统考版2021高考英语二轮专题复习专题能力提升练十五推理判断题_文章出处类含解析新人教版20201209296

这是一份统考版2021高考英语二轮专题复习专题能力提升练十五推理判断题_文章出处类含解析新人教版20201209296，共4页。

[2020·普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(模拟卷)] Organic fd is very ppular. It is als expensive. Sme rganic fd csts twice as much as nn­rganic fd, but new parents and pet wners are willing t pay up t 200% mre fr rganic fd. Hwever, there are peple wh think it is a waste f mney.
There is ne main difference between rganic and nn­rganic fd. Organic farms d nt use agricultural chemicals, such as pesticides (杀虫剂). In many cuntries rganic fds have special labels. These guarantee that the prducts are natural.
Sme peple think rganic means lcally grwn. Originally this was true. Over time rganic farming became mre difficult. The demand fr rganic fd grew larger than the supply. Small cmpanies had t sell ut t large cmpanies. There weren't enugh rganic ingredients(原料), such as grain and cattle. This made it difficult fr many rganic cmpanies t stay in business. Tday, many large cmpanies have an rganic line f prducts.
Is rganic fd mre nutritius? This is part f the debate. Many farmers and cnsumers believe it is. They think agricultural chemicals cause health prblems such as cancer. Many health prfessinals disagree. Few studies prve that rganic fds prevent health prblems. Health specialists wrry mre abut bacteria(细菌) ，such as E. cli and salmnella. These can get int cntact with rganic and nn­rganic fd. Dctrs recmmend washing prduce very carefully. Handling meat carefully is imprtant t.
Mst peple agree that naturally grwn fd tastes better. Is tastier fd wrth the extra mney? This is a matter f pinin. Whether it is healthier r nt may require mre research. Hwever, rganic cnsumers argue that it is better t be safe than srry.
1．What is prbably the majr cncern f rganic fd cnsumers?
A．Price. B．Safety.
C．Freshness. D．Variety.
2．What is the dctrs' suggestin?
A．Grw yur wn fd.
B．Reduce the use f pesticides.
C．Make sure the fd is clean.
D．Buy large cmpanies' prducts.
3. Which f the fllwing d mst peple agree n rganic fd?
A．It tastes better. B．It is easier t grw.
C．It cntains mre fat. D．It is mre nutritius.
4．Where des this text prbably cme frm?
A．A recipe bk. B．A chemistry paper.
C．A medical reprt. D．A health magazine.
B
[2020·陕西省百校联盟第一次模拟] We all knw the feeling f waking up in the middle f the night with a punding heart and sweaty palms. Relax, yu say t yurself—it was just a bad dream. Well, it may be that yu really shuld relax, because nightmares might actually be gd fr yu.
Accrding t New Yrk magazine, bad dreams can imprve yur mental health. A bad dream tends t be based n a real­life cncern, fr example, an appraching test r a fear f a persn. T eliminate these wrries the brain turns the dream int a stry in the frm f a bad dream.
A bad dream enables yu t distance yurself frm yur anxieties, and turn smething yu're wrried abut nw int a memry. The result is that when yu wake up yu're able t mve frward and face the future.
A study, featured in The Atlantic magazine, shwed smething similar. In a survey f mre than 700 French students taking a medical schl entrance exam, ver 60 percent had negative dreams abut the test the night befre. These included nt finishing n time, leaving a questin blank, r being late. Thse wh reprted dreams abut the exam, even bad nes, did better n it than thse wh didn't, suggesting that nightmares d in fact prepare us fr the future.
“We think nightmares are s cmmn that they have sme purpse t prcess stressrs，” Anne Germain, directr f the Sleep Center at the University f Pittsburgh, said.
S, the next time yu lie awake at night after a bad dream, remember that it may be the brain's way f putting yur fears behind yu and readying yu fr the future. Althugh a nightmare may make yu afraid in the shrt term, it might be helping yu t mve n frm the bad stuff yu might be facing in the real wrld. Perhaps we shuld try t accept ur nightmares rather than allw them t keep us awake, After all, lack f sleep causes far mre prblems than dreams d.
5．Which f the fllwing best explains “eliminate” in Paragraph 2?
A．Remve. B．Reflect.
C．Satisfy. D．Strengthen.
6．Why des the authr mentin the study in the furth paragraph?
A．T shw medical schl entrance exams will cause anxiety.
B．T shw thse wh have nightmares will d wrse in an exam.
C．T shw mst f the students will be stressed befre an exam.
D．T shw nightmares help students perfrm better in an exam.
7. Accrding t the authr, what shuld we d if we have a bad dream ?
A．We shuld keep urselves awake.
B．We shuld relax and g n sleeping.
C．We shuld study bad dreams carefully.
D．We shuld prevent it frm happening.
8．Where is this text mst likely frm?
A．A diary. B．A guidebk.
C．A nvel. D．A magazine.
C
[2020·绵阳市第一次诊断考试]Wheat is a main surce f fd fr peple acrss the planet, accunting fr a fifth f the calries cnsumed glbally. But as a result f climate change，scientists believe mst parts f the wrld where the crp is grwn will be hit by water shrtages by the end f the century. And the U. S. culd be amng the cuntries wrst affected，the authrs f the research published in the jurnal Science Advances tld Newsweek.
If climate change isn't dealt with，by the year 2100, 60 percent f areas that grw wheat will be hit by water scarcity—up frm the current level f 15 percent, accrding t the internatinal team f scientists.
