统考版2021高考英语二轮专题复习40分阅读理解提分练六含解析新人教版20201209248

这是一份统考版2021高考英语二轮专题复习40分阅读理解提分练六含解析新人教版20201209248，共7页。
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
[2020·河北省高三年级名校联考]The Phtgrapher f the Year cntest (比赛), supprted by cmpanies in varius fields, is based in the UK and attracts wrldwide phtgraphy lvers. Thugh the first award was given ut in 1965, the fficial cntest didn't really start until 2015. With wnderful pictures frm thusands f phtgraphers, the 2020 cntest rewarded its winners in February.
Octpus (章鱼) Training
This pht was taken by Pasquale Vassall f Italy and wn in the grup f “Behavir”. Vassall said when he came up after a dive, he nticed a sccer ball flating n the surface. When he checked it ut, he witnessed a rare scene — an ctpus hanging frm the ball. He didn't understand what the ctpus was ding, but wndered if it was training fr the Wrld Cup.
Lemn Shark Nursery
Taken by Anita Kainrath f the Bahamas, it shws yung sharks swimming arund in the prtectin f a beautiful thick frest. Kainrath said she spent nearly an hur standing in knee­high water being bitten by msquites t get her picture, which wn the Up & Cming Phtgrapher f the Year 2020 award.
Angry Seahrse
Thugh Rman Luc f Belgium didn't win the “Prtrait” categry, his pht, titled “Angry Seahrse”， is quite striking. The clse­up sht f a seahrse staring int the camera was named the runner­up. Mr. Luc said that after first hearing abut the seahrse, he went lking fr it every week fr tw mnths befre finally finding it.
Last Dawn, Last Gasp
Vassall als tk the prize in the “Marine Cnservatin” divisin with Last Dawn, Last Gasp, an apprpriately breathtaking sht f a tuna fish trapped in a net, struggling in vain t escape. T take this pht, Vassall went diving with sme lcal fishermen and fllwed the path f the fishing nets frm the bttm t the surface.
1．Which picture f the fllwing was taken by chance?
A．Angry Seahrse. B．Lemn Shark Nursery.
C．Octpus Training. D．Last Dawn, Last Gasp.
2．What d the pictures all fcus n?
A．Creatures under water.
B．Animals in danger.
C．Prtectin f the envirnment.
D．Lss f bidiversity.
3．What can we knw abut the cntest?
A．It became well­knwn in 2015.
B．It is spnsred by phtgraphy lvers.
C．Its prizes are awarded in February each year.
D．Its phts are judged in categries.
B
[2020·贵州普通高等学校招生适应性测试]The shadw play is a typical traditinal entertainment that has survived and thrived ver the centuries. It is taken as an earliest ancestr f mdern cinema.
Legend has it that mre than 2,000 years ag, Emperr Wu f Han was very depressed abut the death f his favrite cncubine (妃子). T help him get ver his sadness, a minister made a puppet ut f cttn and silk in the likeness f the cncubine and prjected its shadw n a curtain fr the emperr t see. The shw brught the emperr sme cmfrt. He smehw believed the shadw was his lver's spirit. This is thught t be the beginning f the shadw play.
One muth tells stries f thusands f years; a pair f hands perate millins f sldiers. This is hw the shadw puppeteer wrks. Nicknamed “the business f the five”， a shadw play grup is made up f five peple. One perates the puppets, ne plays a suna and a yueqin, ne plays the banhu, ne is in charge f percussin (打击乐器) instruments, and ne sings.
During perfrmances, “actrs” are held clse t a white curtain with their clred shadws cast n it by a strng light frm behind. The peratr plays five puppets at the same time, each f which has three threads. Ten fingers handle fifteen threads. Mved by guiding sticks, the puppets play rles with musical accmpaniment. The ppularity f the shadw play in sme way lies in the equipment being light and easy t carry, the small number f peple needed fr a perfrmance, and the flexible requirements fr perfrmance places. The plays can be quite dramatic and, when it cmes t myths r kung fu stries, the “actrs” may be made t ride n cluds r perfrm unusual feats, t the great enjyment f the audience, especially children.
The design f the figures fllws traditinal mral evaluatin. The audience can tell a figure's character by seeing his mask. Like the masks in Beijing pera, a red mask represents lyalty and bravery, a black mask, integrity (正直) and selflessness, and a white ne, wickedness and betrayal.
