2021届高考英语二轮专题训练第二篇专题一完形填空第二部分体裁应对策略第3讲说明文课件
展开这是一份2021届高考英语二轮专题训练第二篇专题一完形填空第二部分体裁应对策略第3讲说明文课件,共60页。PPT课件主要包含了技法探究·素养提升,quiet,mean等, 理清结构 ,新题精练·素养应用,专题能力提升练,adopted,walking,to enter等内容,欢迎下载使用。
Bdy language is the quiet, secret and mst pwerful language f all!It speaks 1 than wrds. Accrding t specialists, ur bdies send ut mre 2 than we realize. In fact, nn-verbal cmmunicatin takes up abut 50% f what we really mean. And bdy language is particularly 3 when we attempt t cmmunicate acrss cultures. Indeed, what is called bdy language is s 4 a part f us that it’s actually ften unnticed. And misunderstandings ccur as a result f it. 5 , different scieties treat the distance between peple differently. Nrthern Eurpeans usually d nt like having 6 cntact even with friends, and certainly nt with 7 . Peple frm Latin American
cuntries, 8 , tuch each ther quite a lt. Therefre, it’s pssible that in cnversatin, it may lk like a Latin is 9 a Nrwegian all ver the rm. The Latin, trying t express friendship, will keep mving 10 . The Nrwegian, very prbably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 11 —which the Latin will in return regard as cldness. Clearly, a great deal is ging n when peple 12 . And nly a part f it is in the wrds themselves. And when parties are frm 13 cultures, there’s a strng pssibility f misunderstanding. But whatever the situatin, the best 14 is t bey the Glden Rule: treat thers as yu wuld like t be 15 .
1. A. straighter B. luder C. harder D. further2. A. sundsB. invitatinsC. feelingsD. messages3. A. immediateB. misleadingC. imprtantD. difficult4. A. wellB. farC. muchD. lng5. A. Fr exampleB. ThusC. HweverD. In shrt6. A. eyeB. verbalC. bdilyD. telephne7. A. strangersB. relatives C. neighbursD. enemies
8. A. in ther wrdsB. n the ther handC. in a similar wayD. by all means9. A. disturbingB. helpingC. guidingD. fllwing10. A. clserB. fasterC. inD. away11. A. stepping frwardB. ging nC. backing awayD. cming ut12. A. talkB. travelC. laughD. think13. A. differentB. EurpeanC. LatinD. rich14. A. chanceB. timeC. resultD. advice15. A. nticedB. treatedC. respectedD. pleased
【文章大意】本文属于说明文。 介绍了肢体语言的作用, 以及在不同文化里肢体语言的不同含义。在不同文化背景下有时会引起双方的误解。1. 【解析】选B。 根据上句中的mst pwerful language以及下文的内容可知, 此处表示肢体语言比文字语言更容易把意思表达清楚, 更有说服力。2. 【解析】选D。 我们的肢体发出多于我们意识到的信息。身体发出的是message“信息”, 而不是sund。sund泛指自然界一切声音; invitatin邀请; feeling感情, 感受。
3. 【解析】选C。 根据下文论述, 当涉及跨文化交流时, 肢体语言尤为重要, 故选imprtant重要的。immediate立刻的, 表示动作的直接性和迅速性; misleading误导的; difficult困难的。4. 【解析】选C。根据句意, 其实, 所谓的身体语言在日常生活中是如此司空见惯, 以至于我们都没有注意到它, 考查s. . . that 如此……以至于。5. 【解析】选A。上句中提到会发生误解, 下文是对此进行举例, fr example用于举例说明, 符合语境。
6. 【解析】选C。北欧人通常不喜欢肢体的接触, 故选bdily“身体的”, 下文的tuch each ther是提示。7. 【解析】选A。 北欧人不喜欢和朋友有肢体上的接触, 更不用说陌生人了。enemy虽然与friend相对, 但此处是说不同国度文化的差异, 并不是敌我的分歧。8. 【解析】选B。上文讲到了北欧人的习惯, 此处要针对拉丁美洲人的习惯进行说明, n the ther hand另一方面, 符合上下文语境。in ther wrds换句话说; in a similar way相似地; by all means当然可以。
9. 【解析】选D。在交谈中, 北欧人不喜欢肢体接触, 拉丁美洲人喜欢肢体接触, 所以我们看到的很可能是一个拉丁美洲人跟随一个挪威人移动, 故选fllwing“跟随”。10. 【解析】选A。根据trying t express friendship可知, 拉丁美洲人极力想离对方近一些, 故选clser(更近的)。11. 【解析】选 C。根据pushiness可知, 挪威人在向后退。挪威人不喜欢肢体接触, 会一直向后退, 故选backing away后退。step frward前进; g n继续; cme ut出版, 发芽。12. 【解析】选A。 选项中的talk(交谈)与上文的cnversatin相呼应, 且文章主要讲述交谈中的bdy language。
13. 【解析】选A。根据上文可知, 谈话的双方来自不同的文化。different cultures不同的文化。14. 【解析】选D。根据t bey the Glden Rule: . . . 可知, 此处表示“建议”。15. 【解析】选B。你希望怎样被对待, 那你就那样对待别人。B选项与前面的treat thers相呼应, 一个是主动形式, 一个是被动形式(t be treated)。
【文本整体感知】1. 解读主旨阅读文章, 根据提示回答问题(1)根据文章首句可知说明的对象是_____________, 它的相对面为wrds。 (2)根据文章可知该说明对象属于________________________。特点是: ___________________________。 (3)文章中与该说明对象的特点相对应的词块有: ______________________________________________________________________________________________。
bdy language
nn-verbal cmmunicatin
secret, the mst pwerful
particularly imprtant;
unnticed; speaks luder than wrds; takes up abut 50% f what we really
【解题思路模板】思路1 仔细研读开头和结尾, 从主题句着手, 找出支持句。T1所在句为主题句, T2, T3为支持句。尝试找出答案: T1 B T2 D T3 C 思路2 通读全文, 寻找文章的结论。T14, T15所在句为结论句。尝试找出答案: T14 D T15 B
思路3 根据“总分”结构判断答案。T5所在句为总分结构, 同时, T7 和T8 所在的句子又构成新的“总分”关系。另外, T9所在句子与T10、T11 所在的句子也是总分关系。 尝试运用此种关系做出答案: T5 A T6 C T7 A T8 B T9 D T10 A T11 C
【完形微技能】技法1 明晰说明文的写作特点1. 说明文语言表述准确严谨, 生词、术语较多, 句子较长, 结构较为复杂。2. 结构清晰, 按照一定的顺序展开。一般开头点题。正确把握文意和上下文的逻辑关系, 对于选择正确答案具有重要意义 。 技法2 关注连词and, 理清逻辑本文多次出现and。 1. 用来连接两个相同的句子成分。例如: Nrthern Eurpeans usually d nt like having bdily cntact even with friends, and certainly nt with strangers.
