高考必考语法精讲精练专题八：动词的时态和语态 Word版含解析

这是一份高考必考语法精讲精练专题八：动词的时态和语态 Word版含解析，共13页。试卷主要包含了一般现在时等内容，欢迎下载使用。
动词的时态和语态是高考必考考点。时态（tense）是一种动词形式，同一动词的不同变化形式表达不同的时态，英语中有16种时态。《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对于时态列了十项：（1）一般现在时（2）一般过去时（3）一般将来时（4）现在进行时（5）过去进行时（6）过去将来时（7）将来进行时（8）现在完成时（9）过去完成时（10）现在完成进行时；此外还列了被动语态，并将其作为单独一项。
2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ第61题（语法填空）考查了动词arrive的一般过去时arrived；第71题（短文改错）考查了think变为过去时thught；第75题（短文改错）考查了被动语态，删掉been；第79题（短文改错）考查了将动词过去时的fund变为现在时的find。
2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第62题（语法填空）考查了allw的一般过去时的被动语态was allwed；第74题（短文改错）考查了将过去时had变为现在时的have；77题（短文改错）考查了将using变为被动used。
2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ第64题（语法填空）考查了remve的一般现在时的被动语态are remved；第74题（短文改错）考查了将动词ges变成一般过去时went。
各种时态构成表：（以d为例）
一般时态
进行时态
完成时态
完成进行时态
现 在
d/des
is/am/are ding
has/have dne
has/have been ding
过 去
did
was /were ding
had dne
had been ding
将 来
shall/will d
shall/will be ding
shall/will have dne
shall/will have been ding
过去将来
wuld d
wuld be ding
wuld have dne
wuld have been ding
一、一般现在时：动词原形或第三人称单数
1．构成：使用动词原形，第三人称单数须有变化。
（1）直接加“s”：wrk→wrks，take→takes
（2）以辅音加“y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加“es”：carry→carries
（3）以“, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es”：g→ges，dress→dresses，watch→watches，finish→finishes
2．功能：
（1）表现在的事实、状态或动作。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I have a dream.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②She lves music.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③Mary's parents get up very early.
（2）表习惯性动作或职业，常与ften，smetimes，usually，always，every week，ccasinally，frequently，seldm等时间副词连用。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I always take a walk after supper.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②She writes t me very ften.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③She is an English teacher.
（3）表客观真理，格言警句或事实。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The earth mves arund the sun.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③Tw and tw makes fur.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④ N man but errs.
（4）表示将来发生的动作：
A．在由when，after, befre，as，as sn as，althugh，because，if，even if，in case，till，until，unless，as lng as，where，whatever，wherever 等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表将来发生的动作。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① I'll tell her when she cmes tmrrw.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ② Even if it rains this afternn, I'll meet yu.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③Whatever happens, yu shuld keep cl-headed.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④ I'll be right here waiting fr yu wherever yu g.
B．按时间表将要发生的动作或事件，用一般现在时表达将来时概念。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The play begins at 6:30 this evening.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②When des the plane take ff?
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③He leaves fr that city next week.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④Accrding t the timetable, the train starts at 9 ’clck.
二．一般过去时：动词的过去式
1．表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①We visited the schl last spring.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②I went t schl by bike when I was in middle schl.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③China was funded in 1949.
2．在表示时间或条件等的状语从句中代替过去将来时。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①She tld me she wuld’t g with us if it rained the next day.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②They wuld nt leave until she came back.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③His girlfriend prmised t marry him nce he bught her a big huse.
三．一般将来时：shall / will + 动词原形
1．表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①He will graduate frm the cllege next year.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②We shall finish ur wrk as quickly as pssible.
2．将来时的其它结构。 例如：
I .is/am/are ging t d sth.（美国口语中常读作be gnna）
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I'm ging t buy a new car this fall.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②He is ging t sell his huse.
注意：be ging t与will的对比：下列情况须用will
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I will be sixteen years ld next year.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②It will be the 20th f August tmrrw.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③When he cmes, I will give him yur message.
II. is/am/are + t d sth.表示计划安排做某事或征求意见。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①Am I t take ver his wrk?
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②We are t meet at the gate.
III. is/am/are abut t d sth. 即将做某事。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The talk is abut t begin.
四．一般过去将来时：wuld + 动词原形
1.表示过去某时之后将出现的情况，通常用于宾语从句中。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①He said that they wuld meet me at the statin.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②She tld me that she wuld cme t see me.