Nwadays, the shadw play has been industrialized and develped a series f turist prducts fr the prmtin f Chinese culture and turism.
4．What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A．A lve stry f Emperr Wu f Han.
B．Hw t please an emperr.
C．The rigin f the shadw play.
D．Hw t make a cttn puppet.
5．Accrding t the authr, the audience may take great pleasure ________.
A．when rles are played withut music
B．because the equipment is light t carry
C．when the puppets give lively perfrmances
D．because the number f the peratrs is small
6．What is the best title fr the text?
A．The Rapid Develpment f Beijing Opera
B．Shadw Puppetry: A Traditinal Art
C．The Business f the Five: A Shadw Play Grup
D．Traditinal Characters and Masks in Beijing Opera
7．What is the authr's attitude twards the future f the shadw play?
A．Negative. B．Dubtful.
C．Psitive. D．Uncncerned.
C
[2020·济南市高三年级学习质量评估]Slthurn is a picturesque twn in the nrthwest f Switzerland knwn primarily fr its clsest relatin with the number eleven. It seems like everything in this place was designed arund this magical number, frm the fact that there are precisely eleven churches, as well as eleven histrical funtains, eleven museums and eleven twers, t the unusual clck in the twn square that features an eleven­hur dial and the number twelve missing.
Althugh nearly everyne in Slthurn knws abut the twn's bsessin with the number eleven, the rigin f that is cvered in mystery. The first mentin f eleven in Slthurn's histry dates back t 1252, when eleven members were first elected fr the twn's cuncil. Anther great example f Slthurn's bsessin with the number eleven is the magnificent Cathedral f St. Ursus. Designed by Italian architect Gaetan Matte Pisni, it was built in eleven years. It features three sets f steps, each numbering eleven rws, eleven drs, eleven bells and eleven altars (祭坛), ne f which is made ut f eleven different types f marble. Interestingly, the altars can be viewed at the same time frm nly ne place in the cathedral, the eleventh black stne in the lng central part.
The peple f Slthurn als shw an intense interest in the number eleven in their daily life. There are special celebratins held n eleventh birthdays, and there are lcal prducts and businesses that include the special number. There is “Öufi­Bier” (Beer eleven), “eleven­i Schklade”(eleven­Chclate), and even “öufiyga”(eleven 'clck yga). The mysterius relatinship between Slthurn and the number has becme ne f the twn's primary turist attractins, and there is even a themed tur abut the number eleven.
8．What is mainly discussed abut Slthurn in Paragraph 1?
A．Its unique designs.
B．Its cultural rigin.
C．Its natural attractins.
D．Its cnnectin with nature.
9．What des the underlined wrd “that” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．The number eleven.
B．The city f Slthurn.
C．Slthurn's lve fr eleven.
D．The histry f Switzerland.
10．What is the Cathedral f St. Ursus like?
A．Its steps cntain 33 rws in all.
B．Its drs are made ut f marble.
C．It has eleven bells n each step.
D．It has eleven altars in the center.
11．What d we knw abut the peple f Slthurn?
A．They attach great imprtance t turism.
B．They bring number eleven t daily life.
C．They lead a busy but cmfrtable life.
D．They are expert at designing prducts.
D
[2020·武汉市高中毕业生6月供题]GPS has cmpletely transfrmed hw we get arund. But ther animals have lng had their navigatin (导航) systems built right in — like ants and bees.
“We knw their eyes are quite sensitive t plarized light (偏振光), and the sky has a particular pattern f plarized light, cnnected with the psitin f the sun，” said Barbara Webb, a birbticist at The University f Edinburgh. Yu can see plarized light first­hand if yu take a pair f plarized sunglasses and spin them against the sky — the light passing thrugh the lenses changes. Webb says the insects have plarizatin like that built int flat sides f their cmpund eyes. “Yu can think f it as the equal f having a little plarizatin directinal filter (过滤器) ver them r lts f sunglasses pinted in different directins.”
But Webb was curius abut whether there's really enugh infrmatin in the sky t give insects an accurate sense f directin. S her team built a sensr mdeled after a desert ant eye and put it under artificial light meant t simulate the sky. They then fed that sensr input int a mdel meant t cpy the brains f desert ants and ther insects with a sky cmpass. And they fund that with the insects' natural sensing and prcessing equipment, they can likely sense cmpass directin dwn t just a cuple degrees f errr.
