2021届高考英语二轮专题训练第二篇专题二语法填空第二部分题型应对策略题型一提示类填空第3讲词性转换课件

这是一份2021届高考英语二轮专题训练第二篇专题二语法填空第二部分题型应对策略题型一提示类填空第3讲词性转换课件，共50页。PPT课件主要包含了技法探究·素养提升，wealthy，causes，dishes，strengthen，energetic，branches，interest，Certainly，accuracy等内容，欢迎下载使用。

【技法一】提示词为名词时, 确定其正确形式的解题技巧
1. 【解析】seasns。考查名词复数。此处指人们学会了随着季节的变化进行工作。一年有四个季节, 应用seasn的复数。2. 【解析】beautiful。考查词性转换。和lng一起修饰后面的名词branches, 应用形容词。3. 【解析】students’。考查名词所有格。此处student和后面的名词future之间是所属关系, 应用名词所有格。
【技法点金】1. 牢记名词变复数的几种情况
2. 熟记名词变动词和形容词的后缀
【过关检测】1. (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)In the 18th and 19th centuries, _______ (wealth)peple travelled and cllected plants, histrical bjects and wrks f art. 2. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They als shared with us many __________(traditin)stries abut Hawaii that were hugely ppular with turists. 3. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ) A mere five t 10 minutes a day f running reduced the risk f heart disease and early deaths frm all ______(cause). 4. (2018·浙江高考) Few peple I knw seem t have much desire r time t ck. Making Chinese ______ (dish) is seen as especially trublesme.
5. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ)T avid knee pain, yu can run n sft surfaces, d exercises t __________(strength) yur leg muscles (肌肉), avid hills and get gd running shes. 6. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Running is cheap, easy and it’s always ________(energy). 7. (2020·烟台一模)Angels at Bat has nw grwn t include nine ________(branch) in eight states arund the USA.
【技法2 】提示词为形容词或副词时, 确定其正确形式的解题技巧
1. 【解析】extremely。考查词性转换。 修饰形容词challenging要用副词。2. 【解析】finest。考查形容词最高级。空格中的词修饰的是wrk, 根据后文中the best可知应填fine的最高级finest。3. 【解析】unfrtunately。考查词性转换。根据语境可知, “没有确凿的证据”是件不幸的事情, 应用unfrtunately。
【技法点金】1. 熟记形容词变副词的规则
2. 牢记形容词变名词的后缀
3. 牢记比较等级的常见结构(1)句中含有than, much, any, far, still, even, a bit, a lt等时, 要用比较级。(2)the +比较级. . . the +比较级　越……越……(3)比较级+and+比较级 越来越……(4)the +比较级+f the tw+名词复数 两者中较……的那个(5)the +最高级+in(f, amng). . . 在某范围内最……
【易错警示】理清语境, 谨防比较混乱①If yu feel stressed by respnsibilities at wrk, yu shuld take a step back and identify (识别) thse f __________(great) and less imprtance.  ②(变式)Lng-distance race is wn by the runner with the __________(great) endurance.  答案: ①greater　②greatest
【剖析】　　题①中空格处和后面的less并列, 指两种不同性质的工作, 填greater; 题②中空格处暗指与所有runners(三者以上)的比较, 空格前的定冠词the也是最高级的标志之一, 所以填greatest。
【过关检测】1. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷)The far side f the mn is f particular _______(interesting) t scientists because it has a lt f deep craters (环形山), mre s than the familiar near side. 2. (2020•全国Ⅱ卷)_________(certain) during the hliday perid, this plant is a must. 3. (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Histrical ________(accurate)is imprtant but s is entertainment. 4. (2020•全国Ⅲ卷)As the small bat mved ______(gentle) alng the river he was left speechless by the muntains being silently reflected in the water.
