2021年高考英语二轮复习课件：专题三 阅读理解 第三节 题组3

这是一份2021年高考英语二轮复习课件：专题三 阅读理解 第三节 题组3，共37页。
A(2017·河西区二模)Air pllutin is getting mre and mre serius in many places arund the wrld.The fact that public parks in cities becme crwded prves that peple lng t breathe in green，pen spaces.And，in these surrundings，they are generally bth peaceful and peaceable.It is rare t see peple being at dds r even fighting in a garden.It seems t be prved that if human beings can freely breathe and share air，there is n primary reasn fr them t struggle with ne anther.But d we nly sense what life culd be when we enjy green spaces?
The plant wrld silently shws us what a reflectin f life truthfully is.It als helps us t a new beginning，urging us t care fr ur breath.We must，in turn，care fr it，ppsing any srt f pllutin that destrys bth ur wrld and that f plants.The interdependence t which we must pay the clsest attentin is what exists between urselves and the plant wrld.Often described as “the lungs f the planet”，the wds that cver the earth ffer us the gift f breathable air by releasing xygen.But their capacity t renew the air plluted by industry has lng reached its limit.If we cntinue t pllute the air by filling it with chemicals and destry the ability f plants t restre it we will sn pull ur wrld int an unavidable disaster.
Humans must learn t share life，bth with each ther and with plants.This task can be carried ut nly when each takes it upn her- r himself and nly when all wrk tgether.The lessn taught by plants is that human life can nly exist with nature.We must cme t view the air，the plants and urselves as the cntributrs t the prtectin f life and grwth，rather than prductive bjects we can use and thrw away freely.Perhaps then we wuld finally begin t live，rather than merely survive.
语篇解读　本文主要讲了为了保护地球，我们应共同努力，和谐地与植物世界共享生活。
1.What des the underlined part “being at dds” mean?A.Relaxing. D.Cnflicting.
解析　词义猜测题。根据上一句中的“ are generally bth peaceful and peaceable.”可知，他们是和平的，因此很少看到有人争吵或打架等，因此猜测“being at dds”的意思为“起冲突”，故选D。
2.Accrding t the first paragraph，what des the authr suppse might be the primary reasn that peple wuld struggle with each ther?A.T get their share f clean pursue a cmfrtable gain a higher scial seek ecnmic benefits.
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“It seems t be prved that if human beings can freely breathe and share air，there is n primary reasn fr them t struggle with ne anther.”可知，如果人们能自由地呼吸到新鲜空气，就没理由跟别人争斗，故选A。
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“The interdependence t which we must pay the clsest attentin is what exists between urselves and the plant wrld.”可知，作者最想让我们关注的是我们和植物世界的关系，故选B。
3.What des the authr try t draw ur clsest attentin t?A.The massive burning f fssil relatinship t the plant capacity f plants t renew plluted defrestatin acrss the wrld.
4.Hw can human beings achieve the gal f prtecting the planet，accrding t the authr?A.By shwing respect fr plants.B.By preserving all frms f cnsuming all natural resurces.D.By all making their effrts tgether.
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“This task can be carried ut nly when each takes it upn her-r himself and nly when all wrk tgether.”可知，人类想实现保护星球这个目标就要团结一致共同努力，故选D。
5.What des the authr suggest we d in rder nt t just survive，but live better?A.Expand the range f living.B.Develp nature’s life with nature.D.Explre new resurces.
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段内容尤其是其第一句“Humans must learn t share life，bth with each ther and with plants.”可知，为了活得更好，我们应与自然分享生活。故选C。
B(2017·南开区二模)The temperature is sharply rising with each passing day.Peple，including many experts，find it difficult t slw dwn the prcess.Hwever，leaving cal and majr fssil fuels in the grund culd help t limit climate change in the future，accrding t a new study.That is t say，a third f il reserves n the earth，half f gas reserves and ver 80 percent f current cal reserves shuld nt be used befre the year 2050.If we are t prevent glbal temperatures frm rising abve 2 degrees Celsius in the near future，we ught t carry ut
sme measures t severely cntrl the emissins frm factries，vehicles and even ur daily-life cking.Hwever，it is a gal that seems t be impssible in ur eyes. “Plicy makers in different cuntries must realize that their attempt t cmpletely use the fssil fuels within their cuntries is whlly incmpatible(矛盾的) with their hpe t reach the 2-degree gal，” Dr Christphe McGlade at University Cllege Lndn’s Energy Institute said in a statement.“If they g ahead with develping their wn resurces，” he added，“they must be asked which reserves elsewhere shuld remain unburned in rder fr the carbn budget nt t g beynd the limit.”
It’s nt surprising t see hw tapping int these unused reserves wuld be attractive.Energy-related industry is a big business all ver the wrld.There are many cal reserves in China，Russia and the United States，alng with ver 260 thusand millin barrels f il reserves in the Middle East.Nt t mentin that il is currently being develped in the Arctic.Cmpanies spent ver 670 billin last year in the expansin f fssil fuels，but accrding t the new mdel used in this latest study，develpers may need t rethink their plans t develp these undergrund resurces s as t make sme cntributins t cntrl the wrld temperature frm rising high in the future.