A system based n that f insects culd smeday be a cheap, lw­energy alternative t GPS. “Insects have very tiny brains that are using hardly any energy. And yet they're still able t navigate better than we can with GPS, which is a huge system.” Webb is nw wrking n building a rbt that can, like the desert ant, use light t get its directin. Althugh after sundwn, it may have t ask fr directins.
12．What make (s) it pssible fr ants and bees t sense the directin?
A．Flat eyes. B．Plarizatin.
C．A directinal filter. D．Plarized sunglasses.
13．Why did Webb and her team build a sensr?
A．T cpy the brains f desert ants.
B．T simulate the desert ant eye.
C．T satisfy their desire fr answers.
D．T test an accurate sense f directin.
14．What is the future navigatin system suppsed t d?
A．T save energy.
B．T be a substitute fr GPS.
C．T guide the blind.
D．T help GPS wrk better.
15．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T intrduce an inventin.
B．T praise a scientific achievement.
C．T present new scientific findings.
D．T encurage peple t learn science.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2020·福州市高中毕业班质量检测]N ne has yet prved a cnnectin between napping (小睡) and prfessinal success, but an interesting study published this week claims t find a link between the daytime nap and gd health. Dr. Andrniki Naska and Dr. Dimitris Trichpuls frm Harvard's Schl f Public Health fllwed ver 23,000 Greek patients fr an average f six years. __16__
The study fund that the grup f adults wh tk a 30­ minute nap at least three times a week had a third fewer deaths frm heart disease than an equivalent grup wh did nt sleep at all during the day. __17__ It was als greater fr wrking males than fr thse wh had retired. Hwever, a number f previus studies dne in the Mediterranean, where naps remain cmmn, have cme up with cnflicting results, but Dr. Naska and Dr. Trichpuls argue that thse studies have ften been flawed (有缺陷的). __18__ They may have benefited mre frm napping than healthy individuals d.
Given that all f the subjects f this new study were Greeks, culd the much celebrated Mediterranean diet deserves credit, rather than the naps? __19__ And he is in a gd psitin t say s, fr it was he wh did the pineering research that put live il and a plant­based diet n the scientific map in the first place. __20__ The earlier findings abut the benefits f the Mediterranean diet are cnfirmed, he says, and napping seems t help n tp f that.
A．The firm answer frm Dr. Trichpuls is “N”．
B．The benefit was greater fr men than fr wmen.
C．Their cnclusin: napping just might save yur life.
D．Sme studies have shwn that diet is relevant t naps.
E．Fr example, the subjects in sme had survived heart attacks.
F．Thse with heart attacks are als less likely t take naps during the day.
G．His study was cntrlled fr diet, smking, exercise and ther relevant factrs.
40分阅读理解提分练(六)
第一节
A
语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会——摄影技术——摄影大赛优秀作品
[文章大意] 文章介绍了2020年摄影大赛的几幅优秀作品。
1．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据Octpus (章鱼) Training部分中的“Vassall said when he came up after a dive, he nticed a sccer ball flating n the surface. When he checked it ut, he witnessed a rare scene — an ctpus hanging frm the ball”可知，Vassall是无意中拍摄到这张照片的。
2．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。该题考生要通读全文才能得出答案。从对四幅获奖作品的描述来看，这些照片的聚焦点都是水下生物——章鱼、鲨鱼、海马和金枪鱼。
3．答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。从四幅获奖作品来看，他们所获奖项的类别不同，比如Octpus Training获得的奖项类别是“Behavir”；Lemn Shark Nursery获得的奖项类别是“the Up & Cming”，Angry Seahrse获得的奖项类别是“Prtrait”，Last Dawn, Last Gasp则属于“Marine Cnservatin”范畴。由此可知，大赛作品评奖是按类别进行的。
