2021年高考英语全国专用考前三个月课件：专题一 阅读理解 满分方略 第三步 题型突破（五）

这是一份2021年高考英语全国专用考前三个月课件：专题一 阅读理解 满分方略 第三步 题型突破（五），共30页。
A(2017·福建南平一模)Wandering arund the airprt terminal(航站楼)，after learning my flight had been delayed fur hurs，I heard an annuncement，“If anyne near Gate A-4 understands any Arabic，please cme t the gate immediately.”I went there and saw an ld wman in full traditinal Palestinian dress crying n the flr.A yung man frm the airprt staff asked me t talk t her t find ut what was her prblem.He said she started t cry when hearing the annuncement abut the flight.
题型突破(五)　 推理判断之细节推断题
I knelt dwn，put my arms arund her and asked her what was wrng.My Arabic wasn’t gd enugh but I managed t get my meaning acrss.She sn stpped crying and tld me she had thught the flight had been canceled.She needed t be in El Pas fr an imprtant medical treatment the next day.I said，“Yu’ll be fine.Yu’ll get there but nly a few hurs late.Wh is ging t pick yu up？Let’s call him.”We called her sn.I spke t him in English.I tld him I wuld stay with his mther till we barded the plane.Later，I called my dad whse Arabic was better and asked him t talk t her.She lked much mre relaxed while talking n the phne.
Later she tk ut a sack f hmemade ckies stuffed with dates and nuts and ffered them t all the wmen at the gate：the traveler frm Argentina，the mm frm Califrnia，the lvely wman frm Lared.Everybdy smiled and accepted her ckies t eat.And my new best friend and I were hlding hands，while the thers arund us were talking with each ther with different accents.I almst wanted t hug all thse ther wmen t.I lked arund that gate and thught t myself，“This is surely the wrld peple want t live in.”语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，叙述的是在飞机场一位老妇人误解了飞机通告而痛哭，后来在作者的帮助下高兴起来的故事。
1.Why did the ld lady cry at the airprt terminal gate?A.The plane was medical treatment was didn’t knw which flight t misunderstd the annuncement.
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“She sn stpped crying and tld me she had thught the flight had been canceled.”可知，她误解了通告。故选D。
2.It can be inferred authr was PalestinianB.mst passengers were frm AmericaC.the authr’s first language was EnglishD.the ld lady had never travelled abrad
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“My Arabic wasn’t gd enugh but I managed t get my meaning acrss.”及“We called her sn.I spke t him in English.”可知，作者的第一语言是英语。故选C。
3.Accrding t the passage，we learn that the authr and activeB.warm-hearted and helpfulC.creative and intelligentD.enthusiastic but aggressive
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I knelt dwn，put my arms arund her and asked her what was wrng.My Arabic wasn’t gd enugh but I managed t get my meaning acrss.”及“We called her sn.I spke t him in English.I tld him I wuld stay with his mther till we barded the plane.”可知，作者热心肠，乐于助人。故选B。
B(2017·四川成都七中二模)Have Yu Ever Wndered?
语篇解读　本篇是说明文，介绍了飞机从东往西飞行花的时间久的原因和地球引力消失将会发生的变化。
4.What infrmatin can we get frm the first passage?A.It is the jet stream that affects hw fast airplanes g slwer when they are mving with the takes mre time t fly frm NY t Lndn than frm Lndn t jet stream always blws frm the east t the west acrss the Atlantic.
解析　细节理解题。从第一段第二句“The reasn fr the difference is an atmspheric phenmenn knwn as the jet(喷射) stream.”可知，大西洋上空特定的气流状况是影响飞机速度的重要因素。A项与之相符。其余三项论述与文章内容不符。
5.The underlined wrd “sht” in the 2nd paragraph prbably means “________” fr B.mve quicklyC.cme ut D.grw quickly
解析　词义猜测题。根据下文内容及科学常识我们知道若没有地球引力，建筑物内的人将可能快速地飞向某一方向。send fr派人去请；cme ut发芽，出版；grw quickly快速成长/生长。A、C、D三项含义不对。
6.It can be inferred that withut and ther structures wuld flat awayB.trees and buildings wuld nt s easily fly ffC.smething arund yur head wuld nt flat awayD.everything utside buildings wuld fly ff int space
解析　推理判断题。由第二段中的“Things nt attached t the Earth wuld fly ff in a straight line.”以及后文中的例子可知选B项。文章中说的是不固定在地球上的东西在失去地球引力时会四处乱飞，其余三项中的例子都有所偏颇。
7.Where can we mst prbably read this text?A.In a research a shrt a travel a student’s bk.
解析　文章出处题。文章论述的是较为浅显的科学问题，所以不可能是出自科学论文，也不可能出自旅游杂志。又因为作者是从科学道理和事实方面进行阐述的，所以不是出自故事类刊物，只能是选于学生用的教材。
CThe days f having t carry a phne charger everywhere culd sn be ver.Michigan researchers have revealed a majr breakthrugh in harvesting energy frm human mtin.They say it culd lead t smartphnes pwered fr a week by the mtin f a swipe(重击).
Michigan State University’s lw-cst device，knwn as a nangeneratr，has already been tested.Scientists successfully perated an LCD tuch screen，a bank f 20 LED lights and a flexible keybard，all with a simple tuching r pressing mtin and withut the aid f a battery.The grundbreaking findings，published in the jurnal Nan Energy，suggest “we’re n the path tward wearable devices pwered by human mtin，” said Nelsn Sepulveda，assciate prfessr f electrical and cmputer engineering and lead researcher f the prject.