2.表示过去习惯性动作（不管什么人称都用wuld）。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①Whenever he had time,Tm wuld g t see his grandma.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The ld cuple wuld g fr a walk after supper.
注意句型：
was/were abut t d sth. when……正要做某事,这时……
=was/were n the pint f ding sth. when……（when引导的从句要用一般过去时）例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①He was abut t g ut when the telephne rang.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②I was abut t g shpping when it rained.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③She was n the pint f having supper when the light went ff.
五．现在进行时：is / am / are +现在分词
1．表示现在正在进行的动作。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The water is biling. Shall I make tea?
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The wrkers are building a new bridge acrss the river.
2．表现阶段正进行的动作。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①He is taking physics this semester.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②We are preparing fr ur final examinatin this week.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③Dn't yu think yu eat t much? Yu're putting n weight.
3．g, cme, leave, arrive, land, meet, die, start, return, jin, etc.用于进行时态时表示即将开始的动作。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ① Lk! The bus is cming.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The ld man is seriusly ill, and he is dying.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③Alice is leaving fr Shanghai with her mther.
4．与 always, frever, cntinually, cnstantly 等副词连用，表示说话人带有感情色彩：赞赏或厌恶。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①He is always thinking f thers.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The by is cntinually making nises.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③The teacher is cnstantly criticizing her fr being late.
六．过去进行时：was /were +现在分词
1．表示过去某一时刻或阶段正在发生的动作。 例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I was playing chess at 8 yesterday evening.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②When I arrived, they were watching TV.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③They were ding husewrk this time last week.
2．用于条件状语从句中表示过去将来进行的动作。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①She tld me t wake him up if she was sleeping.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②I asked my friend t warn me abut it as lng as I was driving t fast.
3．过去某时将发生的事。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①They tld me that they were leaving fr New Yrk.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②He was ging ut when I arrived.
七．将来进行时：shall / will be + 现在分词
1．表示将来某个时刻正在进行的动作。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①What will yu be ding this time tmrrw?
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②I will be having dinner this time tmrrw.
2．用将来进行时询问别人的计划、打算比用一般将来时更显礼貌。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①Will yu be having supper with us this evening?
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②Will yu be cming t see us tmrrw?
3．将来进行时表示对即将发生的动作的推测。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①She will be arriving at Shanghai tmrrw mrning.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The car will be ging at the speed f 100 miles an hur.
八．现在完成时：have / has +过去分词
1．表示过去所发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。常与yet，just，befre，recently，lately，ever，never等表时间的副词搭配使用。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①He hasn't seen her lately.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②I haven't finished the bk yet.
2．表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在并可能持续下去的动作，常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如：s far（迄今为止），up till nw（直到现在），fr a lng time（很长时间），，in the past / in the last few years（在过去的几年里），these days（这些日子）。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①He has wrked here fr 15 years.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②I have studied English since I came here.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③The freigner has been away frm China fr a lng time.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④S far, I haven't received a single letter frm my brther.
3．某些非延续性动词（即：动作开始便终止的动词），在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间状语搭配。
I．常见的非延续动词：die, arrive，jin，leave，g, refuse，fail，finish，buy，marry，divrce，awake ，buy，brrw，lend 等。
II．这类动词并非不能用现在完成时，而是不能接常由fr引导的时间状语。
III．但若是用在否定句中，非延续动词的现在完成时可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①She has gne away fr a mnth.（误）
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②She has been away fr a mnth （正）
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The man has died fr tw years.（误）
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The man has been dead fr tw years.（正）
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①Hw lng have yu bught the bk?（误）
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②Hw lng have yu had the bk.（正）
4．几组对比：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①He has gne t Shanghai. 他去上海了。
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②He has been t Shanghai. 他去过上海。
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①She has gne.她已走了。
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②She is gne.她缺席了。（r她死了。）
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The dr has been clsed.门关上了。（动作）
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The dr is clsed.门是关着的。（状态）
九．过去完成时：had + 过去分词
1．表示过去某个动作或某个具体时间之前已经发生或完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①They had gt everything ready befre I came.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The play had begun befre I gt t the theater with my byfriend.
2．过去完成时常用于 hardly / scarcely ... when, n sner ... than（“一……就”）等固定句型结构中。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①She had hardly / scarcely gne t bed when the bell rang.
