高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 Environmental Protection学案

UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

1．starve vi.&vt. (使)挨饿；饿死→starvation n．饿死；挨饿；绝食

2．sustain vt.维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable adj.可持续的；合理利用的

3．comprehensive adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的→comprehension n．理解

4．frequent adj. 频繁的；经常的→frequently adv.频繁地；经常→frequency n．频率；频繁

5．restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚→restriction n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束→restrictive adj.限制的；限制性的；约束的

6．harmony n．协调；和睦；融洽；调和→harmonious adj.和谐的

7．origin n. 起源；开始→original adj.原始的；最初的；独创的；新颖的→originate vi.&vt. 起源；发源；创立

8．regular adj. 定期的；规律的→regularly adv. 定期地；规律地→regulation n. 章程；规章制度

9．inspect vt. 检查；查看；视察→inspection n. 检查；查看；视察

10．tolerate vt. 忍受；包容；容许→tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的→tolerance n. 宽容；容忍

1．release vt.&n.排放；释放；发布

①Firefighters took two hours to release the driver from the wreckage. 释放

②Under the agreement，releases of cancer­causing chemicals will be cut by about 80 percent.               排放

③He is releasing an album of love songs. 发布

2．seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制

①“Leigh，” he said，seizing my arm to hold me back.  抓住

②Troops have seized the airport and railway terminals(铁路枢纽).

  夺取

③UN officials say two military observers were seized by the Khmer Rouge yesterday.                控制

Words and Phrases

　starve vi.&vt. (使)挨饿；饿死

[教材原句P26] An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved and died.

一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从北极熊尸体的位置来看，北极熊似乎是饿死的。

[例1]　The new job doesn't pay as much but we won't starve!

新工作的工资不多，不过我们不至于挨饿！

[例2]　A number of the prisoners we saw are starving.

我们看到的一些囚犯快要饿死了。

[造句] 　如果你再浪费粮食，我就让你挨饿。

 If you waste any food again，I will starve you.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①The frontier station was starved for food and water.

②Whole communities starved to death during the long drought.

③She went on a starvation(starve) diet and ended up in hospital.

[小片段助记]

Mr.White earns only a little wage，so he starves for a job with better pay.You see，no one likes to starve to death.

　refer to查阅，参考；涉及，关于；提到，谈起，指的是；提交

[教材原句P26－27] The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short­wave radiation.

“自然”温室效应是指太阳产生的热量以短波辐射的形式进入大气并使地球表面变暖。

[例1]　I promised not to refer to the matter again.

我答应过不再提这事了。

[例2]　Please refer to the right­hand column of page 200 of this dictionary.

请参看这本词典第二百页右面一栏。

[造句] 　那句话与她无关。

That remark does not refer to her.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①Tom is going to refer the matter to the meeting.

②Qiao Feng is referred to as a big hero.

　be trapped in 被困在……中

[教材原句P27] When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels，more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly.

当人们通过燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时，更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。

[例1]　If the bus was trapped in the snow，there was virtually no way to evacuate those four kids.

如果公共汽车被困在暴风雪中，那么几乎没有方法使这四个孩子撤离。

[例2]　He was trapped in an unhappy marriage.

他陷入不幸的婚姻之中。

[造句] 　她被困在燃烧着的房子里了。

She was trapped in the burning house.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①I was trapped into telling(tell) the police all I knew.

②A lot of us fall into the trap of finding(find) happiness from the outside world.

[小片段助记]

The hunter set a trap which was used to trap the animal into moving into the trap.But the little boy fell into the trap by accident.

　 result in 导致；造成

[教材原句P27] Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long­lasting changes to the global climate.

温室气体排放量的持续增加将导致进一步变暖和全球气候的长期变化。

[例1]　Food allergies can result in an enormous variety of different symptoms.

食物过敏会引发很多不同的症状。

[例2]　These policies resulted in many elderly people feeling happy.

这些政策使得许多老人感到幸福。

[造句] 　当你有信心的去做某事，就会成功。

When you do something with faith，it will result in success.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①Children's fear and dislike of books may result from being made to read aloud before others.

②He was ill. As a result，he was late for class.

＝As a result of his illness，he was late for class.

　restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚

[教材原句P27] We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.

我们作为个人也可以通过限制我们生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。

[例1]　Having small children tends to restrict your freedom.

有年幼的孩子往往会限制你的自由。

[例2]　The long skirt restricted her movements.

长裙妨碍了她的行动。

[造句] 　不要限制她的适当的活动。

Don't restrict her proper activities.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①I restrict myself(me) to one cup of coffee a day.

②We restrict the number of students per class to 10.

③The park is open to the public without restriction(restrict)．

　seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制

[教材原句P27] It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming...