2. 用来连接两个相同的词, 意在强调或表示动作多次反复。例如: Bdylanguage is the quiet, secret and mst pwerful language f all! 3. 用在句群之间, 表示并列或者递进关系。 例如: In fact, nn-verbal cmmunicatin takes up abut 50% f what we really mean. And bdy language is particularly imprtant when we attempt t cmmunicate acrss cultures. 注意总结规律, 可以帮助我们分析并理清作者的逻辑思路, 从而确定答案。
技法3 关注副词副词(adverb)是一类用于修饰动词(verb)或加强描绘词组或整个句子的词。 由于个人写作风格不同, 有的作者善于使用副词, 从而准确表达动词含义。本文作者擅长使用副词。 体味副词可以准确把握作者意图。如第一段中mst, really, particularly, indeed, actually, differently, usually, certainly, quite a lt, very prbably等。技法4 关注连接短语根据连接短语可以判断句子与句子之间的关系。 如第一段中in fact; fr example; n the ther hand等。 其中T5和T8直接考查和间接考查前后句之间存在的逻辑关系。
【思维迁移升华】阅读原文概要, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Bdy language is the quiet, secret and mst pwerful language f all! It speaks 1. ______ (lud) than wrds. Bdy language 2. ______ (use) by peple fr sending ut messages t ne anther. It is very useful because 3. ______ can help yu make yurself easily 4. ______ (understand). And bdy language is 5. ______ (particular) imprtant when we attempt t cmmunicate acrss cultures.
6. ______ we all knw, different cuntries have different bdy language. And misunderstandings ccur as a result 7. ______ it. S it is imprtant 8. ______ (knw) the meaning f gestures and mvements in a freign cuntry. 9. ______(fllw) the custms will help yu cmmunicate with peple and make yu stay there much mre pleasant 10. ______ cmfrtable.
答案: 1. luder 2. is used 3. it 4. understd5. particularly 6. As 7. f 8. t knw 9. Fllwing 10. and
【题后反思】翻译句子。1. Indeed, what is called bdy language is s much a part f us that it’s actually ften unnticed. __________________________________________________________2. Treat thers as yu wuld like t be treated. ____________________
其实, 所谓的肢体语言在生活中如此司空见惯以至于经常被忽略。
己所不欲, 勿施于人。
Passage 1 (2020·临沂高三月考) The ntin f building brand persnality is prmted by Starbucks as a part f cmpany culture t embed meaning in their prducts and thus attract mre custmers. Starbucks literally changed the definitin f “a gd cup f cffee”. Fr Starbucks, the brand had three elements: cffee, 1 and stres. Strict cntrl ver the quality and prcessing f the beans 2 that the cffee wuld be f the highest pssible quality. Outstanding stre persnnel were emplyed
and trained in cffee knwledge and 3 service. Stre design, atmsphere and arma (浓香) all 4 the “Starbucks Experience”. Almst all Starbucks stres were crprately wned and cntrlled. Starbucks prided itself n the “Starbucks Experience”, 5 cffee t prvide a unique experience fr its custmers. 6 thse traditinal cffee huses prviding yu with the grab-and-g service, Starbucks prvides yu with mre than cffee. Yu get great peple, first-rate music, a cmfrtable and upbeat meeting place, and 7 advice n brewing excellent cffee at hme. At hme yu’re part f a family. At wrk
yu’re part f a cmpany. And smewhere in between is a place where yu can sit back and be yurself. That’s what a Starbucks stre has been 8 t creating fr its custmers — a kind f “third place” where they can 9 , reflect, read, chat r listen. The green Starbucks lg is a mermaid that lks like the end f the duble image f the sea. It was designed by Terry Heckler, wh gt the 10 frm the wden statue f the sea. Mermaid lg als 11 riginal and mdern meanings: her face is very simple, but with mdern abstract frms f packaging; the middle is black and white, the nly clr n the utside
surrunded by a circle. Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually brken dwn int elements f 12 : the visual warmth, hearing the way, smelling the arma f cffee and s n. Just think, thrugh the huge glass windws, watching the crwded streets, 13 sipping a cffee flavr, which is in line with the “Yapi”, the feeling f experience in the 14 life.
