英语必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions教案设计

这是一份英语必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions教案设计，共12页。
1．defend vt.保护；保卫；为……辩护→defence n．防御；保卫
2．evident adj.明显的；明白的→evidence n．证据；证明
3．achieve vt.完成；成就；取得→achievement n．成就；成绩；达到
4．surrund vt.围绕；包围→surrunding adj.周围的→surrundings n．周围的事物；环境
5．lcate v．确定……的地点→lcatin n．地方；地点；位置
6．legal adj.法律的；合法的→illegal adj.非法的
7．greet vt.问候；迎接→greeting n．问候；迎接
1．individual adj.单独的；个别的；独特的；与众不同的 n．个人；与众不同的人；有个性的人
①The cmpetitin is pen t bth teams and individuals.n.个人
②She has her wn individual style f ding things.adj.独特的
③A teacher can't give individual attentin t each pupil if his class is large.adj.单独的
2．chief adj.最重要的；最高级别的；总的；主要的
n．族长；酋长；主管人员；(公司或机构的)首领
①He married ff his daughter t the lcal chief.n．首领
②Dn was appinted chief engineer f the prject. adj.总的
③The chief reasn fr ging t schl is t learn.adj.主要的
Wrds And Phrases
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点1) 把……和……连接或联结起来
(教材P40)In the 16th century，the nearby cuntry f Wales was jined t the Kingdm f England.
16世纪，邻近的威尔士并入英格兰王国。
[例1] The island is jined t the mainland by a bridge.
岛上有座桥与大陆相连。
[例2] Hw can we jin this island and that ne?
我们怎样才能将这个岛和那个岛连接起来？
[造句]因特网把每个个体和团体都连接起来。
Every individual r grup is jined t the wrld by the Internet.
[知识拓展]
jin in 参加；加入
jin sb. in (ding)sth.
加入某人做某事；和某人一起做某事
jin the club/army/party
加入俱乐部/参军/入党
jin up(with sb.)(与某人)联合，会合
[即学即练]
单句语法填空
①We jined pint A t pint B in a straight line.
②We plan t jin up with the ther climbers n the ther side f the muntain.
③Everybdy has t jin in the training.
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点2) break away (frm sb./sth.)
脱离；背叛；逃脱
(教材P40)Finally，in the 20th century，the suthern part f Ireland brke away frm the UK...
最后，在20世纪，爱尔兰的南部脱离了英国……
[例1] Jhn brke away and ran utside，determined never t g t anther dance.
约翰离开(舞伴)跑了出去，决定再也不参加任何舞会了。
[例2] It was wrng fr him t break away frm all his gd friends.
他和他所有的好朋友决裂是错误的。
[造句]犯人挣脱了看守。
The prisner brke away frm the guards.
[知识拓展]
break dwn 损坏；分解；(汽车)抛锚
break in 非法闯入；插嘴，打断
break int 破门而入，非法闯入；突然……起来
break ff 打断；折断；中断(说话)
break ut (战争、火灾、疾病等)突然发生，爆发
break thrugh 冲突；突破
break up 分解；分裂
[即学即练]
用break的相关短语填空
①The tw cuntries are ging t meet t break dwn sme barriers t trade between them.
②We had t break int the huse as we had lst the key.
③The husband and wife are always quarreling and their relatins are breaking up．
④The Unin was cnsisted f several cuntries，ne f which brke away frm it later because f cnflicts.
⑤The fire brke ut during the day，and therefre almst n ne was injured.
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点3) belng t属于
(教材P40)The fur cuntries that belng t the United Kingdm wrk tgether in sme areas.
所属英国的四个国家在一些领域进行了合作。
[例1] Wh des this watch belng t?
这块表是谁的？
[例2] China is a develping cuntry belnging t the third wrld.
中国是个发展中国家，属于第三世界。
[造句]我过去是一个青年俱乐部的成员。
I used t belng t a yuth club.
[知识拓展]
(1)belng in 适于；适宜(放在某处)
(2)belngings n. 财产；所有物；亲戚
[即学即练]
单句语法填空/翻译句子
①She packed her few belngings(belng)in a bag and left.
②Hwever，the man，t whm the bike belnged，decided nt t keep it.
③这个袋子是我的。
This bag belngs t me.
[名师点津]
belng t用法两注意
belng t中的t是介词，该短语既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态；作后置定语时，形式为“ t”。
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点4) (教材P40)They use the same flag，knwn as the Unin Jack，as well as share the same currency and military defence．
像拥有同样的货币和军事防御，他们也使用同一面国旗，即众所周知的英国国旗。
(1)as well as 同(一样也)；和；还
[例1] We can knw mre abut the life f great peple as well as histry and cultures f ther cuntries.
