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2018版高考英语（课标通用）大一轮复习课时作业：选修八 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions Word版含答案
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这是一份2018版高考英语（课标通用）大一轮复习课时作业：选修八 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions Word版含答案，共8页。试卷主要包含了A.rder B，A.tired B，A.because B，A.advised B，A.pleasure B，A.suggested B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A few weeks ag when I gt clser t the classrm I heard laughter and drumming－my students bviusly thught they had a free perid! As I entered the classrm，the drumming stpped.“Gd mrning，Miss，” they tried t sund happy t see me；their faces were delighted but I knew this was nt fr me.“What are yu all ding？” “Nthing，Miss.” Guilty eyes stared back at me.
They pulled ut bks and sat and waited，but that_thing I had seen in their faces，that thing I had s hped t bring with my teaching，that thing was slipping away nw as they gt ready fr class.
“Nthing? Yu were ding smething.What？”There was quiet and I realized they thught I was angry.Eventually ne f them said，“Clumbus Day，Miss.Yu knw，the day Clumbus reached Trinidad with his ships.We are acting the Clumbus Day play.”
“Wait，yu mean the same Clumbus in the histry? Christpher Clumbus？”
“Yes，Miss.”
“，we did that chapter in the bk.Yu didn't answer my questins.” I felt my heart punding hard.“Open the bk，cme，quick，” I was excited nw.“Okay，s wh is taking part in the play? Cme t the frnt.Let's act ut this play.”
“Miss，yu said t pen the bk.We're nt ging t read？”
“I will read，yu will act and yu will drum and yu will see hw the chapter and the play wrk tgether.”
The students stared at me as if I were crazy.“Miss，fr real？”“Yes，fr real！”Had I hit upn smething here? There was smething I hadn't seen befre－these faces－excited，smiling，alive.These faces were what I dreamed f! One week later I gave the students the same questins n Clumbus that few had passed the first time and this time mre than half the class passed!
Frm this experience，I came t recgnize that bks are enugh fr sme students，but fr thers life，as they knw，has little t d with what's in the bk unless they see a crelatin.
1．What were the students ding when the authr gt clser t the classrm?
A．They were having a break.
B．They were acting a play.
C．They were thrwing a party.
D．They were reading histry bks.
2．What des “that thing” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Guilt and regrets.
B．Disappintment.
C．Interest and passin.
D．Satisfactin.
3．What did the authr ask the students t d in the class?
A．Perfrm a play abut Clumbus.
B．Retell the stry f Clumbus Day.
C．Read ne chapter in the bk alud.
D．Answer questins based n the bk.
4．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Think Outside the Bk
B．An Unfrgettable Experience
C．Educatin－the Key t Ignrance
D．A Special Celebratin f Clumbus Day
答案：[解题导语]学生们的学习不仅仅在于课本，通过活动把生活与书本联系起来或许会让孩子们表达出自己的兴趣和热情，展露发自内心的笑容。
1．B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句We are acting the Clumbus Day play.可知，他们正在表演。故选B项。
2．C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段的． that thing I had seen in their faces, that thing I had s hped t bring with my teaching, that thing was slipping away nw as they gt ready fr class.和第一段的their faces were delighted but I knew this was nt fr me.可知，学生们在老师不在的时候会笑得开心，而上课时是没有的；同时文章第九段提到，老师在宣布让大家表演的时候，学生们的脸上又露出了兴奋和充满活力的微笑，由此可推断that thing指的是“由内而发的兴趣和热情”。故选C项。
3．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的Cme t the frnt. Let's act ut this play.可知，老师让学生们表演有关哥伦布的戏剧。故选A项。
4．A 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在某节课上没有讲书本中的内容，而是让学生们表演，却收到了意想不到的效果；且根据文章最后一句．..I came t recgnize that bks are enugh fr sme students, but fr thers life, as they knw, has little t d with what's in the bk unless they see a crelatin.可知，本文强调书本之外的生活和思考。故选A项。B项太过宽泛；C、D两项偏离主题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2017·西北工业大学附中适应性训练]
It was the first mrning f the New Year and the weather was very cld.I have always been an early bird and my mrning walks have been the __1__ fr the last 7 years，s I put n my shes t__2__fr my first walk f the New Year.