But the 15 f Starbucks is nt abut the cffee, althugh it’s great cffee. Cffee is nly a carrier. Cffee cnsumptin, t a great extent, is an emtinal and cultural level f cnsumptin. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 文章介绍了虽然星巴克的咖啡很棒, 但星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡, 而在于它的企业文化。
1. A. pepleB. managersC. custmersD. clients【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 对于星巴克来说, 这个品牌有三个要素: 咖啡、人和商店。上文说星巴克将打造品牌个性的理念作为企业文化的一部分, 将意义嵌入产品中, 从而吸引更多的顾客, 由此可知, 人是星巴克品牌文化的三个要素之一, 故A项正确。2. A. assuredB. prmisedC. ensuredD. predicted【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 对咖啡豆的质量和加工过程进行严格的控制, 确保了咖啡的最高品质。对咖啡豆的质量和加工过程进行严格的控制的目的自然是确保咖啡的最高品质, 故C项正确。
3. A. emergencyB. envirnmentC. emplymentD. custmer【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 在咖啡知识和客户服务方面雇用和培训了优秀的店员。 emergency紧急情况; envirnment环境; emplyment就业; custmer客户。根据常识可知, 店员上岗前要进行客户服务方面的培训, custmer service表示“客户服务”, 故D项正确。
4. A. cnsisted fB. benefited frmC. cntributed tD. headed fr【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 店内的设计、氛围和香气都为星巴克体验做出了贡献。 cnsisted f由……组成; benefited frm从……中受益; cntributed t有助于、为……做贡献; headed fr前往。根据常识可知, 咖啡店的设计、氛围和浓郁的香气都为顾客的星巴克体验做出了贡献, 故C项正确。
5. A. ging beyndB. cming acrssC. making upD. depending n【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 星巴克以“星巴克体验”为荣, 其服务超出了咖啡, 为顾客提供独特的体验。 ging beynd超出; cming acrss遇到; making up弥补; depending n在……上花费。下文说星巴克为您提供的不仅仅是咖啡, 由此可知, “星巴克体验”超出了咖啡, 为顾客提供独特的体验, 故A项正确。
6. A. With regard tB. In additin tC. Cmpared withD. In terms f【解析】选C。考查介词短语辨析。句意: 与传统的咖啡店为您提供的服务相比, 星巴克为您提供的不仅仅是咖啡。空后提到了传统咖啡店的服务, 因此是星巴克与传统咖啡店的对比, 故C项正确。 7. A. generalB. reasnableC. legalD. fascinating【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 这里有很棒的人, 一流的音乐, 舒适、积极的会议场所, 以及在家里煮优质咖啡的合理建议。根据常识可知, 星巴克自然会为顾客提供在家煮一杯好咖啡的合理建议, 故B项正确。
8. A. cmmittedB. alertedC. subjectedD. required【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 这就是星巴克致力于为顾客创造的一种“第三空间”, 在那里他们可以远离(喧嚣)、思考、阅读、聊天或倾听。cmmitted承诺、全心全意投入; alerted警告; subjected 臣服; required要求。be cmmitted t表示“致力于”, 故A项正确。
9. A. negtiateB. perfrmC. cncealD. escape【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。根据空后的“reflect, read, chat r listen”可知, 在星巴克创造的“第三空间”里, 人们可以远离(喧嚣)、旨在突出星巴克创造的安静环境, 故D项正确。10. A. imaginatinB. inspiratinC. patentD. philsphy【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 它是由特里·赫克勒设计的, 他从木制的海洋雕像中得到灵感。 imaginatin想象; inspiratin灵感; patent专利权; philsphy哲理。上文说绿色星巴克标识是一个美人鱼, 这个设计灵感是特里·赫克勒从木制的海洋雕像中获得的, 故B项正确。
11. A. createsB. cultivatesC. creditsD. cnveys【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 美人鱼标识还传达了原始和现代的含义。根据常识可知, 一个品牌的标识自然会传达某种含义, 故D项正确。12. A. brandB. lgC. pssessinD. experience【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 星巴克将典型的美国文化逐渐分解为体验元素: 视觉上的温暖, 听觉上煮咖啡的声音, 嗅觉上的咖啡香气等等。根据冒号后的内容可知此处指“体验元素”, 故D项正确。
13. A. greedilyB. gentlyC. persistentlyD. indifferently【解析】选B。考查副词词义辨析。句意: 试想, 透过巨大的玻璃窗, 望着拥挤的街道, 轻轻地啜一口咖啡香, 这正符合“雅痞”, 在忙碌的生活中体验的感觉。 greedily贪婪地; gently轻轻地; persistently固执地; indifferently冷淡地。根据常识可知, 刚煮好的咖啡是非常热的, 要一小口一小口轻轻地啜着喝, 故B项正确。14. A. busyB. easyC. miserableD. energetic【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。根据上文说的拥挤的街道可知, 平时的生活节奏是很快的, 因此此处指的是“忙碌的生活”, 故A项正确。
15. A. prductB. visinC. essenceD. imprtance【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 但星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡, 尽管它是很棒的咖啡。空后说咖啡只是一种载体, 咖啡消费在很大程度上是一种情感和文化层面的消费, 因此此处是说星巴克的精髓不在于咖啡, 而在于它的文化, 故C项正确。
【点睛】本篇第9空难度较大, 抓住空后的几个并列的动词是关键, 根据空后的“reflect, read, chat r listen”可知, 在星巴克创造的“第三空间”里, 人们可以远离(喧嚣)、思考、阅读、聊天或倾听, 此处的escape不是贬义词“逃跑”, 而是“远离(喧嚣)”, 旨在突出星巴克创造的安静环境, 故D项正确。
Passage 2 (2020·威海一模) We’ve all been there befre: Yu’re driving dwn the rad when suddenly a pthle(凹坑) seems t appear ut f nwhere and sends the 1 jumping. Mst peple think pthles are 2 , but artist Jim Bachr sees them as a canvas(画布) fr his artwrk.