我们能够了解更多伟人的生活以及其他国家的历史和文化。
[例2] As well as being a phtgrapher，she is a talented musician.
她不但是个摄影师而且还是个天才音乐家。
[造句]除了摔断了腿，他还伤了胳膊。
As well as breaking his leg，he hurt his arm.
[知识拓展]
as well as连接两种词性、结构对等的成分，如对等名词、动词、代词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式等。重点掌握以下要点：
1)as well as连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词根据其前面的名词或代词确定。
2)as well as位于句首，相当于besides，in additin t，后接动词时，用动名词形式。
3)as well as也可以表示同级比较，意思是“和……一样好”，well为副词。
[即学即练]
单句语法填空/同义句改写
①Helen，as well as her brthers，has gne(g)abrad already.
②As well as learning(learn)English，we want t experience life in the USA.
③Students shuld develp their wn interests as well as d(d)their schlwrk.
④The child is lively as well as healthy(health).
⑤He didn't perfrm as well(gd)as sme f his cmpetitrs.
⑥They visited sme factries，hspitals as well as the schl.
→They visited nt nly the schl but als sme factries and hspitals.
(2)defence n．防御；保卫
[例1] In defence f ur natin，many sldiers lst their lives.
为了保卫我们的国家，很多战士献出了生命。
[例2] Mst cuntries have armies fr their defence.
大多数国家都有用于防御的军队。
[造句]他搬出马丁·路德·金的名字来为自己的行为辩解。
He mentined the name f Martin Luther King in defence f his actins.
[知识拓展]
1)in defence (f ...) 为了保卫(……)
2)defend vt. 保护；保卫；为……辩护
保卫……以免受……
[即学即练]
单句语法填空
①We must see t it that there is n gap in ur defence(defend).
②What talking pints can be raised in defence f this argument?
③All ur fficers are trained t defend themselves against/frm knife attacks.
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点5) (教材P40)Almst everywhere yu g in the UK，yu will be surrunded by evidence f fur different grups f peple wh tk ver at different times thrughut histry.
几乎无论你走到英国的哪个地方，周围总有迹象表明，在历史上，有四群人在不同的时期统治着英国。
(1)surrund vt.围绕；包围
[例1] Jill was sitting n the flr surrunded by bxes.
吉尔坐在地板上，周围摆满了箱子。
[例2] If yu're serius abut wanting t live a healthy life，it's extremely imprtant t surrund yurself with peple wh'll prvide yu with prper emtinal supprt.
如果你真的想过上健康的生活，和能给你提供适当情感支持的人在一起是尤为重要的。
[造句]对于有些人来说，幸福就是被家人和朋友们包围着。
T sme peple，happiness is being surrunded by family and friends.
[知识拓展]
1)be surrunded by... 被……包围、环绕
2)surrund neself with sb./sth. 和某人/某物在一起
3)surrunding adj. 周围的；附近的
4)surrundings n. 环境
[即学即练]
单句语法填空/翻译句子
①When I came t the airprt，I saw that the place was surrunded(surrund)by plice.
②Steve arrived and sat in the frnt rw，surrunded(surrund)by his family.
③Standing n the tp，we admired the surrunding(surrund)scenes.
④She was faced with a new jb in unfamiliar surrundings(surrunding).
⑤他喜欢结交幽默的人们。
He likes t surrund himself with humrus peple.
[小片段填空]
Once upn a time，a king wh was plite t surrunding cuntries，lived in a castle surrunded by a large frest and having wnderful surrundings．
从前，在一个绿树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一位国王，他对邻邦十分友好。
(2)evidence n．证据；证明
[例1] There's sme evidence that utdr activities are gd fr us.
有证据证明，户外活动对我们有好处。
[例2] The first signs f spring are in evidence.
春天的最初迹象已显而易见。
[造句]目前我们没有在其他行星上存在生命的证据。
At present we have n evidence f life n ther planets.
[知识拓展]
1)There is sme/n evidence that...
(没)有证据证明……
in evidence 显眼；显而易见
2)evident adj. 明显的；明白的
It's evident that... 很明显……
3)evidently adv. 显然；明显地；清楚地
[即学即练]
用evidence的适当形式填空/完成句子
①He evidently hated maths at schl，s it's amazing he became an accuntant!
②It must be evident t all f yu that he has made a mistake.
③A new study has fund n evidence that sunscreen actually increases the risk f skin cancer.