5. (2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They als shared with us many traditinal stries abut Hawaii that were ______(huge)ppular with turists. 6. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)He screams the _______(lud) f all. 7. (2018·浙江高考)There culd be an even ______(high) cst n yur health. 8. (2020·泰安模拟)Lei Haiwei, a 37-year-ld fast fd curier, frm Central China’s Hunan Prvince was _________(brilliant)crwned champin in a televised Chinese petry knwledge cntest, winning fans ver with his true lve fr ancient pems.
brilliantly
【技法3】提示词为代词时, 确定其正确形式的解题技巧
1. 【解析】them。考查代词。空格前面是动词, 空格处应用宾格。2. 【解析】themselves。考查词性转换。根据句意“参观者们利用计算机模拟, 想象着他们自己生活在历史上的不同时期或者行走在热带雨林”可知, 应用反身代词。3. 【解析】its。考查词性转换。根据结构可知空格处的词应是plans的定语, 故需填形容词性物主代词its。
【技法点金】 牢记代词的句法功能1. 人称代词: 人称代词的主格主要作主语; 宾格作宾语或表语。2. 物主代词: 形容词性的物主代词只能作定语; 名词性的物主代词可作主语、宾语或表语。3. 反身代词: 作宾语、表语或同位语。
【易错警示】逻辑关系不明, 代词形式错用①She is a big help when I need smene t quiz ________(I) fr a test r check my hmewrk.  ②She is a big help when I need t quiz ________(I) fr a test r check my hmewrk.  答案: ①me　②myself【剖析】　　题①作quiz的宾语, 与quiz的逻辑主语并非同一人, 应用人称代词的宾格me; 题②也作quiz的宾语, 但与quiz的主语是同一人, 应用反身代词myself。
【过关检测】1. (2019·北京高考)Nervusly facing challenges, I knw I will whisper t ______ (I) the tw simple wrds “Be yurself”. 2. (2018·浙江高考) One cup f cffee in the late afternn r evening will cause _____(they) t stay awake almst all night. 3. (2020·厦门一模)Han Gan, a leading hrse painter f the Tang Dynasty, is knwn fr capturing the physical features f the animal and___ (it) inner spirit. 4. T ___(she) credit, thse n-curt achievements, alng with L’s engaging persnality, helped spur interest in tennis at hme in China.
【小题夯基练】用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1. (2020·金华二模)The way we drive int a line f traffic causes _________(prblem). 2. (2020·宁波二模)I nticed a yung Chinese cuple staring at __ (we) when we came t a crssrad and were waiting fr the light t change. 3. (2020·驻马店模拟)“Autumn” caught n quickly, likely because it replaced the _______ (rigin) name—“harvest”. 4. (2020·大连一模)They thught that the receivers wuld feel _____________(awkward) and uncmfrtable ver the letters than they actually were.  
mre awkward
5. (2020·威海一模)Leather is a hugely ppular material fr a range f prducts, but this __________ (ppular) cmes at a price. 6. (2020·昆明三模)“I became famus ________(instant) and was given a nickname ‘Uncle Hanzi’, ”, Sears said with a smile. 7. (2020·烟台一模)S if yu are passinate abut smething, stick t it and thrugh hard wrk, yu _____ (true) can make yur dream cme true, ” says Max. 8. _____________ (frtunate)Gandhi was sht by an Indian wh ppsed his views and died n January 30th, 1948.
Unfrtunately
【大题提能练】Ⅰ. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空This year, an utbreak f the 2019-nCV cast a shadw ver Chinese New Year celebratins. 1. ___________(impressive), many peple banded 2. __________(they) tgether t fight against the 3. ______(dead) virus, including Chinese celebrities. Actress Barbie Hsu’s husband Wang Xiafei said in a Weib pst that Hsu had bught 10, 000 4. ______(mask) t be dnated t the peple f Wuhan,China. Wang said, “My wife bught 10, 000 masks frm Japan. Tday, we’re sending them t a cntact f mine in Wuhan and he’ll help us t dnate them.