Bachr uses the 3 art frm f msaic(马赛克) t create eye-catching, clrful images f famus artists like Aretha Franklin r simple everyday 4 like fd. He even makes less-appealing visuals f insects. Bachr was a graphic designer fr 20 years befre he began his 5 in msaic. He regards an incidental trip t Eurpe as his mtivatin t change careers. While 6 in Italy, Bachr fell in lve with Pmpeii, the preserved ancient Rman city. A tur guide pinted ut a msaic, made f mainly glass and marble, and tld Bachr, “Glass and marble dn’t 7 . S, this lks essentially the way the artist intended. ” Bachr says, “That kind f staying
pwer just 8 me s much. ” A year later Bachr returned t attend a msaic class in Ravenna, Italy, t learn the prper way t 9 the ancient technique. Years after that, he mastered the technique. He 10 that msaics can be just as significant tday as the art frm ver 1, 000 years ag. “I just saw that there was a(n) 11 t bring it int the new age as a cntemprary subject, ” he says. S, Bachr decided t make a special piece f 12 fr that pthle. He has 13 msaic pthle art arund Chicag, Detrit, New Yrk City and even in Finland.
While he may nt be getting 14 frm drivers r passengers, Bachr’s art is 15 a pleasant surprise t discver. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。坑坑洼洼的路面会给汽车和行人带来很多不便。艺术家巴赫尔突发奇想, 把自己的镶嵌艺术作品放到路面上的浅坑里, 不仅能给路过的人欣赏, 还能起到提醒作用。
1. A. bdyB. rckC. carD. sand【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 我们以前都遇到过这种情况: 你正开车沿着路行驶时, 突然一个凹坑似乎凭空出现, 让汽车颠簸跳跃。根据上文Yu’re driving dwn the rad可推断, 凹坑让车颠簸跳跃。故选C。
2. A. challengingB. interestingC. discuragingD. annying【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 大多数人认为坑洞很烦人, 但艺术家吉姆·巴赫尔把它们看作是他的艺术品的画布。 challenging具有挑战性的; interesting有趣的; discuraging泄气的; 气馁的; annying讨厌的。根据下文but artist Jim Bachr sees them as a canvas fr his artwrk. 可知上下文是转折关系, 艺术家巴赫尔把坑洞看作他的画布, 相对的大多数人认为坑洞是烦人的。故选D。
3. A. mdernB. ancientC. elegantD. mysterius【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 巴赫尔利用古老的镶嵌艺术形式, 创造了诸如著名艺术家如艾瑞莎·富兰克林的引人注目、丰富多彩的形象, 或者简单的日常物品像食物。 mdern现代的; ancient古代的; elegant优雅的; mysterius神秘的。根据t create eye-catching, clrful images f famus artists like Aretha Franklin可推断, 这是古代艺术形式。故选B。
4. A. bjectsB. ideasC. rutinesD. prjects【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。 句意同上。根据like fd和everyday可推断, 此处指简单的日常物品。故选A。5. A. dutyB. careerC. beliefD. instructin【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 巴赫尔在开始镶嵌工艺方面的事业前做了20年的平面设计师。根据下文He regards an incidental trip t Eurpe as his mtivatin t change careers. 可知, 此处指的是事业。故选B。
6. A. travelingB. livingC. wrkingD. studying【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 当巴赫尔去意大利旅行的时候, 爱上了庞贝, 保存完好的古罗马城市。根据下文提到的A tur guide可知, 巴赫尔去意大利旅行。故选A。7. A. lastB. cnnectC. fadeD. reslve【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 玻璃和大理石不会褪色。 last持续; cnnect连接; fade褪色; reslve分解。根据下文S, this lks essentially the way the artist intended. 可知, 玻璃和大理石没有褪色, 这看起来基本上就是艺术家们想要的。故选C。
8. A. remindedB. cnfusedC. trubledD. impressed【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 那种持久的力量给我非常深刻的印象。根据下文t learn the prper way t ______the ancient technique. 可知, 这种持久力让巴赫尔印象深刻。故选D。
9. A. intrduceB. perfrmC. prmteD. describe【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 一年后, 巴赫尔回到意大利拉文纳参加了一个镶嵌工艺课程, 学习如何正确地做这种古代技术。根据下文Years after that, he mastered the technique. 可推断, 巴赫尔参加课程学习做这种古代技术。故选B。
