2018高考英语语法填空类阅读练习及答案：侧重句型结构

这是一份2018高考英语语法填空类阅读练习及答案：侧重句型结构，共8页。
【2018高考选练】语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
W: S Mr. Brwn, this is yur bed, and as yu can see, there are three ther beds in the ward. Have yu 1.________ (get) everything yu need?
M: Yes, nurse, I think 2.________. I fllwed the hspital's advice, and I've nly brught a few 3.________ (belng) with me.
W: Gd，yu can see the reasns 4.________ we ask yu t d that, the cupbard is 5.________ (real) very small.
M: Yes, nurse, can yu tell me what the visiting hurs are?
W: Yes, f curse. They are in the afternn frm 2：30 t 4：30 and in the evening frm 7：00 6.________ 8：00, but remember that nly tw peple can see yu at the same time.
M: I see. What ther rules are there?
W: Yes. We start pretty early. We wake yu at 6 'clck，and breakfast is at 8 'clck, lunch is at nn, there is tea at 3：30, and supper is at 6 'clck.
M: Oh, that's very 7.________ (difference) frm what I have been used t. Yu'd better tell me the rest f the rules here.
W: Yes. Well，yu can see the n 8.________ (smke) sign. We dn't allw smking in the wards, and the same 9.________ (g) fr alchl. Hwever, if yu 10.________ (need) t smke, there are special rms.
M: Oh, I dn't smke, s it desn't affect me.
W: Gd.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇对话。一位病人刚刚入住医院，护士正在向他交代一些注意事项和医院的规章制度。
解析：
1．gt/gtten 考查动词。句意：你已经把需要的东西都备齐了吗？现在完成时的基本构成是“have/has＋动词的过去分词”，所以此处应填get的过去分词gt/gtten。
2．s 考查省略。句意：是的，护士，我想我已经备齐了(我认为如此)。s作代词，意为“这样”，I think s是“I think I have gt everything I need”的省略。
3．belngings 考查词性转换。句意：我听从医院的建议，而且我只随身带了几件物品。根据a few可知，此处应用名词形式。belnging作名词，多用作复数，意为“附属品，拥有物”。
4．why 考查定语从句。句意：很好，你会明白我们要求你这样做的原因。根据句意可知，用关系副词why引导定语从句，修饰先行词reasns，意为“……的原因”。
5．really 考查词性转换。句意：这个橱柜真的是太小了。修饰形容词small用副词。
6．t 考查介词。句意为：探视时间是下午2：30至4：30，晚上7：00至8：00。 frm ... t ... 从……到……。上文的“... frm 2：30 t 4：30”也为此空的填写提供了依据。
7．different 考查词性转换。句意：这和我一直以来的习惯非常不同。此句是主系表结构且空格前有副词very修饰，所以可以推测出此处应填形容词different。
8．smking 考查非谓语动词。句意：你可以看到“禁烟”标志。n相当于nt a/an或nt any。修饰名词或动名词。
9．ges 考查一般现在时及主谓一致。句意：我们不允许在病房里吸烟，同样也不允许饮酒。the same是the same rule的省略，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。g fr在此意为“适用于”。
10．d need 考查强调句。句意：如果你的确需要吸烟，这有专门的房间。“d/did＋动词原形”表示强调，意为“的确，确实”。
【语法填空】The Great President
As the funder f the republic, the president had many gd qualities. 1 cming t pwer, he was a generus lawyer. He was willing t selflessly help everyne 2 turned t him. He accepted n fee 3 (ffer) legal guidance and pinins t thse wh were ut f wrk r uneducated. Later, 4 (believe) all mankind t be equal, he devted 5 t stpping the unfair anti-black laws. He set up the Black Yuth League and 6 (vte) t be the leader. Hwever, 7 he kept peaceful principles withut vilence and terrr, his mean enemies still blew up his huse and attacked his relatives, 8 he himself culdn’t escape 9 (sentence) t 30 years in prisn.
Nt fearing f the prisn guards’ 10 (cruel), he kept active and begged n mercy frm them. As a matter f fact, he was always hpeful and never lst heart during the stage even thugh he was in truble.