C­authrs Mirslav Trnka and Sng Feng tld Newsweek that in their previus research，they had shwn climate change may cause sil t becme less mist (湿润的) acrss mst mainland U. S. states，including thse where wheat is grwn. As a result，the U．S. culd be “ne f the tp mst affected wheat prducers” in terms f the increase in areas affected by severe drughts，they said in a jint statement.
Wrryingly，existing research has predicted a 4.0 t 6.5 percent drp in glbal wheat prductin per 1 degree Celsius f warming if climate change isn't eased. And it's unlikely that wheat can be replaced if water becmes scarce，as it's nt as thirsty as ther crps and can d withut water fr a relatively lng perid f time.
“If multiple regins are affected by drught at the same time，it might be difficult t meet the demand even if the trade rutes stay pen and are nt restricted by gvernmental measures，” warned Feng and Trnka. Hwever, they said, “Studies shw that if we cntinuusly imprve the sustainability and technlgies in the cming decades and allw fr internatinal trade, we may vercme the negative impacts f climate change.”
9．Hw will climate change hurt wheat prductin?
A．By lwering the temperature.
B．By reducing the water supply.
C．By plluting the sil.
D．By flding the field.
10. What can we learn frm Paragraph 3?
A．Wheat prductin caused drughts in mst mainland U. S. states.
B．The United States is the biggest wheat prducer in the wrld.
C．The United States will suffer a lt frm climate change.
D．Climate change is clsely watched by American scientists.
11．Why is wheat unlikely t be replaced by ther crps in a drught?
A．It is the primary fd fr mst cuntries.
B．It is nt influenced by glbal warming.
C．It is widely grwn in mst cuntries.
D．It needs less water than ther crps.
12．In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear?
A．Health. B．Science.
C．Educatin. D．Entertainment.
专题能力提升练十五 推理判断题
——文章出处类A
语篇类型：议论文 主题语境：人与社会——健康与安全——有机食品
[文章大意] 有机食品很受欢迎，但价格也相对昂贵。一些人愿意为此支付高额的费用，也有一些人认为这是在浪费钱财。
1．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Organic farms d nt use agricultural chemicals”和第四段中的“They think agricultural chemicals cause health prblems such as cancer”可知，有机食品不使用农药，许多消费者认为农药会引起健康问题，故可推知购买有机食品的消费者主要关心的是安全问题。
2．答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Dctrs recmmend washing prduce very carefully. Handling meat carefully is imprtant t”可知，医生建议要保证食品是干净的。
3．答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Mst peple agree that naturally grwn fd tastes better”可知，大多数人认为有机食品尝起来味道更好。
4．答案与解析：D 考查文章出处。通读全文可知，本文主要在探究有机食品是否更安全、更有营养，故可推知本文最可能选自健康杂志。
B
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——研究发现——噩梦的作用
[文章大意] 我们都有做噩梦的经历，都有过半夜醒来时心脏怦怦直跳、手心冒汗的感觉。但是研究发现，噩梦可能对我们有好处，噩梦可以改善我们的精神健康。
5．答案与解析：A 考查词义猜测。根据第三段第一句“A bad dream enables yu t distance yurself frm yur anxieties, and turn smething yu're wrried abut nw int a memry”可知，一个糟糕的梦能让你远离焦虑，把你现在担心的事情变成记忆。由此可推知，画线词的含义与“distance”的含义相近，故A项符合题意。
6．答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据第四段第一句“A study，featured in The Atlantic magazine，shwed smething similar”可知，该段提到的研究表明的内容与上文所述(噩梦改善你的精神健康，让你能够前进)有相似之处；根据第四段最后一句可知，那些报告梦到考试的人，即使是做噩梦的人，也比那些没有梦到的人做得更好，这表明噩梦确实使我们为未来做好准备。由此可推知，作者提到该研究的目的在于表明噩梦帮助学生在考试中表现得更好。故选D。
7．答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据第六段最后两句“Perhaps we shuld try t accept ur nightmares rather than allw them t keep us awake. After all，lack f sleep causes far mre prblems than dreams d”可知，作者认为，我们应该试着接受我们的噩梦，而不是让它们使我们保持清醒；毕竟，睡眠不足造成的问题比做梦多得多。由此可推知，我们做了噩梦应该放松并继续睡觉。故选B。
8．答案与解析：D 考查文章出处。文章属于说明文，介绍了关于噩梦的作用的研究，故本文最有可能出自科学类或健康类杂志。故选D。
C
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——气候与农业——气候变化导致小麦减产
[文章大意] 科学家认为由于气候变化，到本世纪末，世界上大部分种植小麦的地区将受到缺水的影响，而如果气候变化不得到缓解，全球小麦的产量将会减少。
9．答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句可知，由于气候变化，小麦种植地将受到缺水的影响，又根据第四段可知，缺水会影响小麦产量，故选B。
10．答案与解析：C 考查推理判断。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“the U．S.culd be‘ne f the tp mst affected wheat prducers’”可推知，美国将在气候变化中受到很大影响，故选C。
11．答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第四段最后一句可知，小麦不像其他作物那样那么需要水，在相当长的一段时间内没有水也能生存，因此小麦不太可能被其他作物取代，故选D。
12．答案与解析：B 考查文章出处。通读全文可知，这是一篇有关气候变化对小麦产量的影响的文章，由此可推知，本文可能出现在报纸的科学版块，故选B。