“What I fresee，relatively sn，is the capability f nt having t charge yur cell phne fr an entire week，fr example，because that energy will be prduced by yur mvement，” said Sepulveda，whse research is funded by the Natinal Science Fundatin.Electrical energy is created when the device is cmpressed by human mtin.The cmpleted device is as thin as a sheet f paper.The device used t pwer the LED lights was palm-sized，while the device used t pwer the tuch screen was as small as a finger.Advantages such as being lightweight，flexible and lw-cst culd make it a prmising and alternative methd in the field f mechanical-energy harvesting.
The device als becmes mre pwerful when flded.Sepulveda said，“Yu can start with a large device，but when yu fld it nce，and again，and again，it’s much smaller and has mre energy.Nw it may be small enugh t put in a specially made heel f yur she s it creates pwer each time yur heel strikes the grund.”Sepulveda and his team are als develping technlgy that wuld transmit the pwer generated by the heel strike t，say，a wireless headset.语篇解读　密歇根的研究人员取得了一项重大突破，可以从人体运动中收集能量。
8.Wh is Nelsn Sepulveda?A.The majr researcher in the prject.B.A prfessr f fund supplier f the research.D.A jurnalist writing fr Nan Energy.
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“ Nelsn Sepulveda，assciate prfessr f electrical and cmputer engineering and lead researcher f the prject.”可知，Nelsn Sepulveda是项目的主要研究者。故选A。
9.The underlined wrd “device” in the 2nd paragraph is clsest in meaning t “________” D.machine
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“ as a nangeneratr，has already been tested.”即纳米发电器，已通过测试。可知画线词的意思应该是“机器”，故选D。
10.Frm the passage we knw that the nangeneratr mre pwerful when kept flatB.has already cme int market in the USAC.is lightweight and flexible thugh expensiveD.makes it pssible t prduce pwer by walking
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“that energy will be prduced by yur mvement”可知，这使通过步行来生产电能变得可能。故选D。
11.The purpse f the passage is peple t buy the deviceB.bring in a new way t save energyC.intrduce a breakthrugh in scienceD.hnr Nelsn Sepulveda fr his cntributins
解析　写作意图题。根据第一段中的“Michigan researchers have revealed a majr breakthrugh in harvesting energy frm human mtin.”及全文对此的介绍可知，本文在介绍科学上的一项重大突破。故选C。
D(2017·广东深圳一模)Many Beijing residents g t great lengths t avid breathing the city’s smggy air，especially when it reaches critical pllutin levels，but ne lcal entrepreneur decided that canning and selling this pr quality air as a suvenir wuld be a great idea.Believe it r nt，he was right.After seeing a number f cmpanies achieve cmmercial success by canning fresh air frm cuntries like France，Canada r Australia and selling it in China，Dminic Jhnsn-Hill，a British-brn citizen f Beijing and wner f the Plastered 8 suvenir shp，decided t turn the idea n its head and sell canned Beijing air thrughut China and abrad.
“I’d seen peple ging crazy t buy canned air frm Canada and Australia，s I thught it was time t push business the ther way，” the entrepreneur said.“They’re perfect gifts! What else are yu ging t take hme when yu g hme frm Beijing? A rast duck? A Plastered T-shirt? These cans are light，prtable；yu can just imagine smene’s face when they unwrap it fr Christmas.”
The few muth-fulls f Beijing air cme in standard tin cans featuring a cuple f icnic city landmarks as well as a snarky descriptin f the cntents：“a unique blend f nitrgen(氮气)，xygen and sme ther stuff”.The tngue-in-cheek suvenirs cst 28 RMB (US 4) and are available at the Plastered 8 shp，as well as n its nline shp.But if yu’re actually cnsidering buying sme，yu’d better ask the shp in advance，as they are virtually flying ff the shelves.Jhnsn-Hill tld Ruptly that his shp is selling hundreds f Beijing air cans every day.
Persnally，the well-sld can prbably is an awakening fr the public t be cncerned abut the living cnditins.Yet ne thing that’s nt particularly clear is if the air is really cllected frm Beijing，as the cans are labeled as “Made in Shenzhen”.There’s a big chance that’s just Plastered 8 humr，as they als list “Chking Hazard” and “May have cme int cntact with nuts” as warnings.Anyway，it is prbably a unique way t aruse public awareness f prtecting the envirnment.语篇解读　北京空气污染严重已不是新闻，但最近有人把北京空气罐装出售，却非常畅销。
12.What are many peple in Beijing likely t d with the smggy air?A.Try t get used t it as a it all ver the their best t avid it.
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Many Beijing residents g t great lengths t avid breathing the city’s smggy air，especially when it reaches critical pllutin levels...”可知北京人避犹不及。故选D。
13.Hw may ne feel when receiving canned Beijing air fr Christmas?A.Satisfied. D.Refreshed.
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“These cans are light，prtable；yu can just imagine smene’s face when they unwrap it fr Christmas.”可知你可以想象别人收到你的礼物时的表情，肯定是很惊讶。故选B。
14.Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd “stuff” in Paragraph 4?A.Liquids. D.Risks.
解析　词义猜测题。对罐中所含物的描述：氮气、氧气以及其他的物质。空气里肯定含有很多的物质。故选B。
15.What can we infer frm the passage?A.There are unidentified bjects in the canned Beijing Plastered 8 suvenir shp is famus fr its writer may expect us t care mre abut the Jhnsn-Hill is a British man wh lives in Beijing.
解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“ is prbably a unique way t aruse public awareness f prtecting the envirnment.”可知作者希望此举能引起公众的注意去保护环境。故选C。