“We’ve nw gt practical figures f the quantities and lcatins f fssil fuels that shuld remain unused in trying t keep within the 2-degree temperature limit，”added McGlade.Wrld leaders and plicy makers shuld take the advice t heart，because a recent IPCC reprt warned that if immediate and great actins are nt taken sn，climate change will cause irreversible(不可逆转的) impacts n envirnments wrldwide，leaving the wrld an unsafe place fr us t live in.
语篇解读　本文为议论文。论述了全球气候变化与化石燃料的关系。
解析　细节理解题。由首段中的“If we are t prevent glbal temperatures frm rising abve 2 degrees Celsius in the near future，we ught t...”及“Hwever，it is a gal that...”可知答案为D。
6.Accrding t Paragraph 1，ur gal is t mre fssil fuels fr the future generatinB.slw dwn the climate changeC.refuse t use reserves n the earthD.keep the temperature rise belw 2 degrees Celsius
7.The underlined wrd “emissins” in Paragraph 1 refers t “ ” that are sent ut int the airB.prducts that are made frm fssil fuelsC.factrs that cause the climate changeD.changes that happen after temperature rise
解析　词义猜测题。由前后语境可推知，画线词指的是“排放到空气中的物质”，故选A。
解析　推理判断题。通读第二段可推断出答案为B。
8.Accrding t what McGlade said in Paragraph 2，all cuntries shuld full use f their fssil fuelsB.wrk tgether twards the 2-degree galC.find better ways t dig ut the calD.increase the glbal carbn budget
9.We can infer frm Paragraph 3 that great effrts have been made in ut the il in the Middle EastB.getting peple t rethink their fuel plansC.develping fssil fuels arund the wrldD.develping energy-related industry wrldwide
解析　推理判断题。由第三段中的“tapping int these unused reserves”，“in the expansin f fssil fuels”及“develpers may need t rethink their plans t develp these undergrund resurces”可推断出答案为C。
10.What is the authr’s attitude twards the future f temperature cntrl?A.Cnfident. D.Unclear.
解析　观点态度题。由第一段首句和尾句及最后一段尾句可推测出作者对未来大气温度的控制持消极的态度。
C(2017·天津一中3月考)Styrfam，r plystyrene，is a light-weight material，abut 95 percent air，with very gd insulatin(隔热) prperties，accrding t Earthsurce rg.It is used in prducts frm cups that keep yur drinks ht r cld t packaging material that prtects items during shipping.With the abve gd features，Styrfam still enjys a bad reputatin.It cannt be recycled withut releasing dangerus pllutin int the air.The Prtectin Agency says it is the fifth-largest creatr f harmful waste.
But nw the cmmn wrms which are usually disgusting can cme t the rescue，specifically，mealwrms.Scientists frm the China have discvered that mealwrms can digest plastic.One mealwrm can digest a pill-sized amunt f plastic a day.Study c-authr Wei-Min Wu says that in 24 hurs，the plastic is turned int carbn dixide.Since Styrfam has n nutritin at all，are the wrms hurt by eating plastic? Much t the scientists’ surprise，the study fund that wrms eating Styrfam were as healthy as wrms eating bran(谷糠).
The researchers will study the wrm’s eating habits and digesting system，lking t cpy the plastic breakdwn but n a larger scale.Once the way can be put int practice，it will make a revlutinary difference t the dispsal f plastic. “Slving the issue f plastic pllutin is imprtant，”says Wu，a Stanfrd University envirnmental engineering instructr.After all，ur earth is small and landfill space is becming limited with t much garbage waiting t be dealt with，he says.
Abut 33 millin tns f plastic are thrwn away in the United States every year.Plastic plates，cups and cntainers take up 25 percent t 30 percent f space in America’s landfills.One Styrfam cup takes mre than 1 millin years t recycle in a landfill，accrding t Cleveland State University.
语篇解读　文章介绍了一种能够消化分解塑料的黄粉虫幼虫，研究者期待着模仿它们的分解和消化的方式从而解决回收利用塑料对环境造成的污染问题。
解析　细节理解题。第二段第二句“It cannt be recycled withut releasing dangerus pllutin int the air.”为双重否定，表达的是肯定的意思，即“它被回收时会向空气中释放危险的污染物”，故选C。
11.What d we knw abut Styrfam?A.It can be used t cl is a weightless is harmful when is usually used n ships.
12.What can we infer frm the third paragraph?A.Mealwrms have amazing digesting are nt bad in their can rescue peple’s misunderstd mealwrms in the past.