Impressively
Mving frward, we will find mre 5. ___________ (prfessin)surgical face masks in Japan. ”Artist Luis K dnated 10 millin yuan t the Wuhan Benevlent General Assciatin t help purchase 6. _______ (medicine) supplies. Actr Zhu Yilng, wh is frm Wuhan, dnated ne millin yuan, and als gave wrds f 7. ______________(encurage) t a dctr n “24-hur standby”. The dctr said n Weib that she culd nt jin her family fr Chinese New Year as she had t attend t dzens f 8. _______(patient) infected by the virus, and tagged (附上) Zhu in her pst. Zhu 9. ___________(immediate) respnded t her, and said, “Yu can d it! Yu have t prtect
encuragement
immediately
yurself, s yu can help mre peple. ”Netizens frm arund the wrld als cllected medical supplies t help Chinese peple beat the virus. All f 10. _____ (they)are great peple.
Ⅱ. 综合填空 Passage 1 SpaceX is planning t send up t fur private citizensint space t take a trip arund Earth smetime at the end f 2021 r in early 2022. The spaceflight cmpany annunced an 1. _______(agree) with Space Adventures,a space turism business that had helped seven 2._______(differ) private citizens take trips t (and frm) the Internatinal Space Statin (ISS) abard Russia’s Syuz rcket and spacecraft.   SpaceX 3. __________(spend) the last few years building and testing ut
this new versin f Dragn. Theprivate space flight cmpany 4. __________(recent) cmpleted the secnd majr flight test f the Crew Dragn, as it’s called, which shwed the capsule’s ability t escape 5. __________ explding rcket.   While little is knwn abut the newly-annunced flight, SpaceX has detailed the inside f the Crew Dragn spacecraft 6. ________will take the turists arund the Earth. There are a few seats and an array f tuch-screens in the capsule. The spacecraft 7. __________(surrund) by windws, thugh they’re nt as large as the nes Blue Origin built int its wn capsule. SpaceX has als shwn custm-designed spacesuits and helmets that Crew Dragn
passengers will wear. The suits lk 8. _________(small) than past designs, but they are still pressurized and can resist flame. They cme with tuch-screen cmpatible (兼容的)glves, and will lck 9. __________ the seats fr the ride up t space.   Other private spaceflight cmpanies are trying 10. _________(establish) the space turism market. Richard Bransn’ s Virgin Galactic and Jeff Bezs’s Blue Origin are in the running.
【文章大意】据国外媒体报道, 太空探索技术公司SpaceX计划在 2021年底或2022年初将普通公民送入太空遨游。1. 【解析】agreement。考查词性转换。冠词后应用名词。2. 【解析】different。考查词性转换。修饰名词citizens, 应用形容词。3. 【解析】has spent。考查时态。根据the last few years可知, 谓语动词与现在有关, 应用现在完成时。4. 【解析】recently。考查词性转换。修饰动词cmplete, 应用副词。5. 【解析】an。考查冠词。泛指一艘火箭, 应用不定冠词, 且又在explding之前, 应用不定冠词 an。
6. 【解析】that /which。考查定语从句。spacecraft后是定语从句, 从句中缺少主语, 且先行词指物, 应用that或which引导定语从句。7. 【解析】is surrunded。考查时态和语态。surrund和主语the spacecraft之间是被动关系, 且是客观事实, 应用一般现在时的被动语态。8. 【解析】smaller。考查形容词的比较级。根据than可知, 应用比较级。9. 【解析】int。考查介词。lck int固定在……里。10. 【解析】t establish。考查非谓语动词。try t d sth. 努力做某事。
Passage 2(2020·常德一模) The driver, Zhang Sai, hvered (踌躇) utside 1. _________apartment building in Wuhan, the central Chinese city at the heart f the 2019-nCV utbreak. He 2. _________(rder) nt t take fd t custmers’ drs in rder 3. _________(minimize) the risk f infectin. But the wman n the phne was pleading(恳求), he recalled. The fd was fr her mther, 4. __________ culdn’t g dwn t meet him.  
Mr Zhang agreed. He wuld drp ff the rder and get away as 5. _______(quick) as pssible. As he placed the bag 6. _______ the flr, Mr Zhang said, the dr pened. Frightened, he rushed away. Withut thinking, he said, he jabbed (戳) the elevatr buttn with his finger, 7. _______(tuch) a surface he feared culd transmit the virus.   That was hw Mr Zhang, 32, fund 8. __________ (him) speeding back t his delivery statin with ne finger held alft (高高举着一根手指), careful nt t tuch the rest f his hand — a quarantine in miniature (一个小型隔离现场).   Fr many in China, delivery drivers like Mr Zhang are the nly 9. _______ (cnnect) t the utside wrld. Once a ubiquitus but invisible presence n the
streets f nearly every Chinese city, the drivers are nw being regarded as 10. _______ (her).  
