dctrs tld us my mm might be saved with surgery(手术). But it culd als kill her. She chse t have it.


The day befre the surgery I was ff schl, and my mm planned the best day f my life, everything I lved at seven and everything that wuld put a smile n my face. The day began with her waking me up saying, “Kate, I have a surprise fr yu. Cme and see.” The surprise was a dll I had wanted fr the lngest time. Thrughut the day, she tld me everything that she thught I wuld need t knw t grw up and be a gd persn; she tld me t be the best I culd be and that I wuld always make her prud. We had a picnic in the park, and it was s cld that we mved t the car. The day was filled with laughter. Fr the first time in a lng time I culd see she was really happy. I wuld never frget her smile, r the way her eyes shne as if we were the same age. It was the best day f my life, and I will never frget the cnversatins we shared.


My mther managed t live thrugh the surgery. Nw when I lk back, I realize that the best day f my life culd be her last and this culd be the last day I wuld remember with her, the last ne we shared. I als understand hw unselfish a mther is.


Wh made the decisin t have the surgery in the stry?


The dctrs.B. The patient.C. The writer.D. The patient’s family.


What did the writer’s mther d the day befre the surgery?


She stayed at hme t have a gd rest.


She went t the dctr’s fr advice.


She turned t her family fr cmfrt.


She stayed all day with her child.


Why was the writer’s mther happy that day?


Because she left her child a special memry.


Because she realized her child had grwn up.


Because she was prud f what her child had dne.


Because she expected the surgery t be successful.


The underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggests that .


her mther was ill againB. the surgery was unsuccessful


C. her mther was getting betterD. the surgery was simple


Which f the fllwing wrds best describes the writer’s mther?


Hardwrking.B. Famus.C. Rich.D. Great.


C


Beauty: Fr lvers and fans f the arts. Beauty is a necessary magazine in yur spare time. It brings yu academic(学术的) articles written by internatinally famus schlars(学者), yet with easy-t- understand examples, as well as infrmatin n exhibitins and sales all ver the wrld.


Wrld Weekly: It gives yu a glbal view(视野、观点) with articles frm fur f the wrld’s mst famus newspapers. Read the news frm different views and draw yur wn cnclusins n the stries influencing ur wrld. Try it fr six mnths fr just $30. Besides, yu can get a free cpy f Wrld Weekly 2012.


New View: Full f excellent writing and phtgraphy, it cvers ne key subject each mnth, frm human rights t pverty(贫困) t envirnment. Reprts frm arund the wrld prvide yu with an all- sided wrld view. Besides, yu can be tld lts f fresh reprts and the latest stries n wrld events and activities.


The Week: It is the nly summary(摘要) giving yu the best f British and freign newspapers in just 35 pages. Designed t be read in just 1 hur. Try it nw with 13 cpies fr just $25. If yu decide it’s nt fr yu, just tell us within 3 weeks and yu can get yur mney back within 10 wrk days.


will prbably prvide yu with articles abut music and paintings.


New ViewB. WrldWeeklyC. BeautyD. The Week


If yu want t read Wrld Weekly, yu will prbably need t spend abut each week.


3.2 dllarsB. 2.1 dllarsC. 2 dllarsD. 1.2 dllars


Which f the fllwing is nt prbably included in New View?


A shrt statement f the main pints f the latest news in China Daily.


A discussin n water pllutin in India.


An article abut hungry children in Africa.


A reprt n medical care in China.


Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the ads abve?


Beauty is an English newspaper.


It takes an hur t read a cpy f The Week.


There aren't any pictures in New View.


Yu can get a free cpy f Wrld Weekly 2012 if yu like it.





【答案与解析】


真题演练。


【浙江杭州】


D。细节理解题。根据“…and he is the reasn I’m up s early”以及“…and then I hear a bird singing”可知，作者早起是为了听鸟儿的晨鸣，故选 D。


C。 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Mst f the sngbirds wh sing are males.”可知选 C。


A。 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“They want t find a female(雌性) s they sing t shw hw strng they are. The females listen and chse the best singer!”可知选 A。


B。推理判断题。根据第八段中的“Smetimes they cpy the sngs f ther birds. This makes it sund like there are many birds in that place already and ther males stay away.”可知选 B。


C。主旨大意题。文章主要通过 Jim Nightingale 回答作者的“S, why d they sing?”和“D the birds sing a special sng in the mrning?”两个问题解释了小鸟为什么会唱歌以及唱歌的高手会伪装成其他的鸟唱歌。由此可知选 C。


【天津】


C。推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“T imprve peple’s lives, Hyderabad is planting mre and mre trees.”可知答案选 C。


A。细节理解题。根据第二段的描述可知，B、C、D 三项都提到了，但并没有提到绿化Hyderabad 可以帮助人们工作得更好，所以 A 项错误，故选 A。


D。细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“Every day, these peple travel int the city, and traffic is very heavy.”可知，答案选 D。


阅读综合。


A 篇：


A。细节理解题。由第一段可知 Spiderman 在 1963 年由 Stan Lee 创造出来的人物。


C。细节理解题。通读第二段可知 Peter Parker 被蜘蛛螫过后，拥有了超凡的力量，变得强壮迅速，同时拥有第六感觉，不需戴眼镜就能看清，还能飞过城市的街道。


C。细节理解题。由第二段“Remembering smething his Uncle Ben has tld him，that“with great pwer，there must als cme great respnsibility(责任)，”Peter decides t use his pwers t fight enemies wh d cruel things t peple．”可知。


B。细节理解题。有文章最后一段可知，Peter 在拥有超凡的力量后同样面对金钱、工作、人际


关系、时间等问题。


B 篇：


B。 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知， 作者妈妈患了癌症，是妈妈自己决定选择手术治疗。


D。 细节理解题。根据第二段首句“The day befre the surgery I was ff schl, and my mm planned the best day f my life”可知作者妈妈在手术前一天和作者一起度过了最幸福的一天。3.A。 推理判断题。根据文章第三段，作者的妈妈在手术前一天有意安排要快乐地和作者度过那一天，以便给作者留下美好的记忆。


C。 句意理解题。根据“managed t live thrugh”意为“设法成功做成了某事”，可知妈妈的手术成功了，身体状况也就变好了。


D。 主旨归纳题。根据最后一句“I als understand hw unselfish a mther is”可知,作者是通过叙述这个不寻常的事件，来歌颂母爱的无私与伟大。


C 篇：


C。由 Beauty 中的“Fr lvers and fans f the arts.”以及“…as well as infrmatin n exhibitins and sales all ver the wrld.”可知答案为 C。


D。 由 Wrld Weekly 中的“Try it fr six mnths fr just $ 30.”可计算出，每星期大约需要花费


$ 1.2。


A。 通读 New View 中的描述,可推断答案为 A。


B。 由 The Week 中的描述“Designed t be read in just 1 hur.”可知 B 项说法正确。