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Scientists frm the China have discvered that mealwrms can digest plastic.One mealwrm can digest a pill-sized amunt f plastic a day.”可知，黄粉虫幼虫有令人惊奇的消化能力，故选A。
解析　推理判断题。根据第五段中“lking t cpy the plastic breakdwn but n a larger scale (期望模仿塑料的分解但是在更大的规模上)”推断研究者是为了模仿这些虫子分解塑料的方式，故选B。
13.Why will researchers study the wrm’s eating habits and digesting system?A.T find ways t help mealwrms grw imitate their ways f breaking dwn help develp their digesting make sure f their safety after eating plastic.
解析　推理判断题。文章介绍了一种能够消化分解塑料的黄粉虫幼虫，研究者期待着模仿它们的分解和消化的方式从而解决回收利用塑料对环境造成的污染问题，故推断一旦模仿成功，塑料的回收利用就不会危害环境，故选D。
14.In the future，plastic may be recycled raising amunts f mealwrmsB.by envirnmental engineering instructrsC.using a methd inspired by eating mealwrmsD.withut sending ut dangerus pllutin
15.What’s the main idea f this passage?A.Styrfam is widely used in daily are genius at eating recycling may be n mre a can be turned int carbn dixide.
解析　主旨大意题。文章中作者首先提出了问题——塑料的回收利用对环境造成污染；其次介绍了一种能消化分解塑料的虫子，并说明研究者期望通过理解和模仿从而最终解决塑料的回收利用对环境造成污染的问题；故说明也许塑料的回收利用不再是问题，故选C。
D(2017·河东区二模)In the dry Namib Desert n the west cast f Africa，ne type f beetle has fund a special way f surviving.When the mrning fg arrives，the Namib Beetle cllects water drps n its bumpy(起伏不平的) back，then lets the water rll dwn int its muth，allwing it t drink in an area withut flwing water.
Shreerang Chhatre wants t use what nature has develped t help the wrld’s pr.Chhatre is an engineer at MIT wh wrks n fg harvesting，the devices that，like the beetle，attract water drps.This way，pr villagers culd cllect clean water near their hmes，instead f spending hurs carrying water frm distant wells f rivers.Access t water is a pressing glbal issue.Accrding t the Wrld Health Organizatin and UNICEF，nearly 900 millin peple wrldwide live withut safe drinking water.The burden f finding and transprting water falls heavily n wmen and children.“As a middle-class persn，I think it’s terrible that the pr have t spend hurs a day walking just t btain a basic necessity，”Chhatre says.
A fg-harvesting device cnsists f a fence-like mesh panel(网状面板)，which attracts drps，cnnected t cntainers int which water falls.Chhatre has imprved the materials used in these devices.He is cntinuing his wrk at MIT Slan and the Legatum Center in rder t develp a wrkable business plan fr applying fg-harvesting devices.Interest in fg harvesting dates back t the 1990s，and has increased since new research n the Namib Beetle became famus in 2001.A few technlgists saw ptential in the cncept fr peple.One Canadian charitable rganizatin，FgQuest，has tested prjects in Chile and Guatemala.
But fg harvesting remains in its infancy，technlgically and cmmercially，as Chhatre readily recgnizes.“It still faces sme pen prblems，”he says.“But it’s wrk in prgress.”After all，the water that fills ur rivers and lakes cmes frm air.
语篇解读　文章介绍了科学家新研究出来的雾收集装置，它能在空气中收集水，因此对一些缺水地区是很有用的。
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“ rder t develp a wrkable business plan fr applying fg-harvesting devices.”及最后一段中的“‘It still faces sme pen prblems，’he says.‘But it’s a wrk in prgress.’”可知，Shreerang Chhatre正努力尝试让雾收集装置被使用，故选D。
16.Which f the fllwing is TRUE f Shreerang Chhatre?A.He is an African is researching n the Namib has made the first fg-harvesting is trying t put fg-harvesting devices t use.
17.Hw did fg harvesting attract mre peple?A.By being advertised by getting the help f researching n the Namib being inspired by the inventin f a fence-like mesh panel.
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Interest in fg harvesting dates back t the 1990s，and has increased since new research n the Namib Beetle became famus in 2001.”可知选C。
18.What d we knw abut fg harvesting?A.It became famus in is still in its early has been tested in was invented by FgQuest.
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“But fg harvesting remains in its infancy...”可知，雾收集装置还处于早期阶段，故选B。
19.The underlined wrd “It” in the last paragraph refers t “ ” BeetleC.fg harvestingD.a Canadian charitable rganizatin
解析　代词指代题。根据前面提到的雾收集装置还处于早期阶段可知，这里接着说它还存在着一些问题，因此it指代的就是雾收集装置，故选C。
20.The authr’s main purpse in writing the text is t the imprtance f saving waterB.shw the Namib Beetle’s special way f survivingC.intrduce a new device fr cllecting water frm airD.infrm peple f the serius water prblem in Africa
解析　写作意图题。文章介绍了科学家新研究出来的雾收集装置，它能在空气中收集水，因此对一些缺水地区是很有用的。文章的目的就在于介绍这一种新的装置，故选C。