10. A. arguedB. imaginedC. rememberedD. realized【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 他意识到镶嵌工艺在今天可以和1 000多年前的艺术形式一样重要。 根据下文t bring it int the new age as a cntemprary subject可知, 巴赫尔意识到在今天镶嵌工艺也是重要的。故选D。
11. A. linkB. timeC. pprtunityD. vice【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 我看到了一个机会把它作为当代学科带入新时代。根据下文S, Bachr decided t make a special piece f ______fr that pthle. 可知, 巴赫尔看到了使用这种工艺的机会。故选C。
12. A. artwrkB. machinery-wrkC. cdeD. literature【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 因此, 巴赫尔决定为那个凹坑制作一个特殊的艺术品。根据下文He has ______msaic pthle art arund Chicag, Detrit, New Yrk City and even in Finland. 可知, 巴赫尔为那个凹坑制作了一个特殊的艺术品。故选A。 13. A. discveredB. createdC. imprvedD. taught【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 他在芝加哥、底特律、纽约市甚至芬兰创造了镶嵌工艺坑洞艺术。 根据空格后的msaic pthle art 结合语境可知, 巴赫尔创造了镶嵌工艺坑洞艺术。故选B。
14. A. helpB. invitatinC. mneyD. praise【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 虽然他可能没有得到司机或乘客的赞扬, 但巴赫尔的艺术无疑是一个令人惊喜的发现。While引导让步状语从句, 前后文是让步关系, 由下文a pleasant surprise可推断, 尽管巴赫尔没有得到来自司机和乘客的赞扬。故选D。15. A. nearlyB. merelyC. certainlyD. persnally【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。尽管没有得到赞扬, 但是巴赫尔的艺术无疑是一个令人惊喜的发现。故选C。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如第6小题, 句意: 当巴赫尔去意大利旅行的时候, 爱上了庞贝, 保存完好的古罗马城市。 traveling旅行; living生活; 居住; wrking工作; studying学习。根据下文提到的A tur guide可知, 巴赫尔去意大利旅行。故选A。
Passage 3 As a child, I was always tld t “eat my greens”. Peas, and green beans, all lked and tasted 1 . Let’s face it, when there were s many ther delicius treats t 2 , why eat bring vegetables? Since then my taste buds have 3 and I’m als fully aware f the health benefits f eating fresh vegetables. But we still need 4 f the amazing gdness these green super fds give us. In the UK, a campaign has been 5 fr several years t encurage us t eat ur “5 A Day”—five prtins f fruit and vegetables. That’s 6 evidence has shwn there are significant health
benefits t getting at least five 80g prtins f a variety f fruit and vegetables every day. But I struggle trying t fit these five prtins int my daily 7 , partly because I have a sweet tth and vegetables are, well, tasteless. Researchers have been 8 hw t make eating vegetables mre attractive. They analysed the psychlgy behind ur fd 9 and fund that mst f us are 10 by taste. In Eurpe, a prject called VeggieEAT has als been trying t find ways t get peple t 11 mre vegetables. Prject leader, Prfessr Heather
Hartwell believes in 12 encuraging peple int eating the right things. One idea has been t put a 13 f a tasty lking fruit n a supermarket trlley as a hint abut buying smething frm the fruit stre after lking at the picture. She says, “Chice is a really 14 thing. But making vegetables lk attractive will increase their sales. ” Certainly, eating “twisted citrus-glazed carrts” des sund tempting, even if it just 15 like a carrt, but if it makes us eat mre vegetables then that can nly be a gd thing fr ur health. 【文章大意】本文探讨一项旨在提倡人们多吃青菜的研究, 并介绍一些商家用来吸引顾客购买蔬菜的销售技巧。
1. A. disgusting B. delicius C. ripen D. sweet【解析】选A。根据本段最后一句“why eat bring vegetables”可知是说这些蔬菜不好吃, 令人厌恶。句意: 长相恶心的豌豆和青豆吃起来也很恶心(disgusting)。2. A. buy B. prepare C. ffer D. enjy【解析】选D。根据“there were s many ther delicius treats”可知是美味在前, 是享受(enjy)。故选D项。句意: 有那么多好吃的食物可享受, 为什么还吃那些难吃的蔬菜呢?