④很明显，年轻人的教育对一个国家的未来是至关重要的。
It is evident that educatin f the yung is vital t the future f a cuntry.
[小片段填空]
His ftprints were clearly evident in the heavy dust，which is the evidence that he had cme here befre.
他的脚印在尘土中清晰可见，这就是他先前来过这里的证据。
eq \a\vs4\al(知识要点6) keep ne's eyes pen (fr)留心；留意
(教材P41)If yu keep yur eyes pen，yu will be surprised t find that yu can see bth its past and its present.如果你留心的话，你会惊奇地发现你能看到它的过去和现在。
[例1] Keep yur eyes pen fr a by in a red cap and sweater.
你要留心注意一个戴红帽子，身穿红毛衣的小男孩。
[例2] Just keep yur eyes pen and yur muth shut.
请你睁大眼睛，闭上嘴巴。
[造句]警方要求居民留意一切不同寻常的情况。
The plice asked the residents t keep their eyes pen fr anything unusual.
[知识拓展]
keep an eye n 照看，照管；留心注意
lk sb. in the eye(s) 直视别人
have an eye fr 对……有判断力/鉴赏力
catch sb.'s eye 吸引某人的注意
[即学即练]
完成句子
①We've asked the neighburs t keep an eye n (照看)the huse fr us while we are away.
②A red pencil­mark n the fifth page caught his eye(引起了他的注意).
③A gd artist must have an eye fr clr(对颜色有判断力).
Sentence Patterns
eq \a\vs4\al(重点句式1) everywhere引导地点状语从句
(教材P40)Almst everywhere yu g in the UK，yu will be surrunded by evidence f fur different grups f peple wh tk ver at different times thrughut histry.几乎无论你走到英国的哪个地方，周围总有迹象表明，在历史上，有四群人在不同的时期统治着英国。
[句式分析]
句中everywhere yu g in the UK为everywhere引导的地点状语从句，相当于wherever yu g in the UK。
[例1] Everywhere they lked，nearly everything was destryed.他们无论朝哪里看，几乎一切都被毁了。
[例2] Everywhere he ges，he will nt frget the terrible experience.
无论走到哪儿，他永远也忘不了那次可怕的经历。
[造句]无论去哪儿，我都发现同样的事情。
Everywhere I g，I find the same thing.
[知识拓展]
引导地点状语从句的连词有：where(在……地方)，wherever(无论哪里，在任何地方)，everywhere(每一……地方，到处)，anywhere(任何地方)。
[即学即练]
完成句子/翻译句子/同义句改写
①Wherever the film star ges，there are crwds f peple waiting t see her.
这位电影明星所到之处都有成群的人等着见她。
②Yu can g anywhere yu like．
你可以去任何你想去的地方。
③有志者，事竟成。
Where there is a will，there is a way.
④我哪儿也看不到它。
I can't see it anywhere.
⑤我们所到之处游客人头攒动。
Everywhere we went was full f turists.
⑥She'll wear fine jewellery everywhere she ges.
→She'll wear fine jewellery n matter where/wherever she ges.
eq \a\vs4\al(重点句式2) the way后接定语从句
(教材P40－41)They intrduced the beginnings f the English language，and changed the way peple built huses．
他们引进了英语的起源，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。
[句式分析]
eq \x(句中the way 后为省略了关系词that 或in which的定语从句。)
[例1] D it the way (that/in which)yu were taught.
要按照教你的那样做。
[例2] I was impressed by the way in which she did it.
她完成这件事的方式给我留下了深刻的印象。
[造句]使我吃惊的不是他说的话而是他说话的方式。
What surprised me was nt what he said but the way he said it.
[知识拓展]
(1)the way 后面的定语从句，关系词若在从句中作状语，相当于“用这种方式/方法(＝in this way)”时，通常不用关系词，偶尔用 that，在较正式的文体里才用 in which 来引导。
(2)the way 后不能用 hw 引导定语从句，但也可以不用the way，而直接用 hw 引导的名词性从句来表达这类意思。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I dn't like the way that yu talk t yur mther and yu must change that way.
②The way which/that was thught f by him f ding the experiment was similar t the way that yu carried it ut.
③I dn't like the way(that/in which)he speaks t his parents.我不喜欢他和他父母说话的方式。
④The way(which/that) he explained t us was quite simple.他向我们解释的那种方法很简单。
1．(教材P40)Almst everywhere yu g in the UK，yu will be surrunded by evidence f fur different grups f peple wh tk ver at different times thrughut histry.