【文章大意】疫情期间, 快递小哥给外界和居民之间搭起了一座桥梁。1. 【解析】an。考查冠词。泛指一座公寓大楼, 应用不定冠词, apartment前应用不定冠词an。2. 【解析】had been rdered。考查时态和语态。谓语动词rder和主语He之间是被动关系, 且发生在hvered之前, 即“过去的过去”, 应用过去完成时的被动语态。3. 【解析】t minimize。考查非谓语动词。in rder t d sth. 为了做某事, 应用不定式。4. 【解析】wh。考查定语从句。wh引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰her mther; 从句中缺少主语, 且指人, 应用wh引导定语从句。
5. 【解析】quickly。考查词性转换。修饰动词get away, 应用副词。6. 【解析】n。考查介词。n the flr在地板上, 应用n。7. 【解析】tuching。考查非谓语动词。tuch和逻辑主语he之间是主动关系, 应用现在分词作状语。8. 【解析】himself。考查词性转换。作fund的宾语, 且和主语是同一人, 应用反身代词。9. 【解析】cnnectin。考查词性转换。定冠词the后应用名词。10. 【解析】heres。考查名词复数。作介词as的宾语, 且指的是drivers, 应用名词复数。
Passage 3 (2020·眉山二模) Music educatin can change the track f a child’s life. Music educatin helps build 1. __________(cnfident). While sprts can d the same thing, ne thing abut music classes 2. __________(be)that they allw a child 3. ________(make)mistakes withut a large grup watching his/her every mve. There is a time and place fr grup learning, 4. __________sme peple say children grw n the ne-n-ne instructin mst music classes ffer. When they learnhw t play sngs, they feel like they are n tp f the wrld and can d 5. _________(big) and greater things.  
Music educatin aids in academic imprvement. It is 6. ________majr benefit fr many peple. They excel academically after they begin taking pian lessns. They end up 7. ________ (graduate) as valedictrians(优秀毕业生)f a small high schl, and they graduate with hnrs frm cllege. Music educatin teaches self-discipline and requires fcused attentin. These are bth skills 8. __________ are needed fr academic success as well. Music educatin can benefit a child financially. Yes, music educatin is nt cheap, but it can be 9. ________(affrd). The return can bring many psitive 10. ________(reward)fr a child fr the rest f his r her life.  
【文章大意】音乐教育可以改变孩子的人生轨迹。1. 【解析】cnfidence。考查词性转换。作build的宾语, 应用名词。2. 【解析】is。考查时态和主谓一致。此处讲述的是客观事实, 且主语ne thing是第三人称单数, 谓语动词应用一般现在时的单数形式。3. 【解析】t make。考查非谓语动词。allw sb. t d sth. 允许某人做某事, 应用不定式作宾语补足语。4. 【解析】but / yet。考查连词。上下文之间是转折关系, 应用but或yet。5. 【解析】bigger。考查形容词的比较级。根据greater可知, 此处应用big的比较级。
6. 【解析】a。考查冠词。泛指benefit, 应用不定冠词a。7. 【解析】graduating。考查非谓语动词。end up ding是固定搭配。8. 【解析】that /which。考查定语从句。skills后是定语从句, 且从句中缺少主语, 先行词指物, 应用that或which引导。9. 【解析】affrdable。考查词性转换。系动词be后应用形容词作表语。10. 【解析】rewards。考查名词复数。many修饰可数名词复数。
【加固训练】Passage 1 (2020·重庆二模) Olympic and Paralympic medals fr the Tky 2020 Games will be made frm recycled mbile phnes dnated by the public. Olympic hst cities have 1. __________ (traditin) btained the metal frm mining firms. But Japan, 2. _________lacks its wn mineral resurces, is keen n taking the theme f a sustainable future a step 3. _________(far). “A prject which allws the peple f Japan 4. ________(participate) in creating the medals is really gd, and helps raise the envirnmental
awareness f ur  citizens, ” said Tky 2020 sprts 5. __________ (direct) Kji Murfushi. “6. __________ the resurces f ur earth are limited, we need t recycle mre and avid waste. This prgram is setting an example. ”  Cllectin bxes have been placed in lcal ffices and telecm stres and they will remain there until the metal required 7. _________(cllect). Members f the rganizing cmmittee put frward the idea 8.________gvernment fficials and cmpanies earlier this year and wn their supprt. As a result, the medals hanging arund Olympic winners’ necks will carry even mre meaning than usual. Peple’s persnal memries, nce 9. ________ (stre) in their smartphnes and ther handheld devices, will take
shape f an Olympic medal, ne f the mst precius 10. __________ (prize) in sprt.  