3. A. appeared B. develped C. existed D. shrunk【解析】选B。句意: 从那以后, 我的味蕾就发展(即改变)了, 我还充分意识到了吃新鲜蔬菜对健康的益处。4. A. reminding B. infrming C. warning D. talking【解析】选A。句意: remind提醒; infrm通知; warn警告; talk谈论。根据上一句“benefits f eating fresh vegetables”吃新鲜蔬菜的好处, 可知是我们仍然需要被提醒(remind)这些绿色“超级食品”给我们的身体带来的惊人益处。
5. A. planning B. aimingC. running D. intending【解析】选C。在英国, 为鼓励人们“每天吃5份果蔬”而发起的宣传活动已经进行(run)了好多年。分析句意可知, 是这种宣传活动进行了好多年。只有run才有“运转, 进行”之意。6. A. why B. hw C. when D. because【解析】选D。根据上文可知宣传活动持续了好多年是结果, 此句表明原因。因为(because)有证据表明, 人们每天至少食用5份80g的水果和蔬菜会对健康有很大益处。
7. A. diet B. educatinC. wrk D. exercise【解析】选A。根据上文每天至少5份水果和蔬菜, 可知是日常生活中, 即“我仍在努力把这5份果蔬纳入到我的日常饮食(diet)中”。8. A. shwing B. discvering C. reprting D. studying【解析】选D。句意: 研究人员一直在研究(study)如何让吃蔬菜更具吸引力。
9. A. chices B. values C. wastes D. judgments【解析】选A。他们分析了我们选择食物时的心理。根据下一句可知, 是我们对食物的选择(chice)。10. A. cnfused B. disturbed C. mtivated D. challenged【解析】选C。句意: 他们分析了我们选择食物时的心理, 发现大部分人都是受味道的驱使。
11. A. grw B. eat C. stre D. harvest【解析】选B。在欧洲, 名为VeggieEAT的项目一直在尝试找出能让人们多吃(eat)蔬菜的方式。后面“encuraging peple int eating the right things” 是提示。12. A. slwly B. suddenly C. firmly D. seriusly【解析】选A。慢慢地(slwly)鼓励人们进食恰当的食物。根据常识可知, 想让人们接受某种东西, 要慢慢地进行。
13. A. variety B. lt C. picture D. number【解析】选C。其中一个想法是, 把看起来很美味的水果图片(picture)放在超市的购物车上, 以此来暗示消费者去水果商店购买东西。根据下文的内容可知是图片贴在购物车上。14. A. easy B. cmplex C. quick D. casual【解析】选B。句意: 选择是一件非常复杂的事情。根据上文意思可知让人们多吃蔬菜, 选择健康的蔬菜水果是很复杂的(cmplex)。
15. A. lks B. smells C. tastes D. feels【解析】选C。当然了, “橘汁胡萝卜”这菜名听起来确实很诱人, 虽然尝起来(taste)像是胡萝卜。分析句意可知, 胡萝卜虽然名字不同, 但尝起来还是胡萝卜的味道。
专题能力提升练 二十一限时25分钟Passage 1 (2020·莒县二模) Jake and Max Klein are twin brthers wh have a passin fr vlunteering. Their family have always dne cmmunity 1 . At a yung age, they chse t 2 family’s gifts at their birthday parties, but asked them t dnate mney t a charity. When they were seven, Jake and Max were interested in 3 with a family friend at the lcal hmeless shelter t help ck. 4 , he
turned them dwn because they were t 5 and they had t be furteen tck. This led them n an endless 6 t cme up with a way t help ther kids wh were als facing a 7 challenging: wanting t help but 8 because f their age. S, Kids That D Gd was 9 t “shw ways t kids r adults, at any age, they culd jin the cmmunity and make a 10 . The small 11 has grwn int a large website that brings thusands f 12 visitrs each year. Jake and Max say that their website brings 35, 000 unique viewers, f thse viewers, Kids That D Gd has 13 kids t 16, 000 rganizatins.
Jake and Max are 14 with schl and after-class activities and ther cmmunity service prmises. Kids That D Gd als has blg psts that advise kids n 15 their wn charitable event. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了双胞胎兄弟一直致力于做慈善, 因为一次的拒绝而自己开创了慈善活动, 且办得特别成功。
1. A. surveysB. servicesC. dutiesD. businesses【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意: 他们家一直做社区服务。根据but asked them t dnate mney t a charity. 及下文语境可知, 他们一家是做社区服务的。故选B。2. A. srt utB. play withC. give upD. put away【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 他们选择在生日聚会上放弃家人的礼物, 但要求他们把钱捐给慈善机构。 srt ut分类; play with玩耍. . . ; give up 放弃; put away放好。根据but asked them t dnate mney t a charity. 可知, 是放弃礼物。故选C。
3. A. travellingB. vlunteeringC. ckingD. recycling【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 杰克和马克斯七岁的时候, 他们有兴趣和一个家庭朋友到当地的流浪者收容所做志愿者, 帮助做饭。 travelling 旅行; vlunteering 自愿; cking烹饪; recycling 回收。根据上下文语境可知, 他们一直在帮助别人, 由此可知, 此处是自愿去帮忙。故选B。4. A. Unfrtunately. B. HappilyC. HnestlyD. Gratefully【解析】选A。考查副词辨析。句意: 不幸的是, 他拒绝了他们, 因为他们太年轻了, 而且他们必须14岁才能做饭。 Unfrtunately不幸地; Happily开心地; Hnestly诚实地; Gratefully 感激地。根据上文, 他们自愿去帮忙做饭, 被拒绝, 自然是不幸的事情。故选A。
5. A. shyB. awkwardC. weakD. yung【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。句意同上。根据句意, 可知必须十四岁才能做饭, 而他们太年轻。故选D。6. A. taskB. abilityC. chanceD. determinatin【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意: 这让他们开始了一项没完没了的任务, 想出一个办法来帮助其他也面临类似挑战的孩子们: 想要帮助别人但因为年龄而被拒绝。根据上文可知, 他们因为年龄小被拒绝了, 结合下文他们自己创办了组织可知, 此处是指做任务。故选A。