=Hardly/Scarcely had she gne t bed when the bell rang.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②He had n sner arrived at the railway statin than he met her parents.
=N sner had he arrived at the railway statin than he met her parents.
注意 ：hardly /scarcely/n sner 在句首时要用部分倒装。
3．intend（打算），mean（打算），plan（计划）hpe（希望），want（想要）等动词的过去完成时用来表示“本打算/本计划/本希望/本想要做而没有”做的事。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I had intended t call n yu yesterday, but smene came t see me just when I was abut t leave.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②They had planned t hld a ftball match last week, but they had t cancel it because f the bad weather.
十．将来完成时：shall / will have +过去分词。
表示将来某时之前已经完成的动作。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①They will have been here fr 5 years next Friday.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②By the end f this mnth, he will have finished the bk.
十一．现在完成进行时：have / has + been + 现在分词
1．表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。 例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I have been waiting fr an hur but she hasn't cme.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②He has been running after her fr 8 years.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③I have been learning English since six years ag.
2．表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的行动，例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
3.表某种感情色彩。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I've been wanting t see yu fr s many years.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②Wh's been telling yu such nnsense.
现在完成时与现在完成进行时对比：
现在完成时强调“结果”，而现在完成进行时强调“动作的延续”。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I have thught f it.（我已想到了这一点。）
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②I have been thinking f it.（我一直在想这一点。）
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①Jim has painted the dr.（杰姆已将门油漆过了。）
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②Jim has been painting the dr.（杰姆一直在油漆门。）
注意：表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。例如，我们可以说：I have knwn him fr years.但是不能说：I have been knwing him fr years.这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有：lve，like，hate等等。
十二．过去完成进行时：had been + 现在分词
表示过去某个时间之前一直在进行的动作。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①She said that she had been typing a paper befre I came in.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②I had been waiting fr him befre he arrived.
十三．过去将来进行时：wuld be + 现在分词
表示从过去某时看将来某个时侯正在进行的动作。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①He asked me what I wuld be ding when he came the next day.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②He said that he wuld be reading the bk all mrning tmrrw.
十四．过去将来完成时：wuld have +过去分词
表示从过去某个时间看将来某时之前动作已经完成。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①He said that they wuld have arrived by seven 'clck.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②I thught she wuld have tld yu smething by then.
十五．将来完成进行时：shall / will have been + 现在分词
表示某一动作从某时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间，是否继续下去由上下文决定。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①By the end f next year，we will have been ding business with each ther fr 20 years.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②We shall have been staying here fr fur weeks when Tm arrives.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③It will have been raining fr a week if it des nt stp tmrrw.
十六. 过去将来完成进行时：wuld have been + 现在分词
表示从过去的某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来的某一时间。动作是否继续进行，由上下文决定。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①He said that by the end f the spring term he wuld have been studying English fr three years.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②She tld me that she wuld have been teaching in that university fr 10 years by that summer.
被动语态
一 .被动语态的构成：被动语态由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成，其中be动词本身没有意义，但有人称、单复数以及时态的变化。(不及物动词没有被动语态)
常见各种时态对应的被动语态：（以d为例）
一般时态
完成时态
进行时态
完成进行时态
现 在
is /am/are dne
has/have been dne
is/am/are being dne
无
过 去
was/were dne
had been dne
was /were being dne
无
将 来
shall /will be dne
shall/will have been dne
无
无
过去将来
wuld be dne
wuld have been dne
无
无
二.含有情态动词的被动语态：
由情态动词must/can/culd/may/might/shuld/wuld+be dne构成。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The task must be finished befre this weekend.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②He shuld be punished because he tld lies.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③The bk may be taken away by smene.
三. 被动语态的用法：
1.不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指明谁是动作的执行者,被动语态中的介词短语by sb.通常省略。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The streets are swept every day.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②His car has been stlen.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③Rice is grwn in many cuntries.
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④This kind f advertisement can be seen everywhere.
2.带双宾语的及物动词变成被动语态有两种变法，指人的间接宾语用作被动语态的主语更常见。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①He gave her a beautiful gift yesterday.
→A beautiful gift was given t her (by him).或者
→ She was given a beautiful gift (by him).
3.get +过去分词表被动，表示一种结果或状态。常见结构有：get killed/cheated/burnt/wunded/paid/hurt/lst/married/caught.例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①He gt killed in the traffic accident last week.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②Dn’t get cheated by her beauty.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③He gt caught by the plice because he exceeded the speed limit.