【文章大意】2020年东京奥运会和残运会的奖牌将由公众捐赠的回收旧手机制成。1. 【解析】traditinally。考查词性转换。修饰动词btain应用副词。2. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句, 从句中缺少主语, 且先行词是Japan, 应用which引导。3. 【解析】further。考查比较级。根据语境可知此处应指进一步, 用比较级further。4. 【解析】t participate。考查非谓语动词。allw sb. t d sth. 允许某人做某事, 应用不定式作宾语补足语。5. 【解析】directr。考查词性转换。Kji Murfushi是东京奥运会体育总监, 应用名词directr。
6. 【解析】As /Because /Since。考查连词。上下文之间是因果关系, 应用As/Because/Since引导原因状语从句。7. 【解析】is cllected / has been cllected。考查时态和语态。until引导时间状语从句, 主句用将来时, 从句要用一般现在时或现在完成时; cllect和主语之间是被动关系, 应用被动语态。8. 【解析】t。考查介词。put frward sth. t sb. 向……提出, 应用介词t。9. 【解析】stred。考查非谓语动词。stre和逻辑主语peple’s persnal memries之间是被动关系, 应用过去分词。10. 【解析】prizes。考查名词复数。ne f后的名词应用复数。
Passage 2 (2020·南宁三模) Kiyt Sait is trying t change peple’s pinin f agricultural wrkers thrugh his unusual attire (打扮). Whether he’s driving a tractr 1. _________ standing in the fields, Kiyt is always wearing an elegant suit.   Kiyt’s family has been planting rice fr arund 400 years, but as a teenager he fund the traditin 2. __________(bre) and mved t the city. He returned t his native twn tw years ag, and 3. __________(determine) t get invlved in the family business.  
4. __________ idea f wearing a suit in the fields started as a jke. Oneday,his brther jked abut farming in an elegant suit, but Kiyt tk it 5. __________(serius). He viewed the idea as the perfect way t change the public pinin f agricultural wrkers. “Mst peple think f farmers 6. __________‘dirty all day’. I want yungsters t think ‘farming lks fun’. ” he said.   At first n ne seemed 7. __________(understand) him. Even his family were surprised by his 8. __________(chse) f farming attire. His grandfather wrried 9. __________(d) farm wrk in a suit wuld be dangerus.  
Nw Kiyt is famus and has been invited n varius televisin shws. He als has a blg where he regularly 10. __________(pst) his farmingexperiences and phts f himself all dressed up.  
【文章大意】本文主要讲了Kiyt Sait想改变人们对农民穿着的传统观念的故事。在人们的观念里, 在地里干活的农民一整天就是脏的。他通过穿着正装干农活来改变这种观念。1. 【解析】r。考查连词。whether. . . r. . . 不管……还是……, 固定搭配。2. 【解析】bring。考查词性转换。此处为结构“find sth. +形容词”, 修饰traditin应用bring作宾语补足语。3. 【解析】determined。考查时态。分析句子结构可知, and连接并列谓语, 所以空处要用一般过去时。4. 【解析】The。考查冠词。此处特指wearing a suit in the fields, 应用定冠词, 句首单词首字母要大写。