Finally, peple rewarded him with the leader’s psitin and a gld blanket.
【参考填空】Keys:
1. Befre 2. wh 3. t ffer 4. believing 5. himself
6. was vted 7. thugh/ althugh 8. and 9. being sentenced 10. cruelty
【语法填空】A Brave Maid
A wden vase frm the Ming Dynasty at the entrance f the receptin hall ___1 (amaze)everyne. The artists designed it in a rare style and selected __2 (value) jewels t decrate it. Peple thught highly __3 its fancy clur f hney and the beautiful paintings n it.
The vase used t belng t a frmer castle. ___4 when the cuntry was at war, the enemy trps explded the castle. Debates n hw the vase survived went n and n. In rder ___5 (remve) peple’s dubt, a team f n less than 20 peple carried ut ___6 infrmal investigatin. The evidences they fund shwed ___7__ a maid tk the vase apart and asked a sailr t sink it in a lcal well. __8 never gave away the secret even under the cruel trial f the enemies ___9 were in search f treasures.
It is wrth ____10 (give) this brave maid a frtune in return.
【参考答案】Keys:
1.amazed 2.valuable 3.f 4.But 5.t remve
6.an 7.that 8.She 9.wh/that 10.giving
语法填空：侧重句型结构
典型例题
1.【2016·全国新课标I】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chengdu has dzens f new millinaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new htels. But fr turists like me, pandas are its tp____61_(attract).
S it was a great hnur t be invited backstage at the nt-fr-prfit Panda Base, where ticket mney helps pay fr research, I_____62_（allw）t get up clse t these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. Frm tmrrw, I will be their UK ambassadr. The title will be __63___(fficial) given t me at a ceremny in Lndn. But my cnnectin with pandas ges back ____64__ my days n a TV shw in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reprter__66___ (permit) t film a special unit caring fr pandas rescued frm starvatin in the wild. My ambassadrial duties will include ____67_(intrduce) British visitrs t the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and thers at a research in the misty muntains f Bifengxia.
On my recent visit, I help a lively three-mnth-ld twin that had been rejected by _____68_ (it) mther. The nursery team switches him every few __69__( day) with his sister s that while ne is being bttle-fed, __70____ ther is with mum-she never suspects.
解析：
高考中关于语法的部分内容多，因此在考试中精确定位考点，明确做题方向是是提高速度和准确度的关键点。而要做到这一点的“屠龙之术”就是要辨析词汇的词性。考生在复习时不能单纯只记忆词汇的意思，还要熟记词汇的词性。
attract是动词，而前面有形容词tp，根据“形容词+名词”的方法，要把attract变成名词attractin。
句首s是连词，连接两句话，因此I_____62_（allw）t get up clse t these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.是一个完整的句子，而本句中还没有谓语动词，给出的allw又是动词，因此本空要考虑时态和语态。有前面S it was可知是一般过去时，I与allw之间是被动关系，因此本空应填was allwed。
fficial是形容词，后面有动词given，根据“副词修饰动词的方法”，要把fficial变成副词fficially。
本题是要自己填写单词，因此要填写虚词。本题考察介词的固定搭配g back t，因此填介词t。
But my cnnectin with pandas ges back ____64__ my days n a TV shw in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reprter__66___ (permit) t film a special unit caring fr pandas rescued frm starvatin in the wild.本句中有两个谓语动词“g back t”和“was”，因此是逗号前后连接两个完整的句子，因此本空要填连词或者连接词。本题是考察定语从句，从句完整，先行词是时间，因此应填when。
按65题分析，逗号后面是一个完整的单句，本句中已有谓语动词was，而给出的permit又是动词，因此本空要填非谓语动词，前面的名词 reprter与permit是被动关系，因此本空应填过去分词permitted。
intrduce是动词，考察非谓语的固定搭配，include+ding，因此本空要填intrducing。
it是人称代词，后面有名词mther，根据“物主代词+名词的方法”，本空要填its。
day是名词，前面有不定代词few表示一些，因此要填名词的复数，days。
本题是要自己填写单词，因此要填写虚词。考察固定搭配 因此本空要填写冠词the。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2016高考训练】
Maybe yu dn’t think animals have certain mental pwers which human beings d nt have. But the truth is that sme f them have instincts, and besides this, I am sure they can feel certain things we humans cannt. A persnal experience shwed me this.