7. A. publicB. similarC. sharpD. direct【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意: 这让他们开始了一项没完没了的任务, 想出一个办法来帮助其他也面临类似挑战的孩子们: 想要帮助别人但因为年龄而被拒绝。根据上文他们因为年龄小被拒绝, 及下文的because f their age. 可知, 他们面临相似的挑战。故选B。8. A. jkedB. blamedC. deniedD. praised【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。根据上文he turned them dwn because they were t ______可知, 此处是指因为年龄小而被拒绝。故选C。
9. A. advisedB. allwedC. namedD. created【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意: 所以, “做好事的孩子们”被创造出来, 是为了“向孩子们或成年人展示各种方式, 在任何年龄, 他们都可以加入社区, 发挥作用。”Kids That D Gd是他们创办的组织的名字。故选D。10. A. judgmentB. differenceC. cmmentD. decisin【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意: 所以, “做好事的孩子们”被创造出来, 是为了“向孩子们或成年人展示各种方式, 在任何年龄, 他们都可以加入社区, 发挥作用。 judgment 判断; difference不同; cmment评论; decisin 决定。make a difference有影响, 起作用。故选B。
11. A. planB. effrtC. prjectD. experiment【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意: 这个小项目已经发展成为一个大型网站, 每年吸引成千上万的感兴趣的访问者。根据上文S, Kids That D Gd was ______t “shw ways t kids r adults, at any age, they culd jin the cmmunity. . . 可知, 此处是指这个项目发展成了网站。故选C。
12. A. pleasedB. satisfiedC. amazedD. interested【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。句意: 这个小项目已经发展成为一个大型网站, 每年吸引成千上万的感兴趣的访问者。 pleased 高兴的; satisfied满足的; amazed 惊奇的; interested 感兴趣的。吸引的访问者自然是对此感兴趣的人。故选D。
13. A. cnnectedB. expsedC. cntributedD. attracted【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意: Jake和Max说他们的网站有35000个独立的浏览者, 在这些浏览者中, “做好事的孩子们”已经把孩子们和16000个组织联系起来了。 cnnected连接; expsed 暴露; cntributed贡献; attracted吸引。根据句意和上文语境可知, 此处是指把孩子们和组织联系起来。故选A。
14. A. familiar B. patientC. busyD. cntent【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。句意: 杰克和马克斯忙于学校、课外活动和其他社区服务承诺。be busy with忙于某事, 结合句意。故选C。15. A. rememberingB. describingC. celebratingD. building【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意: “做好事的孩子们”也发帖建议孩子们建立他们自己的慈善活动。 remembering 记住; describing描述; celebrating庆祝; building建造。根据空后的their wn charitable event可知, 是建立他们自己的慈善活动。故选D。
Passage 2 (2020·济南三模) The lins and lepards(豹) f a natinal park in India nrmally d nt get alng. They 1 each ther fr space and fd. But abut a year ag, a yung liness in the park 2 a baby lepard. The 2-mnth-ld baby with brwn ears and blue eyes was 3 , and the liness spent weeks nursing, 4 and caring fr him until he died. She treated him as if he were ne f her wn tw sns, wh were abut the same age. This was a 5 case f crss-species adptin in the wild, and the nly
dcumented example invlving animals that are nrmally 6 . 7 , the park wrkers thught the assciatin wuld be brief, but this went n. The family were 8 t tur the park. The liness tk care f the baby, and 9 meat that she hunted. The new brthers played with him and ccasinally fllwed him up trees. This unlikely 10 was surely amazing. Althugh this adptin was puzzling, it highlights the 11 between the tw species. Until they reach yung adulthd, when scial differences 12 , lins and lepards play and beg fr milk in similar ways. Fr this mther liness, she may have 13 the baby’s mre lepard-like features—his smell,
size and sptted appearance. He just jumped in. The 14 f the inter species adptin in the wild wuld be sweet enugh fr a children’s bk, yet 15 enugh t attract scientists. 【文章大意】这篇文章主要介绍了一个公园中一只母狮子收养了一只两个月大的小豹, 母狮子花了几个星期的时间来照料它, 喂养它, 直到它死去。她对待它就像对待自己儿子一样。这是一个在野生动物中罕见的跨物种领养案例。
1. A. put up with B. take advantage fC. depend nD. fight with【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 它们为了空间和食物而互相争斗。结合上文The lins and lepards f a natinal park in India nrmally d nt get alng. 可知狮子和豹子通常不会和睦相处, 他们会为空间和食物相互争斗。故选D。
2. A. scaredB. adptedC. spttedD. attacked【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 但是大约一年前, 公园里的一只年轻母狮子收养了一只小豹。 scared使害怕; adpted收养; sptted发现; attacked攻击。根据第二段中She treated him as if he were ne f her wn tw sns, wh were abut the same age. 可知年轻母狮子收养了一只小豹。故选B。
3. A. lazyB. braveC. weakD. dangerus【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 这只2个月大, 有着棕色耳朵和蓝色眼睛的小豹非常虚弱, 母狮子花了几个星期的时间来看护它, 喂养它, 照顾它, 直到它死去。结合上文The 2-mnth-ld baby可知小豹才两个月大, 很虚弱。故选C。
4. A. feedingB. checkingC. fllwingD. dressing【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 这只2个月大, 有着棕色耳朵和蓝色眼睛的小豹非常虚弱, 母狮子花了几个星期的时间来看护它, 喂养它, 照顾它, 直到它死去。结合后文and caring fr him可知母狮子给小豹喂食、照顾它直到它死去。故选A。