4.have sth dne以及get sth dne（主要用于口语中）常常表示安排别人把事情做好或谈论意外的、不好的事情。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I need t have my hair cut.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②Yur watch is brken,yu’d better get it repaired.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③If yu dn’t get ut f my huse, I will have yu arrested .
= 4 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ④We had ur mney stlen when we were n hliday.
= 5 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ⑤Je had his leg brken in a fight.
5.have sth t be dne表示主动提出请求帮助别人做某事。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①I am ging shpping ,d yu have anything t be bught?
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②I intend t spend my hliday in ur hmetwn,d yu have anything t be taken t yur parents?
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③D yu have anything t be typed,sir?
四．主动形式表被动意义：
1.lk，feel，taste，sund，smell，appear，seem，prve，turn，stay，becme，fall，get，keep，grw等系动词+形容词或名词构成系表结构。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The ice feels cld.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②His plan prved practical.
2.表示开始、结果、运动的动词，如begin，finish，start，pen，clse，stp，end，shut，run，mve等。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①Wrk began at 7'clck this mrning.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The shp clses at 6 p.m every day.
3.形容词easy，hard，fit，nice，dangerus，difficult等后面接动词不定式，且不定式和句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①This kind f water is fit t drink.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②The text is easy t understand.
4.某些动词如read,write,sell,wash,clean,lck,pen,dry等在表示主语的某种性质时，常用主动表被动。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The clthes washes well.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②Yur pen writes smthly.
5.其他的主动表被动的情况。例如：
= 1 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ①The bk is wrth reading.
= 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②My bike needs/wants/requires repairing.
=My bike needs/wants/requires t be repaired.
= 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③Wh is t blame?
高考英语短文改错及语法填空分析与训练·时态与语态
考点规律分析:动词时态考点主要涉及一般现在时与一般过去的区别，其命题方式通常是在一个一般现在时的背景下误用某个一般过去时；或者反过来，在一个一般过去时的背景下误用某个一般现在时。从所涉及的动词来看，主要涉及be 和 have两个常用动词。有时也涉及其他时态，如一般将来时，现在完成时等，但很少见。语法填空主要涉及动词的时态及语态的变化。
时态语态单句改错之真题训练：
1. We were driving alng a narrw rad when the car stp…
2. …and had returned t the car! Bill is standing at the side f the car.
3.Tw mnths ag they were back in America. Last Sunday, plice cars hurry t the…
4. Tday, it is much easier t be healthy than it is in the past.
5. Als, scientists and dctrs had learned hw t deal with many diseases.
6. Anyne may brrw bks, and it cst nthing t brrw them.
7. If the bk yu will want is ut, yu may ask fr it t be called back fr yu.
8.I had always wanted t return t the village after mving away and it is really great t see mst f my ld friends again.
9. They ffered me cffee and ther drinks. We have a gd time talking and laughing tgether.
10. I learn abut yu frm my English teacher, Miss Fang.
11. My favurite sprt is ftball. I was a member f ur schl ftball team.
12. I am happy with any prgramme but the thers spent a lt f time arguing and there was n way f settling the matter except by selling the set.
13. I’d like very much t cme but I had an examinatin n Mnday mrning. It is a very…
14.I remembered her wrds and calm dwn.
15.They did nt want me t d any wrk at hme; they want me t devte all my time t…
16. He said he is busy.
17. On the way up I was busy taking pictures since the scenery was s beautiful. The time passes quickly.
18.But his parents think ging t cllege is mre imprtant than playing sprts and cllege was the nly place fr a smart by like his sn.
19. At nce I aplgize and cntrlled myself at my best till the dinner started.
20.Smetimes, we talked t each ther very well in class, but after class we becme stranger at nce.
21. She stpped t lk ut f the windw and find a clud f smke cming ut f her neighbr’s huse.
22. We were living in a big family. We treat each ther as brthers and sisters.
23. I am always yung when I was staying with them.
24.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality il are using fr cking.
25（2017·全国Ⅰ，73） nce I started the car, my mind ges blank.
时态语态单句改错之模拟训练：
1. Just nw Jim tells me his mther was ill.
2. I phne the ther students a mment ag.
3. We ften played tgether when we are children.
4.What are yu ding when I called yu?
5. I see yu in the park. Yu were talking t a pretty girl.
6. She desn’t hear the drbell, fr she was watching TV.
7.We’ll stay at hme playing cards if it will rain tmrrw.
8. Please let me knw if yu will have any truble.
9. He hurt his back when he is playing ftball with his classmates.
10. I’ll write t him when I finished the bk.
11. Charles wrked hard since leaving schl.
12.In fact, I am very thin when I was yung.
13. He’s kind t me. Thugh he is very busy, he still came t see me.
14. Hw lng have yu been here? Hw did yu like ur city?
15.As is knwn t us all, the earth turned arund the sun.
16.I’m interested in English, s I spke it better than the thers d.
17.Dn’t wrry abut it. I prmise yu I cme t help yu.
18. Nw everything is dear. Even a small piece f bread cst ne yuan.
19.Remember t turn ff the lights befre yu will leave.
20.I frget t tell him the news. Shall we telephne him nw?
时态语态单句改错之提升训练：
1. He said that he will see yu ff at the airprt the next day.
2. When he will cme back， I’ll let yu knw.
3. He said that he has had the bike fr tw years.
4. I wrk n a farm in Nrth China in the 1970s.
5. A new bridge was being built in ur city at present.
6. I finished my hmewrk befre I left schl.
7. I feel regretful nw that I dn’t study hard when I was in my high schl.
8. If I am yu, I wuld d it.
9. She buys a bike yesterday.
10. I cme here in tw days.
11. I dn’t think we met befre.
12. He taught here since he came t this twn.
13. She said she wuld call me but I didn’t heard frm her s far.
14. I am tired because I had been wrking all day.
15. Lk! Here the bus cming.
16. I meet him in ther time.
17. By this time tmrrw we have finished the wrk.
18. Smetimes I will get up at eight in the mrning.
19. We have t cancel the match if it will rain tmrrw.
20. I didn’t seen my best friend fr nearly tw years.
时态语态单句语法填空之真题训练：
1.(2016·全国Ⅰ，62)I______________(allw)t get up clse t these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.
2.(2016·全国Ⅱ，43)Leaving the less imprtant things until tmrrw ___________(be) ften acceptable.
3.(2016·全国Ⅲ，42)Smetimes chpsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chpsticks might ___________(make)f gld and silver with Chinese characters.
4.(2016·全国Ⅲ，49)Cnfucius believed knives wuld remind peple f killings and ____________(be) t vilent fr use at the table.
5.(2016·北京，21)Jack___________(wrk) in the lab when the pwer cut ccurred.
6.(2016·北京，25)I_____________(read) half f the English nvel, and I’ll try t finish it at the weekend.
7.(2016·北京，30)The students have been wrking hard n their lessns and their effrts will_________ (reward) success in the end.
8.(2016·四川，阅读D)Night milk quickened the start f sleep and ___________(cause) the mice t sleep lnger.
9.(2016·四川，61)The giant panda____________(lve) by peple thrughut the wrld.
10.(2016·浙江，14)When the time came t make the final decisin fr a curse, I decided t apply fr the ne that ___________(reflect) my interest.
11.(2017·全国Ⅰ，64)When fat and salt________________(remve) frm fd, the fd tastes as if is missing smething.