There was cmplete __3__ utside.Litter culd be seen everywhere.It seemed that everyne had an allnight __4__.It was t cld t __5__anyne t be awake t clear all the walkways at 5 in the mrning.I was __6__ t walk n the dirty walkways and decided t g back hme.
I was abut t leave__7__ I saw Sam cleaning the garden.He is an emplyee f ur sciety assciatin and is __8__t take care f the walkways and the garden.I walked up t Sam as it was a(an)__9__ t see him there cleaning at this time.He saw me and plitely__10__ me，“Happy New Year! ”
“Hw cme yu are here and ding all this n the very first day f a new year？” I asked.Sam answered__11__，“It is the first day f the year s they shuld feel gd and special.Fr me，tday is like any ther __12__day and my jb starts with the__13__.”
It was gd t see smene s__14__at heart.Like ther staff members，Sam culd have taken a day __15__，but he wke up early and came fr all f us.I suddenly realized life des nt __16__ when the clck strikes twelve at midnight and a New Year begins.We __17__ all night，the surrund is dirty.Life ges n and thers need t __18__ up early and clear the garbage.Isn't the very next mrning a new day f a New Year fr all thse wh clear ur garbage? Why can't we als keep ur __19__ clean s that everyne can have a New Year the very next day? It is true that small things can make a big __20__ in ur lives.
1．A.manner B．trend
C．rutine D．prcedure
2．A.lk B．send
C．lng D．head
3．A.waste B．freedm
C．silence D．absence
4．A.celebratin B．traditin
C．decratin D．pllutin
5．A.rder B．expect
C．trust D．catch
6．A.tired B．scared
C．puzzled D．annyed
7．A.because B．thugh
C．unless D．when
8．A.advised B．prmted
C．suppsed D．determined
9．A.pleasure B．success
C．surprise D．hnur
10．A.suggested B．wished
C．asked D．cngratulated
11．A.cldly B．hpefully
C．casually D．calmly
12．A.dirty B．narrw
C．busy D．cld
13．A.beginning B．same
C．special D．new
14．A.devted B．cautius
C．hnest D．plite
15．A.ver B．ut
C．up D．ff
16．A.change B．imprve
C．return D．happen
17．A.sleep B．party
C．wrk D．clean
18．A.put B．stay
C．wake D．pick
19．A.surrundings B．cnditins
C．backgrund D．lcatin
20．A.decisin B．difference
C．prmise D．suggestin
答案：[解题导语]作者在新年的早晨出来散步，遇到社区协会的员工萨姆清理街道，让作者心生温暖。
1．C 解析：根据空后的fr the last 7 years可知，作者习惯早起已经七年了，所以早晨散步成了惯例。manner意为“方式；态度；举止”；trend意为“趋势；动向”；rutine意为“常规；惯例”；prcedure意为“程序；步骤”。故选C项。
2．D 解析：早晨散步成了作者的惯例，因此在新年的第一天，作者依然去散步。head fr意为“(朝……)前进；(向……)去”，符合语境。故选D项。lk fr意为“寻找”；send fr意为“派人去请”；lng fr意为“渴望”。
3．C 解析：根据该段第四句提到的时间at 5 in the mrning可知，早晨5点钟外面应该是寂静的。waste意为“浪费”；freedm意为“自由”；silence意为“寂静；沉默”；absence意为“不在；缺席”。故选C项。
4．A 解析：根据前一句Litter culd be seen everywhere.“垃圾遍地都是。”及下文的New Year可知，此处指“庆祝”新年。celebratin意为“庆祝活动；庆祝会”；traditin意为“传统”；decratin意为“装饰物；装饰”；pllutin意为“污染”。故选A项。