B
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——传统文化——皮影戏
[文章大意] 本文主要介绍了中国传统民间艺术——皮影戏，重点介绍了一个有关皮影戏起源的故事、皮影戏的表演特点及其发展现状。
4．答案与解析：C 考查段落大意。通读第二段的内容，尤其是最后一句“This is thught t be the beginning f the shadw play”可知，该段主要介绍了皮影戏的起源。故C项正确。
5．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第四段尾句可知，当表演神话和武打故事时，“演员”会表演惊人的技艺，这会给人留下深刻的印象，使观众特别是孩子们获得极大的快乐，故C项正确。
6．答案与解析：B 考查标题判断。通读全文可知，第一段第一句给出了本文要介绍的话题；又结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国传统民间艺术——皮影戏，重点介绍了一个有关皮影戏起源的故事以及皮影戏的表演特点等。故B项最适合作本文标题。
7．答案与解析：C 考查观点态度。根据文章尾句“Nwadays, the shadw play has been industrialized and develped a series f turist prducts fr the prmtin f Chinese culture and turism”可知，如今，皮影戏已经工业化，并开发了一系列的旅游产品，以推广中国文化和旅游业。据此可以推知，作者对皮影戏的未来持积极乐观的态度，故C项正确。
C
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——建筑与数字——Slthurn这座城市里的人对数字11的喜爱
[文章大意] 文章介绍了Slthurn这个地方的人们对数字11(eleven)的喜爱。
8．答案与解析：A 段落大意题。根据第一段内容尤其是本段第二句中的“It seems like everything in this place was designed arund this magical number, frm the fact that”可知，第一段主要讲述了Slthurn 的城市布局、建筑等的设计都与数字11有关。由此可知，文章第一段讲述的是Slthurn独特的设计。故选A。
9．答案与解析：C 指代判断题。根据关键句“Althugh nearly everyne in Slthurn knws abut the twn's bsessin with the number eleven, the rigin f that is cvered in mystery.”(第二段第一句)可知，that指代句子前半部分中的“the twn's bsessin with the number eleven”，即镇上的人对数字11的痴迷。故选C。
10．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据关键句“It features three sets f steps, each numbering eleven rws, eleven drs, eleven bells and eleven altars (祭坛), ne f which is made ut f eleven different types f marble.”(第二段第五句)可知，教堂有三组台阶，每组有11级台阶。由此可知，教堂共有33级台阶。故选A。
11．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据关键句“The peple f Slthurn als shw an intense interest in the number eleven in their daily life.”(第三段第一句)以及其后的“special celebratins”与“lcal prducts and businesses”可知，Slthurn的人们已经将数字11融入了他们的日常生活之中。故选B。
D
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——研究发现——昆虫的“导航系统”
[文章大意] 文章介绍了新的科学发现——一些昆虫可以通过偏振光来分清自己前进的方向；研究人员根据昆虫的这一特征而制作了装置并发现使用这样的装置能很好地识别方向。
12．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Webb says the insects have plarizatin like that built int flat sides f their cmpund eyes”和“having a little plarizatin directinal filter (过滤器) ver them r lts f sunglasses pinted in different directins”可知，是偏振让蚂蚁和蜜蜂能够感知方向。故选B。
13．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句“But Webb was curius abut whether there's really enugh infrmatin in the sky t give insects an accurate sense f directin”可知，Webb对天空中是否真的有足够的信息，能给昆虫提供准确的方向感感到好奇，所以她和她的团队制作了一个传感器进行研究。故选C。
14．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第四段第一句“A system based n that f insects culd smeday be a cheap, lw­energy alternative t GPS”可知，基于昆虫的特征而建立的系统将来可能会成为GPS的一种廉价、低能耗的替代品。故选B。
15．答案与解析：C 考查写作意图。通读全文可知，本文主要是围绕新的科学发现——一些昆虫可以通过偏振光来分清自己前进的方向来讲的。由此可知，本文的目的在于呈现新的科学发现。故选C。
第二节
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——科学研究——白天小憩与健康之间有一定的关联
[文章大意] 一项有趣的研究表明，白天小憩和良好的健康之间有一定的关联。本文介绍了该研究的相关内容。
16．答案与解析：C 本空是段尾句，承接上文表述的一项有趣的研究称发现了白天小憩与良好的健康之间有一定的关联。故C项与此处匹配。
17．答案与解析：B 根据空后一句“It was als greater fr wrking males than fr thse wh had retired”可知，选项B的结构和内容与之呼应，所以选B项。
18．答案与解析：E 根据空前一句中的“thse studies have ften been flawed (有缺陷的)”，并结合空后一句“They may have benefited mre frm napping than healthy individuals d”可知，此处应是具体说明其他研究的缺陷之处，故E项符合语境，承上启下。
19．答案与解析：A 承接空前的问句可知，空处应是对空前的问句的回答，故A项符合语境，与下文相衔接。
20答案与解析：G 与前一句中的“it was he wh did the pineering research”呼应可知，该空陈述的应是其研究的相关内容，结合选项和上下文可知，选项G符合语境，所以选G项。