5. A. simpleB. typicalC. famusD. rare【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 这是一个在野生动物间罕见的跨物种领养案例, 也是唯一有记载的, 涉及通常是竞争对手的动物的案例。根据后文case f crss-species adptin in the wild可知这是一个罕见的跨物种领养案例。故选D。
6. A. friendsB. cmpetitrsC. partnersD. neighbrs【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 这是一个在野生动物间罕见的跨物种领养案例, 也是唯一有记载的, 涉及通常是竞争对手的动物的案例。根据第一段中The lins and lepards f a natinal park in India nrmally d nt get alng. 可知狮子和豹子本来是竞争对手, 故选B。
7. A. InitiallyB. LuckilyC. CertainlyD. Unexpectedly【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意: 起初, 公园工作人员认为这种结合不会持续很久, 但事情继续下去了。 Initially起初; Luckily幸运地; Certainly当然; Unexpectedly意外地。结合后文the park wrkers thught the assciatin wuld be brief, but this went n. 可知起初公园工作人员认为这种结合不会持续很久, 但事情继续下去了。故选A。
8. A. expectedB. bservedC. persuadedD. pushed【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 人们观察到这一家子在公园里逗游。 expected期待; bserved观察; persuaded说服; pushed推。结合后文t tur the park可知母狮子和小豹这一家子被人们看到在公园里逗游。故选B。9. A. ckedB. packedC. sharedD. burned【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 母狮子照顾小豹, 并分享她猎取的肉。结合上文The liness tk care f the baby可知母狮子给小豹分享自己猎取到的肉。故选C。
10. A. experienceB. affairC. agreementD. cnnectin【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 这种不太可能的联系肯定是令人惊讶的。本来是竞争对手的两个物种, 结果母狮子收养了一只小豹还成为了一个家庭, 这种联系让人觉得不可思议。故选D。
11. A. cmmunicatinB. similaritiesC. behavirD. differences【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 尽管这种收养令人费解, 但它突出了这两个物种之间的相似性。 cmmunicatin交流; similarities相似性; behavir行为; differences差异。根据后文lins and lepards play and beg fr milk in similar ways. 可知这两个物种之间存在一定的相似性。故选B。
12. A. emergeB. remainC. recverD. survive【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 狮子和豹子以相似的方式玩耍和讨奶, 直到它们进入成年期, 那时社会差异就会显现出来。 emerge显现; remain保持; recver恢复; survive幸存。结合上文Until they reach yung adulthd, when scial differences可知直到狮子和豹子进入成年期, 他们的社会差异就会显现出来。故选A。
13. A. cmparedB. dislikedC. ignredD. prtected【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 对于这只狮子妈妈来说, 她可能忽略了小豹更像豹的特征——他的气味、大小和有斑点的外表。结合后文the baby’s mre lepard-like features—his smell, size and sptted appearance可知母狮子收养小豹子是因为她忽略了小豹更像豹的特征。故选C。
14. A. incidentB. experienceC. reprtD. tale【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 对于一本儿童读物来说, 野生动物间的跨物种领养故事足够可爱, 但又足够奇怪到吸引科学家。 incident事件; experience经历; reprt报告; tale故事, 神话。结合后文fr a children’s bk可知, 野生动物间的跨物种领养更像是会出现在儿童读物里的故事。故选D。
15. A. strangeB. caringC. reliableD. mving【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 对于一本儿童读物来说, 野生动物间的跨物种领养故事足够可爱, 但又足够奇怪到吸引科学家。第二段中case f crss-species adptin in the wild提到跨物种领养本来就是个罕见的案例, 所以对于科学家来说, 野生动物间跨物种领养是很奇怪的。故选A。
【语篇二次利用】一、重点词汇再现1. adpt v. 采纳; 收养 adptin n. 采纳; 收养 adpted adj. 被收养的All three teams adpted different appraches t the prblem. 这三个队全都采用了不同的方法来解决这个问题。She prduced a TV series abut adpted children. 她拍摄了一部关于收养儿童的电视剧。
The increase in crn yields is due t the widespread adptin f agricultural technlgy. 玉米产量得到提高得益于农业技术的广泛应用。2. bserve v. 观察; 庆祝; 遵循, 遵守bservatin n. 观察We celebrate the Spring Festival while they bserve Christmas. 我们庆祝春节, 而他们庆祝圣诞节。She bserved the man slip int the building. 她观察到那个男人溜进了那栋建筑。
We shuld bserve the traditins passed dwn t us frm the past. 我们应该遵循过去传下来的传统。She has a gd bservatin。她有很强的观察力。二、写作靓句展示1. She treated him as if he were ne f her wn tw sns, wh were abut the same age. 本句为含有as if 引导的虚拟条件状语从句的复合句, 在从句中又包含wh引导的定语从句来修饰先行词sns。译文: 她对待他就好像他是她的其中一个儿子, 他们差不多同龄。
2. Until they reach yung adulthd, when scial differences emerge, lins and lepards play and beg fr milk in similar ways. 本句为含有until引导的时间状语从句的复合句, 同时在从句中又含有when所引导的定语从句来修饰先行词adulthd, 作状语。译文: 狮子和豹子以相似的方式玩耍和讨奶, 直到它们进入成年期, 那时它们的社会差异就会显现出来。
三、实际语境运用1. The yung cuple had n children f their wn s they _______a by whse parents were killed in the earthquake. T their surprise, the _______by adapted t his new family quickly. (adpt) 2. She bserved a man _______(walk) n the ppsite side f the way. 3. She was bserved _______(enter) the bank at 9: 30.
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