Sme years ag, I had a dg named Hward. Frm the time when he was a puppy, he was timid, s we named him Hward, sunding like “cward”! He was especially afraid f thunderstrms. At the first flash f lightning r crash f thunder, he wuld run whining int his huse and hide under a table.
I ften went fr a walk with Hward. Once, as we were walking alng a rad, it began t rain. I quickly ran t a bus stp fr shelter. The bus stp had a rf supprted by metal ples. Sn after I had gt there, Hward caught my trusers in his teeth and tried t pull me away. At first I was puzzled and a little angry at his behavir. But I decided t humr him and walked away frm the shelter int the rain and started t g hme.
When I was abut tw hundred metres frm the shelter, there came a flash f lightning and sn after, there was thunder which nearly deafened me. Hward stpped walking and began whining. Thinking he was afraid, I bent t pick him up. As I straightened up, I glanced at the bus shelter we had just left. I was shcked t see that tw f the ples were bent and the rf was lying n the grund, brken. The shelter had been struck by the blt f lightning!
1. The reasn why the authr was puzzled and angry with the dg was that .
A. Hward had a strange behavirB. Hward shuld be afraid f the metal ples
C. Hward shuld knw the appraching f the terrible lightning
D. Hward bit his trusers in his teeth
2. Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the passage?
A. Dgs are cleverer and better than men. B. Dgs are usually afraid f thunderstrms.
C. Sme animals can feel certain things humans cannt.
D. Dgs are naturally brn heres.
3. What can be inferred abut the bus shelter frm the passage?
A. It was abut 200 meters frm the authr’s hme. B. It was destryed in a rainy day.
C. Its rf was supprted by wd ples. D. It culd prduce blinding flash f lightning.
参考答案、ACB
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2016高考训练】
Lst iPhne
Unexpectedly, I lst my white iPhn5s in Midtwn n Friday night. It had a blue green cver n it. There are many pictures f my sn n it, and I’m heartbrken, Please return, n questins asked. Reward. Reply t: -2652255359@craigslist.rg
D yu need a babysitter that yu can trust?
My name is Tina. I am a respnsible babysitter that yu can trust. If yu are lking fr smene dependable and affrdable I am that persn! I HAVE MORE THAN 30 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE (including disabled children)! I am a retired Hme Health Aid and abslutely lve children. I wrk with my sister Iris wh has als 20+years as a teacher’s assistant. WE LOOK FORWARD TO MEETINC YOU! Available 24 hurs and flexible with fees! I am fully bilingual—Spanish/English. Please email me r call 712-867-7688.
I BABYSIT ONLY AT MY HOME.
I accept children frm all ages. Fee starts frm $100-$150 a week depending n the hurs. I am very flexible and my fee can change. Feel free t cntact me via email r n my cell phne 566-67-1873 and we can wrk smething ut.
Part-time Chinese Babysitter Wanted
Part-time Chinese speaking babysitter needed t assist with ne-year-ld twins and t perfrm sme light huse wrk as needed. Assistance needed Fridays and ccasinal weekends. Please prvide yur salary expectatin. Cllege students are welcme t apply.
Reply t:cmm-encbq-2652113885 @craigslist.rg
1. Wh psted the lst and fund infrmatin?
A . A mther B. A kind wman C. A heartbrken girl D. A parent
2. If yu want t send yur kids t the babysitter’s hme, yu can find ne in______.
A. Ad 1 B. Ad 2 C. Ad 3 D. Ad 4
3. What d we knw abut Tina?
A. She can speak tw languages. B. She lives alne nw.
C. She takes care f children ver 3. D. She used t be a teacher’s assistant.
4. An applicant accepted by Ad 5 will have t .
A. be able t speak tw languages B. be a cllege graduate
C. wrk every weekend D. lk after tw children
参考答案1—4、DCAD