[分析] 本句是一个主从复合句，everywhere yu g in the UK为地点状语从句，wh tk ver at different times thrughut histry为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词peple。
[译文] 几乎无论你走到英国的哪个地方，周围总有迹象表明，在历史上，有四群人在不同的时期统治着英国。
2．(教材P41)The capital city Lndn is a great place t start，as it is an ancient prt city that has a histry dating all the way back t Rman times.
[分析] 本句是一个主从复合句，as引导的是一个原因状语从句，that has a histry dating all the way back t Rman times为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词city，其中现在分词短语dating all the way back t Rman times作名词histry的后置定语。
[译文] 首都伦敦是一个很好的起点，因为它是一个古老的港口城市，它的历史可以追溯到罗马时代。
3．(教材P41)If yu keep yur eyes pen，yu will be surprised t find that yu can see bth its past and its present.
[分析] 本句是复合句，if引导条件状语从句；that引导宾语从句。
[译文] 如果你留心的话，你会惊奇地发现你能看到它的过去和现在。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．After she gave birth，she and her family jined the thers in White Bird Canyn t the suth.
2．The prisner brke away frm the plicemen wh were hlding him.
3．He is a clerk belnging (belng)t this cmpany.
4．The army's duty is t defend the cuntry against/frm the enemy rather than t invade ther cuntries.
5．With the huses surrunded(surrund)，the thief culdn't escape and was caught by the plicemen.
6．It is evident(evidence)that smking is harmful t health.
7．I dn't like the way that he laughed at me.
8．He，as well as his sisters，likes(like)singing.
9．Keep(keep)yur eyes pen and ask questins，even if they seem stupid.
10．The village was used as the lcatin(lcate)fr a ppular TV series.
Ⅱ.短语填空
；belng t；break away frm；as well as；leave behind；result in；take ver；date back t；keep ne's eyes pen；be similar t
1．As ne f the mst deadly natural disasters in the wrld，earthquakes ften result in many peple being injured r killed.
2．She tk ver his wrk after his departure.
3．The island is jined t the mainland by a bridge.
4．I belng t a ftball club and play ftball every Saturday.
5．Tm as well as his parents went t Hng Kng t spend the summer hliday.
6．Nwadays many farmers want t break away frm the land and make a living in cities.
7．If that sunds like gd news，keep yur eyes pen fr yur chance fr change.
8．My interest in stamp cllecting dates back t my schldays.
9．When yu g camping，please d nt leave behind any trash.
10．My teaching style is similar t that f mst ther teachers.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Accrding t the British histry，Wales is the first cuntry t be jined 1.t the Kingdm f England，which happened in the 16th century.Later，Sctland and Ireland 2.were added(add)t create the United Kingdm f Great Britain and Ireland.In the 20th century，the suthern part f Ireland 3.brke(break)away frm the UK，4.which resulted in the full name we have tday：the United Kingdm f Great Britain and Nrthern Ireland，whse 5.shrtened(shrten)name is “the United Kingdm” r “the UK”．The fur cuntries f the UK use 6.the same flag as well as the same currency and military defence.Hwever，they als have sme 7.differences(different)，like different legal systems.The UK's lng and interesting histry can help yu understand much mre abut the cuntry and its traditins.Studying the histry f the UK will make yur visit much mre 8.enjyable(enjy).The capital city Lndn is a great place 9.t start(start)，as it is an ancient prt city that has a histry 10.dating(date)all the way back t Rman times.There are cuntless histric sites t explre，and lts f museums with ancient relics frm all ver the UK.教材
高考
1.The fur cuntries that belng t the United Kingdm wrk tgether in sme areas.
(2018·浙江卷)By fllwing the basic rules f respecting thers，taking care f what belngs t yu，and taking pride in the appearance f the neighbrhd in general，yu will quickly becme a gd neighbr that everyne appreciates.
2.Almst everywhere yu g in the UK，yu will be surrunded by evidence f fur different grups f peple wh tk ver at different times thrughut histry.
(2019·江苏卷)And dn't frget：we are surrunded by a natural playgrund just perfect fr walking，caving，climbing and cycling.
3.They use the same flag，knwn as the Unin Jack，as well as share the same currency and military defence.
(2019·天津卷)Amy，as well as her brthers，was given a warm welcme when returning t the village last week.
4.Almst everywhere yu g in the UK，yu will be surrunded by evidence f fur different grups f peple wh tk ver at different times thrughut histry.
(2019·江苏卷)Scientists have btained mre evidence that plastic is finding its way int the human bdy.
5.Accrding t the text，what are tw chief advantages f studying the histry f a cuntry？
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Turism is nw the chief industry f Dawsn City—its present ppulatin is 762.