5．B 解析：根据下文的at 5 in the mrning可知，早晨5点天气太冷了所以不指望会有人来打扫街道。rder意为“命令；订购”；expect意为“期望；预料”；trust意为“信任”；catch意为“抓住”。故选B项。
6．D 解析：根据下文的t walk n the dirty walkways and decided t g back hme可知，走在脏乱的街道上作者肯定很恼怒(annyed)。故选D项。tired意为“困倦的；累的”；scared意为“害怕的”；puzzled意为“困惑的”。
7．D 解析：句意：我正要离开时突然看见萨姆在打扫花园。be abut 意为“某人正要做某事，突然……”，为固定句型，when在此为并列连词。故选D项。
8．C 解析：萨姆是社区协会的一名雇员，而他出现在这条街道上，所以他应是负责打扫这几条人行道和这个花园。be suppsed t d sth.意为“应该做某事”，符合语境。故选C项。advise意为“建议”；prmte意为“促进；增进”；determine意为“确定；决定”，均不符合语境。
9．C 解析：上文讲到清晨5点大街上没有人，再根据下一段作者的问话Hw cme yu are here and ding all this n the very first day f a new year？可知，作者认为这个时间看到萨姆在这里打扫卫生真是一件令人吃惊的事(surprise)。故选C项。pleasure意为“快乐；乐事”；success意为“成功”；hnur意为“光荣；荣誉；敬意”。
10．B 解析：根据空后的Happy New Year！可知，此处是萨姆在祝愿(wished)作者新年快乐。故选B项。suggest意为“建议”；ask意为“问；要求”；cngratulate意为“祝贺”。
11．D 解析：根据萨姆回答的内容可知，此处指他平静地(calmly)回答。故选D项。cldly意为“冷漠地”；hpefully意为“充满希望地”；casually意为“随便地；漫不经心地”；calmly意为“平静地”。
12．A 解析：虽然是新年的第一天，但萨姆并未觉得不同，还是和任何其他脏乱的一天一样。根据常识也可知，未打扫街道前，街道应该是脏的。dirty意为“脏的”；narrw意为“窄的”；busy意为“忙碌的”；cld意为“冷的”。故选A项。
13．B 解析：此处指萨姆的工作和每天一样从做相同的(same)事开始。故选B项。
14．A 解析：萨姆在新年的第一天就早早来打扫街道，作者认为这是发自内心的奉献精神。devted意为“投入的；奉献的”；cautius意为“小心的；谨慎的”；hnest意为“诚实的”；plite意为“有礼貌的”。故选A项。
15．D 解析：像其他的员工一样，萨姆本来可以休息一天的。take a day ff为固定搭配，意为“休假一天”，符合语境。故选D项。
16．A 解析：根据第18空前的Life ges n...“生活还在继续……”可知，生活并没有变化(change)。句意：我突然意识到钟声敲响十二下新年到来时，生活并没有改变。imprve意为“改进”；return 意为“归还”；happen意为“发生”。故选A项。
17．B 解析：根据第4空的It seemed that everyne had an allnight__4__.可知，此处指人们一夜狂欢，而周围却一片狼藉。party 在此作动词，意为“开派对”。故选B项。
18．C 解析：此处与上文“我们一夜狂欢”形成对比，指其他人却需要早起清理垃圾。put up意为“张贴；举起；建造”；stay up意为“熬夜”；wake up意为“醒来”；pick up意为“捡起；(无意中)学会”。根据语境可知选C项。
19．A 解析：根据第17空后的the surrund is dirty可知，此处指保持环境(surrundings)干净。故选A项。cnditin意为“条件”；backgrund意为“背景”；lcatin意为“位置；场所”。
20．B 解析：细小的事也能对我们的生活产生很大的影响。make a difference意为“有影响；起作用”，符合语境。故选B项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
[2017·衡水中学高三调研]
Switzerland is famus 1.________its watches.Hwever，this cuntry didn't invent the watch.It was the British wh did it.Here is a stry f hw the watch 2.________ (bring) t Switzerland.
Many years ag,3.________Englishman traveled t Italy and n his way he stpped in a small twn 4.________(call)Geneva in Switzerland.This Englishman traveled in a carriage inside which there was a carriage watch.This was the 5.________(early) kind f watch.A Blacksmith happened t see the watch.He wndered what it was 6.________ asked the Englishman abut it.“It is a carriage watch，”answered the man.“This machine can tell the time but nw 7.________ isn't wrking.”At nce the man ffered t try repairing it.S the 8.________ (travel) handed him the watch.The man was very clever.It was easy fr him 9.________ (repair)it.He even remembered hw it was made.And he made a watch f 10.________(exact) the same type.
答案：[解题导语]瑞士以手表而著名，但是很少人知道，最早发明手表的却是英国人。本文讲述了手表是怎样从英国被带到瑞士的。
1．fr 解析：考查介词。句意：瑞士因手表而著名。be famus fr...意为“因……而著名”，为固定搭配，故填fr。
2．was brught 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这里的故事讲述了手表是如何被带到瑞士的。分析句子结构可知，此处应用谓语动词，这件事发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时；且the watch和bring之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填was brught。
3．an 解析：考查冠词。句意：许多年前，一位英国人到意大利去旅行，中途在瑞士一座名叫日内瓦的小镇停了下来。Englishman是可数名词，此处泛指一个人，所以用不定冠词；Englishman的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。
4．called 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作定语修饰a small twn；a small twn和call之间是被动关系，故填过去分词called。
5．earliest 解析：考查比较等级。句意：这是最早类型的表。本文是讲述手表的来历，所以此处应是在说最早的表，结合空前的the可知应用最高级。故填earliest。
6．and 解析：考查连词。句意：他想知道这是什么，所以就问那个英国人。此句中wndered和asked是并列的两个谓语动词，而且是顺承关系，故填并列连词and。
7．it 解析：考查代词。句意：这个机器可以显示时间，但是它现在坏了。根据句意可知，此空应指代上文提到的this machine，故填it。
8．travel(l)er 解析：考查词性转换。句意：所以这位旅行者把表递给了他。根据上文内容可知，此处应是指那位英国人，第二段第一句话交代他是去意大利旅行，所以也可以称之为旅游者，故填表示人的名词travel(l)er。
9．t repair 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：修理那块表对他来说很容易。此句中第一个it是形式主语，后常用动词不定式作真正的主语。It is adj.fr sb. t d sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。故填t repair。
10．exactly 解析：考查词性转换。句意：他做出了一块类型完全一样的表。exactly the same意为“完全一样”，为固定搭配，故填exactly。
Ⅳ.短文改错
[2017·河南郑州一中教育集团一联]
Fr students learning instruments，summer is always a “music seasn”．During vacatin times，we are always busy attending variusly lessns，taking exams and participating in cmpetitins.This summer I jined a music cmpetitin but was lucky t get the secnd place.It was the first time that I had played n the stage in frnt f such many peple.I felt very upset at first，but the encurage frm my teacher keeps me ging ahead.Surprising，I was given the silver medal，that increased my cnfidence.If we try ur best t get ahead，we will be able t achieve what we desire and deserve it.
A few weeks ag when I gt clser t the classrm I heard laughter and drumming－my students bviusly thught they had a free perid! As I entered the classrm，the drumming stpped.“Gd mrning，Miss，” they tried t sund happy t see me；their faces were delighted but I knew this was nt fr me.“What are yu all ding？” “Nthing，Miss.” Guilty eyes stared back at me.
They pulled ut bks and sat and waited，but that_thing I had seen in their faces，that thing I had s hped t bring with my teaching，that thing was slipping away nw as they gt ready fr class.
“Nthing? Yu were ding smething.What？”There was quiet and I realized they thught I was angry.Eventually ne f them said，“Clumbus Day，Miss.Yu knw，the day Clumbus reached Trinidad with his ships.We are acting the Clumbus Day play.”
“Wait，yu mean the same Clumbus in the histry? Christpher Clumbus？”
“Yes，Miss.”
“，we did that chapter in the bk.Yu didn't answer my questins.” I felt my heart punding hard.“Open the bk，cme，quick，” I was excited nw.“Okay，s wh is taking part in the play? Cme t the frnt.Let's act ut this play.”
“Miss，yu said t pen the bk.We're nt ging t read？”
“I will read，yu will act and yu will drum and yu will see hw the chapter and the play wrk tgether.”
The students stared at me as if I were crazy.“Miss，fr real？”“Yes，fr real！”Had I hit upn smething here? There was smething I hadn't seen befre－these faces－excited，smiling，alive.These faces were what I dreamed f! One week later I gave the students the same questins n Clumbus that few had passed the first time and this time mre than half the class passed!
Frm this experience，I came t recgnize that bks are enugh fr sme students，but fr thers life，as they knw，has little t d with what's in the bk unless they see a crelatin.
1．What were the students ding when the authr gt clser t the classrm?
A．They were having a break.
B．They were acting a play.
C．They were thrwing a party.
D．They were reading histry bks.
2．What des “that thing” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Guilt and regrets.
B．Disappintment.
C．Interest and passin.
D．Satisfactin.
3．What did the authr ask the students t d in the class?
A．Perfrm a play abut Clumbus.
B．Retell the stry f Clumbus Day.
C．Read ne chapter in the bk alud.
D．Answer questins based n the bk.
4．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Think Outside the Bk
B．An Unfrgettable Experience
C．Educatin－the Key t Ignrance
D．A Special Celebratin f Clumbus Day
答案：[解题导语]学生们的学习不仅仅在于课本，通过活动把生活与书本联系起来或许会让孩子们表达出自己的兴趣和热情，展露发自内心的笑容。
1．B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句We are acting the Clumbus Day play.可知，他们正在表演。故选B项。
2．C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段的． that thing I had seen in their faces, that thing I had s hped t bring with my teaching, that thing was slipping away nw as they gt ready fr class.和第一段的their faces were delighted but I knew this was nt fr me.可知，学生们在老师不在的时候会笑得开心，而上课时是没有的；同时文章第九段提到，老师在宣布让大家表演的时候，学生们的脸上又露出了兴奋和充满活力的微笑，由此可推断that thing指的是“由内而发的兴趣和热情”。故选C项。
3．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段中的Cme t the frnt. Let's act ut this play.可知，老师让学生们表演有关哥伦布的戏剧。故选A项。
4．A 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在某节课上没有讲书本中的内容，而是让学生们表演，却收到了意想不到的效果；且根据文章最后一句．..I came t recgnize that bks are enugh fr sme students, but fr thers life, as they knw, has little t d with what's in the bk unless they see a crelatin.可知，本文强调书本之外的生活和思考。故选A项。B项太过宽泛；C、D两项偏离主题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2017·西北工业大学附中适应性训练]
It was the first mrning f the New Year and the weather was very cld.I have always been an early bird and my mrning walks have been the __1__ fr the last 7 years，s I put n my shes t__2__fr my first walk f the New Year.
There was cmplete __3__ utside.Litter culd be seen everywhere.It seemed that everyne had an allnight __4__.It was t cld t __5__anyne t be awake t clear all the walkways at 5 in the mrning.I was __6__ t walk n the dirty walkways and decided t g back hme.
I was abut t leave__7__ I saw Sam cleaning the garden.He is an emplyee f ur sciety assciatin and is __8__t take care f the walkways and the garden.I walked up t Sam as it was a(an)__9__ t see him there cleaning at this time.He saw me and plitely__10__ me，“Happy New Year! ”
“Hw cme yu are here and ding all this n the very first day f a new year？” I asked.Sam answered__11__，“It is the first day f the year s they shuld feel gd and special.Fr me，tday is like any ther __12__day and my jb starts with the__13__.”
It was gd t see smene s__14__at heart.Like ther staff members，Sam culd have taken a day __15__，but he wke up early and came fr all f us.I suddenly realized life des nt __16__ when the clck strikes twelve at midnight and a New Year begins.We __17__ all night，the surrund is dirty.Life ges n and thers need t __18__ up early and clear the garbage.Isn't the very next mrning a new day f a New Year fr all thse wh clear ur garbage? Why can't we als keep ur __19__ clean s that everyne can have a New Year the very next day? It is true that small things can make a big __20__ in ur lives.
1．A.manner B．trend
C．rutine D．prcedure
2．A.lk B．send
C．lng D．head
3．A.waste B．freedm
C．silence D．absence
4．A.celebratin B．traditin
C．decratin D．pllutin
5．A.rder B．expect
C．trust D．catch
6．A.tired B．scared
C．puzzled D．annyed
7．A.because B．thugh
C．unless D．when
8．A.advised B．prmted
C．suppsed D．determined
9．A.pleasure B．success
C．surprise D．hnur
10．A.suggested B．wished
C．asked D．cngratulated
11．A.cldly B．hpefully
C．casually D．calmly
12．A.dirty B．narrw
C．busy D．cld
13．A.beginning B．same
C．special D．new
14．A.devted B．cautius
C．hnest D．plite
15．A.ver B．ut
C．up D．ff
16．A.change B．imprve
C．return D．happen
17．A.sleep B．party
C．wrk D．clean
18．A.put B．stay
C．wake D．pick
19．A.surrundings B．cnditins
C．backgrund D．lcatin
20．A.decisin B．difference
C．prmise D．suggestin
答案：[解题导语]作者在新年的早晨出来散步，遇到社区协会的员工萨姆清理街道，让作者心生温暖。
1．C 解析：根据空后的fr the last 7 years可知，作者习惯早起已经七年了，所以早晨散步成了惯例。manner意为“方式；态度；举止”；trend意为“趋势；动向”；rutine意为“常规；惯例”；prcedure意为“程序；步骤”。故选C项。
2．D 解析：早晨散步成了作者的惯例，因此在新年的第一天，作者依然去散步。head fr意为“(朝……)前进；(向……)去”，符合语境。故选D项。lk fr意为“寻找”；send fr意为“派人去请”；lng fr意为“渴望”。
3．C 解析：根据该段第四句提到的时间at 5 in the mrning可知，早晨5点钟外面应该是寂静的。waste意为“浪费”；freedm意为“自由”；silence意为“寂静；沉默”；absence意为“不在；缺席”。故选C项。
4．A 解析：根据前一句Litter culd be seen everywhere.“垃圾遍地都是。”及下文的New Year可知，此处指“庆祝”新年。celebratin意为“庆祝活动；庆祝会”；traditin意为“传统”；decratin意为“装饰物；装饰”；pllutin意为“污染”。故选A项。
5．B 解析：根据下文的at 5 in the mrning可知，早晨5点天气太冷了所以不指望会有人来打扫街道。rder意为“命令；订购”；expect意为“期望；预料”；trust意为“信任”；catch意为“抓住”。故选B项。
6．D 解析：根据下文的t walk n the dirty walkways and decided t g back hme可知，走在脏乱的街道上作者肯定很恼怒(annyed)。故选D项。tired意为“困倦的；累的”；scared意为“害怕的”；puzzled意为“困惑的”。
7．D 解析：句意：我正要离开时突然看见萨姆在打扫花园。be abut 意为“某人正要做某事，突然……”，为固定句型，when在此为并列连词。故选D项。
8．C 解析：萨姆是社区协会的一名雇员，而他出现在这条街道上，所以他应是负责打扫这几条人行道和这个花园。be suppsed t d sth.意为“应该做某事”，符合语境。故选C项。advise意为“建议”；prmte意为“促进；增进”；determine意为“确定；决定”，均不符合语境。
9．C 解析：上文讲到清晨5点大街上没有人，再根据下一段作者的问话Hw cme yu are here and ding all this n the very first day f a new year？可知，作者认为这个时间看到萨姆在这里打扫卫生真是一件令人吃惊的事(surprise)。故选C项。pleasure意为“快乐；乐事”；success意为“成功”；hnur意为“光荣；荣誉；敬意”。
10．B 解析：根据空后的Happy New Year！可知，此处是萨姆在祝愿(wished)作者新年快乐。故选B项。suggest意为“建议”；ask意为“问；要求”；cngratulate意为“祝贺”。
11．D 解析：根据萨姆回答的内容可知，此处指他平静地(calmly)回答。故选D项。cldly意为“冷漠地”；hpefully意为“充满希望地”；casually意为“随便地；漫不经心地”；calmly意为“平静地”。
12．A 解析：虽然是新年的第一天，但萨姆并未觉得不同，还是和任何其他脏乱的一天一样。根据常识也可知，未打扫街道前，街道应该是脏的。dirty意为“脏的”；narrw意为“窄的”；busy意为“忙碌的”；cld意为“冷的”。故选A项。
13．B 解析：此处指萨姆的工作和每天一样从做相同的(same)事开始。故选B项。
14．A 解析：萨姆在新年的第一天就早早来打扫街道，作者认为这是发自内心的奉献精神。devted意为“投入的；奉献的”；cautius意为“小心的；谨慎的”；hnest意为“诚实的”；plite意为“有礼貌的”。故选A项。
15．D 解析：像其他的员工一样，萨姆本来可以休息一天的。take a day ff为固定搭配，意为“休假一天”，符合语境。故选D项。
16．A 解析：根据第18空前的Life ges n...“生活还在继续……”可知，生活并没有变化(change)。句意：我突然意识到钟声敲响十二下新年到来时，生活并没有改变。imprve意为“改进”；return 意为“归还”；happen意为“发生”。故选A项。
17．B 解析：根据第4空的It seemed that everyne had an allnight__4__.可知，此处指人们一夜狂欢，而周围却一片狼藉。party 在此作动词，意为“开派对”。故选B项。
18．C 解析：此处与上文“我们一夜狂欢”形成对比，指其他人却需要早起清理垃圾。put up意为“张贴；举起；建造”；stay up意为“熬夜”；wake up意为“醒来”；pick up意为“捡起；(无意中)学会”。根据语境可知选C项。
19．A 解析：根据第17空后的the surrund is dirty可知，此处指保持环境(surrundings)干净。故选A项。cnditin意为“条件”；backgrund意为“背景”；lcatin意为“位置；场所”。
20．B 解析：细小的事也能对我们的生活产生很大的影响。make a difference意为“有影响；起作用”，符合语境。故选B项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
[2017·衡水中学高三调研]
Switzerland is famus 1.________its watches.Hwever，this cuntry didn't invent the watch.It was the British wh did it.Here is a stry f hw the watch 2.________ (bring) t Switzerland.
Many years ag,3.________Englishman traveled t Italy and n his way he stpped in a small twn 4.________(call)Geneva in Switzerland.This Englishman traveled in a carriage inside which there was a carriage watch.This was the 5.________(early) kind f watch.A Blacksmith happened t see the watch.He wndered what it was 6.________ asked the Englishman abut it.“It is a carriage watch，”answered the man.“This machine can tell the time but nw 7.________ isn't wrking.”At nce the man ffered t try repairing it.S the 8.________ (travel) handed him the watch.The man was very clever.It was easy fr him 9.________ (repair)it.He even remembered hw it was made.And he made a watch f 10.________(exact) the same type.
答案：[解题导语]瑞士以手表而著名，但是很少人知道，最早发明手表的却是英国人。本文讲述了手表是怎样从英国被带到瑞士的。
1．fr 解析：考查介词。句意：瑞士因手表而著名。be famus fr...意为“因……而著名”，为固定搭配，故填fr。
2．was brught 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这里的故事讲述了手表是如何被带到瑞士的。分析句子结构可知，此处应用谓语动词，这件事发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时；且the watch和bring之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填was brught。
3．an 解析：考查冠词。句意：许多年前，一位英国人到意大利去旅行，中途在瑞士一座名叫日内瓦的小镇停了下来。Englishman是可数名词，此处泛指一个人，所以用不定冠词；Englishman的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。
4．called 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作定语修饰a small twn；a small twn和call之间是被动关系，故填过去分词called。
5．earliest 解析：考查比较等级。句意：这是最早类型的表。本文是讲述手表的来历，所以此处应是在说最早的表，结合空前的the可知应用最高级。故填earliest。
6．and 解析：考查连词。句意：他想知道这是什么，所以就问那个英国人。此句中wndered和asked是并列的两个谓语动词，而且是顺承关系，故填并列连词and。
7．it 解析：考查代词。句意：这个机器可以显示时间，但是它现在坏了。根据句意可知，此空应指代上文提到的this machine，故填it。
8．travel(l)er 解析：考查词性转换。句意：所以这位旅行者把表递给了他。根据上文内容可知，此处应是指那位英国人，第二段第一句话交代他是去意大利旅行，所以也可以称之为旅游者，故填表示人的名词travel(l)er。
9．t repair 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：修理那块表对他来说很容易。此句中第一个it是形式主语，后常用动词不定式作真正的主语。It is adj.fr sb. t d sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”。故填t repair。
10．exactly 解析：考查词性转换。句意：他做出了一块类型完全一样的表。exactly the same意为“完全一样”，为固定搭配，故填exactly。
Ⅳ.短文改错
[2017·河南郑州一中教育集团一联]
Fr students learning instruments，summer is always a “music seasn”．During vacatin times，we are always busy attending variusly lessns，taking exams and participating in cmpetitins.This summer I jined a music cmpetitin but was lucky t get the secnd place.It was the first time that I had played n the stage in frnt f such many peple.I felt very upset at first，but the encurage frm my teacher keeps me ging ahead.Surprising，I was given the silver medal，that increased my cnfidence.If we try ur best t get ahead，we will be able t achieve what we desire and deserve it.
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