我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育大家认识全球变暖……

[例1]　She tried to seize the gun from him.

她试图抢夺他的枪。

[例2]　The army has seized control of the country.

军队已经控制全国。

[造句] 　这是我们要明智把握的一个共同机遇。

This is a joint opportunity that we are wise to seize.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①The troop seized the city by surprise before the enemies realised it.

②The little boy seized me by the arm to beg for some money.

③We seize on his remark and regard it as a promise.

　submit vt.&vi. 提交；呈递；屈服；顺从；认为

[教材原句P28] According to the report submitted by researchers，between 20 and 25 percent of all annual carbon dioxide emissions are caused by the destruction of tropical forests.

根据研究人员提交的报告，每年20%至25%的二氧化碳排放量是由热带森林的破坏造成的。

[例1]　Completed projects must be submitted by 10 March.

完成的方案必须在3月10日前提交上来。

[例2]　But I cannot submit，I can become my own master.

但我并不会屈服的，我会成为自己的主人的。

[造句] 　被告律师认为这一证据不可采纳。

Counsel for the defence submitted that the evidence was inadmissible.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①He submitted the report on the matter to the committee.

②We'll submit ourselves(us) to the court's judgement.

③I submit that the terms are entirely unreasonable.

[小片段助记]

The general had to submit the agreement to the enemies.That is to say，he submitted to them.

Sentence Patterns

　There is little doubt that...

[教材原句P26]There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.

毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越暖和。

句式分析：There is little/no doubt that...毫无疑问……；doubt后面用that引导同位语从句；当doubt用于否定句和疑问句时，后面的从句用that引导；用于肯定句时，后面的从句用whether引导。

[例1]　There is no doubt that it was a strange and interesting situation.

毫无疑问，那是一个奇怪而有趣的局面。

[例2]　There is no doubt at all that we did the right thing.

毫无疑问，我们做得对。

[造句] 　他是否会来帮助我们还有些疑虑。

There is some doubt whether he will come to help us.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①I don't doubt that he will succeed.

②I doubt whether/if we will make a profit out of it.

③There is some doubt whether she will come on time.

　not only...but also...

[教材原句P27]There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives.

有确凿而全面的证据表明，气温上升导致全球极端天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，而且造成人员伤亡。

句式分析：句中的not only...but also...表示“不但……，而且……”，连接并列的句子结构。

[例1]　Air not only occupies space，but it also has weight.

空气不仅占据空间，而且它还具有重量。

[例2]　Shakespeare was not only a writer but also an actor.

莎士比亚不仅是一个作家，还是一个演员。

[造句] 　老工人对青年工人不仅言传而且身教。

The old workers instruct the young workers not only in words but in deeds.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①Not only the students but also the teacher was(be) invited.

②Not only are you funny，but also you are witty (机智的)．

③Not only you but also she has(have) to attend the ceremony.

Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，which has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man­made” greenhouse effect.

[分析]　句中的“called the ‘greenhouse effect’”是过去分词短语作定语，修饰process；which引导非限定性定语从句。

[翻译]　气候学家经常提到一个关键的过程，叫作“温室效应”，它有两个共同的含义：“自然”温室效应和“人为”温室效应。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Not only he but also we are(be) interested in football.

2．I doubt whether they are not cheating people into making the bargain sale.

3．Drought has left more than two million people close to starvation(starve)．

4．The teacher referred(refer) to in my last letter has gone abroad.

5．The old man was trapped into buying(buy) a second­hand TV set.

6．The speech has resulted in a firestorm of controversy.

7．Discipline problems are by no means restricted to children in families dependent on benefits.

8．Before he could run away，she seized him by the collar.

9．He has submitted himself(him) a search by the guard.

10．When molten(melt) steel cools，it changes into a solid.

Ⅱ.短语填空

starve to death；refer to；be trapped in；take action；result in；submit to

1．This resulted in a considerable loss to the exchequer(财政部)．

2．Luckily，he was not murdered，but trapped in the elevator for days.

3．Study the example and refer to the explanation below.

4．Tens of thousands of people starved to death because of the civil war.

5．The heroic people will never submit to foreign rule.

6．They took action to speed the new law through Parliament(国会)．

Ⅲ.课文语法填空

What is causing the increase in the 1.global(globe) average surface temperature? Climate scientists think it is the greenhouse effect，2.which includes “natural” and “man­made”，3.that matters. The “man­made” greenhouse effect has become 4.a big problem. People produce huge amounts of greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels，5.leaving(leave) more heat energy 6.trapped(trap) in the atmosphere. The rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural 7.disasters(disaster). Appropriate actions should be taken 8.to prevent(prevent) it. 9.Otherwise there will be a higher price to pay. Governments should make policies and take measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and individuals can also make a 10.difference(different) by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce.