高中英语Unit 2 The United Kingdom教案设计

Period 6　Reading and Writing

The General Idea of This Period

In this period, teacher will help to train the students’ integrating skills, including reading, listening and speaking and writing skills.

Almost all the activities in this period are based on the story of Guy Fawkes’ planning to replace the then government.In the Reading part, the students should first learn about the story and the origin of the celebration.Then they will talk about the three main characters in the story.The students will finish this task in groups of four, with the fourth student acting as a witness.In this part, the students are asked to fully understand the main characteristics of the person that they choose to act.

In Listening part, the students can get more related background.They will do some true-or- false exercises, answer some questions and fill in the chart.Then the students will have a discussion in groups about the reasons for King James’ and Guy Fawkes’ actions.They should also choose one of them to feel sympathy for and find out the reasons.This step doesn’t only provide the students a chance to train their listening ability but also provide them knowledge about a particular celebration in the UK.Above all, the students are given the chance and topics to practice speaking and cooperating with others.

Then the students will choose one of the serious things in their lives.They should analyze the problems and put forward some suggestions to deal with the problems.They should write a letter to someone to ask for help.This part is just to train the students’ writing ability.

Teaching Important Points

Learn a passage about a particular celebration in the UK.

Train the students’ listening ability.

Teaching Difficulties

Train the students’writing ability.

Learn to find reasons for their choices.

Teaching Aids

a tape recorder 

a projector 

the blackboard 

Three Dimensional Teaching Aims

Knowledge Aims

 Learn a passage about a particular celebration in the UK.

Learn the background of the celebration.

Ability Aims

Train the students’ listening ability.

Train the students’ speaking ability.

Train the students’ writing ability.

Learn to find reasons for their choices.

Emotional Aims

Learn to cooperate with others.

Learn to support justice.

Learn to feel sympathy for the weak.

Teaching Procedure

Step 1 Greetings

Teacher greets the students as usual.

Step 2 Revision

T: In the last period, we learned the past participle used as the object complement.Can you tell me the basic structure?

S: have/get/find/see/feel/notice/hear/etc +object +past participle 

T: You are right.So let’s first check your homework on Page 51.I will ask one of you to read the passage.

(One student reads the passage.)

(Teacher corrects the mistakes if there are any.)

T: We also compared the present participle and the past participle.Can you tell me the differences between them?

S: They are different when they are used as the attributive, object complement, predicate and adverbial.

T: Yes.I also gave you some sentences to finish.Now let’s check your answers.

Ss: 1) caught 　

2) seated 　

3) being taken 　

4) to have made 　

5) heated 

6) to write 　

7) Compared

8) to leave

T: You did a very good job.

Step 3 Reading

T: When talking about a country, besides its geography, historical attractions and leaders, what should we also talk about?

S: Its people.

S: Its climate.

S: Its holidays.

S: ...

T: Yes.So now let’s talk about some British celebrations.Do you know any holidays in Britain?

S: New Year’s Day on January 1st.

S: Valentine’s Day celebrated on February 14th.

S: April Fools’ Day on April 1st.

S: ...

T: Yes, you know a lot of British holiday.But there is one celebration that happens only in Britain and nowhere else in the world.It is called Guy Fawkes Night or Bonfire Night.2005 is the 400th anniversary of the Gunpowder plot.Today we will learn about its origin.Look at a poster of the celebration first.

Bonfire Night

5th November

“Remember, remember,

the fifth of November,

Gunpowder, treason and plot.

We see no reason why

Gunpowder treason

Should ever be forgot!”

Words to Guy Fawkes rhyme

T: What information did you get from the poster?

S: The celebration takes place on November 5th.

S: It has something to with a person named Guy Fawkes.

S: People celebrate the day by letting off a lot of fireworks.

T: You are very clever.Now read the passage“A Particular British Celebration”on Pages 51-52 and try to fill in the following timeline.

(Students read the passage and try to finish the task.)

(Teacher asks one student to come to blackboard and fill in the timeline.)

(After several minutes, Teacher checks the answers with the class.)

T: Now read the passage again.This time, please pay special attention to the characters in the story.

(Students read the passage.)

T: What are the main characters in the story?

S: Guy Fawkes, Robert Catesby and King James.

T: Here is a picture of all the people that took part in the plan.

T: What did the main characters in the passage do in the story?Let’s talk about King James first.

S: King James of Scotland became king of England in 1603.He seemed happy to be friendly to both Catholics and Protestants and let them both practice Christianity in their own ways.Later he changed his mind.Before the opening of the Parliament he was told about Guy Fawkes’s plan and decided to search those cellars, where he discovered some gunpowder.He had Guy Fawkes killed at the Tower of London.Later he decided that he did not want his people to forget how close the government had come to disaster.So he made November 5th into a yearly celebration.

S: Guy Fawkes was one kind of Christian, a Catholic, but the government of England usually supported the Protestant cause.On October 10th, 1605 Robert Catesby asked him if he would support a plan to change the government and replace it with another that supported the Catholic cause.Fawkes agreed.Then they bought a house close to the Houses of Parliament and bought large containers of gunpowder and stored them in the cellar.He waited by the gunpowder to start the fire on November 6th, when the Parliament opened.But he was found by the soldiers sent by King James.Guy Fawkes was taken to the Tower of London to be killed.

S: Robert Catesby was Guy Fawkes’s friend.It was he that persuaded Fawkes to take part in the plan to replace the government.He bought the house and gunpowder with Fawkes.When King James sent the soldiers to search those cellars, he took flight and ran away.

T: Yes, these are the main things that they did.

Step 4 Group Work

(Teacher divides the whole class into groups of four.)

T: You are going to retell this story in a group.Decide whether you would like to be Guy Fawkes, Robert Catesby, King James or an eyewitness.Think about what your character would say or do.When you are ready, practice your speech so that you tell the story as a group.While doing this, remember to introduce your character and explain reasons for your behaviour.

(Students work in groups.Meanwhile, the teacher goes around the classroom and helps them solve any problem that they may have.)

(After a few minutes, the teacher asks one group to come to the front to demonstrate their story.)

Step 5 Listening

T: In order to know the related background better, we are going to do a listening test.First listen to the tape, and decide which sentences are true and which are false.Tick the correct boxes.

(Teacher plays the tape once and checks the answers with the whole class.)

(If possible, the teacher can ask the students to correct the wrong statements.)

T: Now discuss the following questions with a partner.

1.What was the King’s attitude to the Catholics?

2.Why did he change his mind?

3.What was the King’s attitude to the Protestants?

4.Why did Guy Fawkes and Catesby want to blow up the Houses of Parliament and kill the King?

5.What would you have done if you were the King?What would you have done if you were Guy Fawkes?

(Students discuss these questions in pairs.)

(Teacher checks the answers with the whole class.If the students make any mistakes, there is no need to correct them, because the students will listen to the passage again.)

T: Now listen to the tape again and fill in the chart.

(Teacher plays the tape for the students to listen and finish the task.If necessary, the teacher plays the tape again.)

(Teacher checks the answers with the whole class.)

Step 6 Speaking

T: Do you think Guy Fawkes or King James were right to behave the way they did?Discuss this problem in fours and make notes of your ideas.Then decide who gets your sympathy and give a reason.

T: The purpose of this exercise is to help you understand the story and then decide who you feel most sympathy for.There is no right or wrong answer.

T: Now I will ask some of you to show the class your ideas.While somebody is speaking, listen carefully and try not to repeat what has been said.Make your points clearly and speak loudly enough to be heard by everyone in the class.At the end of the discussion we will have a vote ot see whose idea is the best of all.

(Students work in groups of four.Meanwhile the teacher goes the classroom to help them solve any difficulties they may have.)

S: I sympathize with Guy Fawkes because King James had promised to treat the Catholics and Protestants equally, but later he broke his promise and treated the Catholics unfairly.Guy Fawkes wanted to replace the government not only for himself, but also for other Catholics.I think he was a hero.

Step 7 Writing

T: Is there anything at school or at home that you feel very strongly about?Make a list of things that you feel are important.Choose one you think is the most serious problem.Make a plan to try and solve it peacefully.Do it with your partner.

(Ss practice in pairs.)

(After several minutes.)

S: Problem: more and more serious air pollution

Reason: The main reason is that someone burns some plastics.They have got some wires and they want to get the copper core, so they burn the plastics outside.

My ideas for action: 

The government should take some measures to stop such kind of phenomenon.

These people should be told about the effect on the burning.

They should learn some skills to earn their living....

T: You are very good at observation.Now write a letter to draw attention to these problems and begin to solve them.Remember to begin your letter politely.Then explain the problem clearly and set your ideas to solve it.Finally, finish the letter politely.

(Students write the letter.Teacher goes around the classroom and deals with any difficulties.)

(After about ten minutes.)

T: Now who’d like to read your letter in front of the class?

S: Let me have a try.

S: Dear Sir or Madam, 

There is a very serious problem in my neighborhood.Every afternoon, there is a terrible smell in the air.People in my neighborhood even dare not open the windows.Later, we find some people are burning some plastics.They try to get some wires during the day, and burn the outside part of the wires in order to get the copper core to sell them.This is their way of earning some money.

I think the government mush pay special attention to this phenomenon.The smell from the burnt plastics is disgusting.It is very bad to people’s health.The government should take some measures to stop such phenomenon.In order to prevent these people from doing so, I think, people should also tell them about the effect of the burning.It’s also bad to their own health.And thirdly, these people should learn some skills to earn a living, instead of picking up rubbish and selling it.

Thank you for any help you can give.

Yours sincerely,

Jim

T: Excellent.

Step 8 Homework

T: After class go over what we have learned in the whole unit and get well prepared for a test tomorrow.

The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard

Unit 2　The United Kingdom

Period 6　Reading and Writing

Ⅰ.Homework

1.caught　2.seated　3.being taken　4.to have made　5.heated　6.to write　7.Compared　8.to leave

Ⅱ.Timeline

Research and Activities

Post-making

Do some research on the geography or history of the United Kingdom, or a European or African country.Make a poster or give a talk to the class on your research so that they can have the benefit of your work.Here are a few hints for drawing a successful poster.

·use bullet points to give information 

·write in phrases and not full sentences 

·divide your sheet of paper into three parts: 

the first part to give a short description of the country 

the second part to examine one particular aspect 

the third part to explain why you choose the country and what you learned 

Reference for Teaching

What do we do in England on November 5th?

Every year on 5th November, the anniversary of the Gunpowder Plot, Guy Fawkes is remembered.Throughout England, towns and villages light huge bonfires, let off magnificent fireworks, burn an effigy of Guy Fawkes and celebrate the fact the Parliament and James I were not blown sky high by Guy Fawkes.

As well as burning effigy of Guy Fawkes, the bonfires are used to cook potatoes wrapped in foil and heat up soup for the crowds that come to watch the fireworks.

In main town and cities, torch-lit processions are also popular on this night too.

During the days before Bonfire Night, children used to take their home-made guys out on the street and ask for“a penny for the Guy”for fireworks.

Also children, in some areas, blacken their faces as Guy Fawkes might have done when he plotted to blow up parliament.

Flaming Barrels

In Ottery St Mary, teams of stalwart men carry flaming tar barrels on their shoulders down the length of the town’s High Street.When one man’s 50-pound barrel gets too hot to handle, another man takes over—then another, and then another, until the flames die out and the barrel crumbles into ashes.

Food

Jacket potatoes are baked in the bonfire and eaten with a mug of hot soup.

Parkin Cake, a sticky cake, is traditionally eaten on this day.

There are many rhymes associated with the Gunpowder Plot.

Remember, remember the fifth of November

Gunpowder, treason and plot.

I see no reason, why gunpowder treason

Should ever be forgot.

Rumour, rumour, pump and derry, 

Prick his heart and burn his body, 

And send his soul to Purgatory.

Remember, remember, the fifth of November, 

Gunpowder, treason and plot!

A stick or a stake for King James’ sake

Will you please to give us a faggot

If you can’t give us one, we’ll take two; 

The better for us and the worse for you!

Some British Festivals and Holidays

What is the holiday?

1.It’s celebrated on January 1st.(New Year’s Day) 

2.It’s celebrated on the Tuesday 40 days before Easter.(Shrove Tuesday—Pancake Day) 

3.This festival is the first day of Lent, 40 days before Easter.(Ash Wednesday) 

4.It’s celebrated on February 14th.(Valentine’s Day) 

5.This solemn day is the Friday before Easter.(Good Friday) 

6.It’s celebrated on the first Sunday, after the first full moon, after March 21st.(Easter Sunday)

7.This festival is held on April 1st.(April Fools Day) 

8.This is a bank holiday held on May 1st.(May Day) 

9.This holiday used to be held 50 days after Easter but now it is held the last weekend of May.(Whitsun)

10.This celebration is held the second Saturday in June.(Trooping of the Colour) 

11.It’s celebrated on October 31st.(Halloween) 

12.It’s celebrated on November 5th.(Bonfire Night) 

13.This anniversary is held on November 11th or the next Sunday.(Remembrance Sunday)

14.It’s celebrated on December 25th.(Christmas) 

15.This holiday is held on December 26th.(Boxing Day)

Politics of the United Kingdom

The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, with executive power exercised by a government headed by the Prime Minister and the other Ministers of State who form the Cabinet.The cabinet is theoretically a subcommittee of the Privy Council, the ancient council that officially advises the monarch.Executive power is vested in the monarch, who serves as Head of State, but in reality Her (His) Majesty’s Government is answerable and accountable to the House of Commons, the lower and only directly elected house in Britain’s bicameral Parliament.

By constitutional convention, Ministers of State are chosen largely from among members of the Commons with a small number chosen from the mainly appointed upper house, the House of Lords.Ministers of State are automatically appointed to the Privy Council and have the ability to exercise to both prerogative and legislative powers.The Prime Minister is usually the leader of the largest party in the House of Commons and is commissioned by the monarch to form a government based on his or her ability to command the support of the Commons.The current Prime Minister is Tony Blair of the Labour Party, who has been in office since 1997.

The British system of government has been emulated around the world because of the United Kingdom’s colonial legacy.Nations that follow British-style parliamentarism, with an executive chosen from, and (theoretically) answerable to the legislature, are said to operate under the Westminster system of governance.

The current monarch is Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ who acceded to the throne in 1952 and was crowned in 1953.In the modern United Kingdom, the monarch’s role is mainly, though not exclusively, ceremonial.Her Majesty has access to all Cabinet papers and is briefed weekly by the Prime Minister.Constitutional writer Walter Bagehot asserted that the monarch had three rights: to be consulted, to advise and to warn.These rights are exercised rarely but have proved important at key times—such as when there is a“hungparliament”.Each year, normally in November, on the occasion of the State Opening of Parliament, the monarch officially opens Parliament, and makes a speech announcing what the government plans to do during the next year.

The monarch is an integral part of Parliament (as the“Crown-in-Parliament”) and theoretically gives Parliament the power to meet and create legislation.An Act of Parliament does not become law until it has been signed by the Queen (been given royal assent), although no monarch has refused to give royal assent to a bill that has been approved by Parliament since Queen Anne did so in 1708.The Queen also confers titles and honours to people who have rendered outstanding services to the country, as the Fount of Honour.

The monarch is the head of the executive, as well as being Head of State, and the British government is officially known as Her (His) Majesty’s Government of the United Kingdom.The Prime Minister, who is technically appointed by the Queen, is the head of the government.All foreign policy, such as the signing of treaties and the declaration of war, is done in Her Majesty’s name.The monarch is the Fount of Justice in the UK and all criminal cases are brought forward in the monarch’s name (“Rex versus”if a King, “Regina versus”if a Queen;  in Scotland, “His”or“Her Majesty’s Advocate v.”).The monarch is also the Commander-in-Chief of the British Armed Forces, known as Her (His) Majesty’s Armed Forces.

The monarchy’s popularity remains strong in the UK, despite a number of recent scandals and debates.It is felt by many in the UK that having a non-political person, despite achieving the position on hereditary principles, as Head of State is a better alternative to a political Presidential system.Currently, support for a republic is 23% (according to a recent poll by the Daily Telegraph).

The British monarch also reigns in 15 other sovereign countries that are known as the Commonwealth Realms.Although the UK has no political or executive power over these independent nations, it retains　influence, through long-standing close relations.In some Commonwealth Realms the Privy Council is the highest Court of Appeal.The monarch is forbidden to become or to marry a Roman Catholic by the Act of Settlement.

The Palace of Westminster, on the banks of the River Thames in Westminster, London, is the home of the House of Commons and the House of Lords Parliament is bicameral, composed of the 646-member elected House of Commons and the mainly appointed House of Lords.The House of Commons is more powerful than the House of Lords.Its 646 members are directly elected from single member constituencies, based on population, from the four parts of the United Kingdom.The House of Lords, also known as the Lords, has currently 706 members.None of these have been elected, and they are all either hereditary peers, life peers, or bishops of the Church of England.Historically, the House of Lords has featured members of nobility who were granted seats by nature of birthright, although this feature has been abolished.Furthermore, the House of Lords Act 1999 severely curtailed the number of the hereditary peers who could sit in the upper chamber—only 92 out of several hundred retain the right, by either being elected by their fellow peers or by holding either of the royal offices of Earl Marshal or Lord Great Chamberlain.Reforms of the House of Lords originally called for all of the hereditary peers to lose their voting rights, however a compromise was reached which will allow them to be gradually phased out.

The constitution of the United Kingdom is based on the principle that Parliament is the ultimate sovereign body in the country.The United Kingdom has been a centralised, unitary state for much of its history.However, there has long been quite a widespread sense of regional identity in the Celtic nations, which articulated itself politically in the 20th and 21th centuries.Throughout the late nineteenth century the UK debated giving Ireland home rule.Home rule was given to Northern Ireland in 1920: it was eventually abolished by London in 1972, after much civil strife.Referendums for devolved assemblies to Scotland and Wales failed to pass in 1979, but similar proposals were passed in referendums in 1998 in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.In 1999, the Scottish Parliament and the National Assembly for Wales were established, the former having primary legislative power.There is also a degree of regional identity in Cornwall, but much smaller than Scotland and Wales.A petition endorsing a devolved Cornish Assembly received 50 000 signatures (10% of the electorate), but the issue receives little attention in national politics or the media.

Regional Assemblies were proposed for North England, but after a referendum in the ‘North East’ region where 78% voted against the scheme, the plans for regional governments were abandoned.The Office of the Deputy Prime Minister stated, however, that“the Government continues to have a clear policy to decentralise power and improve performance through reform in local government and strengthening all the English regions.”Northern Ireland’s most recent attempt at home rule, with a directly elected power-sharing Assembly emerged from the Good Friday Agreement, but it is currently suspended.Unlike federalism, however, home rule parliaments have no constitutional status or rights to exist.They are created by Parliament and, as Northern Ireland experienced in 1972, can be abolished by Parliament.