学习札记：
参考答案及解析
时态语态单句改错之真题训练：
1.stp改为stpped
2. is 改为 was
3.hurry 改为 hurried
4.第二个is 改为 was
5.had 改为 have
6.cst 改为 csts
7. 去掉 will
8.is 改为 was
9. have 改为 had
10.learn 改为learned
11. was 改为 is
12. am 改为 was
13. had 改为have
14.calm改为calmed
15. did 改为 d
16.is改为 was
17.passes 改为 passed
18.was 改为 is
19.aplgize改为 aplgized
20.talked改为 talk
21. find改为 fund
22.treat改为 treated
23.am改为 was
24.using改为used [be used fr “被用来做”，为固定短语。]
25.ges改为went
时态语态单句改错之模拟训练：
1.tell 改为 tld，因句中有表过去的时间状语just nw(刚刚)。
2. phne 改为 phned，因句中有表过去的时间状语a mment ag。
3. are 改为 were，因主句谓语为一般过去时。
4. are 改为 were，因从句谓语为一般过去时。
5. see 改为 saw，因下文用了 were talking。
6. desn’t 改为 didn’t，因下文用了 was watching。
7. 去掉if从句中的 will，因条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来意义。
8. 去掉 will，因条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来意义。
9. is 改为 was，因主句中的hurt为一般过去时。
10. finished 改为finish，或在 finished 前加 have。即在时间状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来意义，但这里也可用现在完成时表示完成。
11. wrked 前加has，句中的 since 表示“自从……以来一直……”，即表示从过去持续到现在的一段时间，故用现在完成时。
12. am 改为 was，根据从句中的一般过去时可知 am 应改为 was。
13. came 改为 cmes，根据前面的两处一般现在时可知。
14. did 改为 d，根据前面的现在完成时可知“你”现在还在我们城市，故后面一句问的是“你”现在对我们城市的看法。
15. turned 改为 turns。本句叙述的是客观真理，故用一般现在时。
16. spke 改为 speak。全句叙述的是现在的情况。
17. cme 前加 will，根据句意，此处应是将来时态。
18. cst 改为 csts，句子讲述的是现在的一般情况。
19. 去掉 will，时间状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来意义。
20. frget 改为 frgt，根据句意，此题的“忘记”应是指过去忘记。
时态语态单句改错之提升训练：
1. will改为wuld。宾语从句要用过去将来时态。
2. will cme改为cmes。时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来。
3. has改为had。宾语从句需用过去完成时。
4. wrk改为wrked。此句要用一般过去时态。
5. was 改为is。从at present可知，此句用现在进行时。
6. finish前加had。离开学校是过去时态，在此之前完成就应用过去完成时。
7. dn’t改为didn’t。定语从句表示的是过去时态。此句要用一般过去时。
8. am改为were。此句为虚拟语气，要用过去时。
9.buys改为bught。从yesterday可知，要用一般过去时。
10. cme改为will cme。从in the tw days可知，谓语动词要用一般将来时。
11. met前加have。Befre是表示过去，应用现在完成时态。
12. taught改为has taught。表示过去已经开始持续到现在，而且还可能继续下去的动作或状态，应用现在完成时态来表示。
13. didn’t改为haven’t。s far 迄今为止，用于现在完成时态。
14. had改为have。从am 可看出是现在时，其句中给出all day，应用现在完成进行时态。
15. cming改为cmes。Here, there放在句首构成倒装时，其时态只用于一般现在时或一般过去时。
16. meet改为met。in ther times从前，所以谓语动词要用一般过去时态。
17. have 前加shall。强调在将来某时刻为止时完成是某动作，应用将来完成时态。
18.去掉will。Smetimes有时，暗示句子要用一般现在时。
19. will rain改为rains。If引导的条件状语从句，要用一般现在时表将来。
20. didn’t 改为haven’t 。Fr nearly tw years 暗示谓语动词要用现在完成时。
时态语态单句语法填空之真题训练：
1．was allwed [根据语境及allw sb t d sth这一固定句式可知，我应该是被允许接近这些可爱的动物。]
2．is [考查主谓一致和时态。本句的主语为动名词短语leaving the less...，动名词作主语谓语要用单数第三人称形式，且这里说的是一个客观事实，故要用is。]
3．be made [考查语态。根据句意筷子是被制造的。]
4．were [考查时态。此处were是与wuld remind 并列的谓语动词。]
5．was wrking [考查时态。句意：杰克正在实验室里工作这时突然停电了。此题考查到句型be 结构。由ccurred可知停电是发生在过去的某一具体时刻，故用was wrking。]
6．have read [考查时态。句意：我已经读完这本英文小说的一半了，我会争取在周末读完。前一分句表示到现在已经完成的动作，与现在有联系，故用现在完成时。]
7. be rewarded [考查时态和语态。句意：学生们一直努力学习他们的功课，他们的努力终将得到成功的回报。由句意可知，reward这一动作发生在have been wrking之后，故用将来时态，reward和effrts之间为被动关系，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。]
8．caused [考查时态，和前面的quickened并列关系。]
9．is lved [全世界的人都喜欢大熊猫。这里用一般现在时表示现状，panda与lve之间为被动关系。]
10．reflected [考查时态。句意：当最后决定选一门课程时，我决定申请那个反映兴趣的课程。主句用的一般过去时，从句也如此。]
11.are remved [考查被动语态。句意：当脂肪和盐从食物中被去掉。分析可知，fat、salt与remve之间是被动关系，而且是一般现在时]