2021年高考英语二轮专题复习《阅读理解》08(含答案)-试卷下载-教习网
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    2021年高考英语二轮专题复习《阅读理解》08(含答案)

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    这是一份2021年高考英语二轮专题复习《阅读理解》08(含答案),共12页。



    Jimmy is an autmtive mechanic, but he lst his jb a few mnths ag. He has a gd heart, but always feared applying fr a new jb.
    One day, he gathered up all his strength and decided t attend a jb interview. His appintment was at 10 am and it was already 8:30. While waiting fr a bus t the ffice where he was suppsed t be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre f his car. Obviusly there was smething wrng with the car. Jimmy immediately went up t lend him a hand. When Jimmy finished wrking n the car, the ld man asked him hw much he shuld pay fr the service. Jimmy said there was n need t pay him; he just helped smene in need, and he had t rush fr an interview. Then the ld man said, “Well, I culd take yu t the ffice fr yur interview. It’s the least I culd d. Please, I insist. ”Jimmy agreed.
    Upn arrival, Jimmy fund a lng line f applicants waiting t be interviewed. Jimmy still had sme grease n him after the car repair, but he did nt have much time t wash it ff r have a change f shirt. One by ne, the applicants left the interviewer’s ffice with disappinted lks n their faces. Finally his name was called. The interviewer was sitting n a large chair facing the ffice windw. Rcking the chair back and frth, he asked, “D yu really need t be interviewed?”Jimmy’s heart sank. “With the way I lk nw, hw culd I pssibly pass this interview?”he thught t himself.
    Then the interviewer turned the chair and t Jimmy’s surprise, it was the ld man he helped earlier in the mrning. It turned ut he was the General Manager f the cmpany.
    “Srry I had t keep yu waiting, but I was pretty sure I made the right decisin t have yu as part f ur wrkfrce befre yu even stepped int this ffice. I just knw yu’d be a trustwrthy wrker. Cngratulatins!”Jimmy sat dwn and they shared a cup f well-deserved cffee as he landed himself a new jb.
    (1)Why did Jimmy apply fr a new jb?
    A.He was ut f wrk.
    B.He was bred with his jb.
    C.He wanted a higher psitin.
    D.He hped t find a better bss.
    (2)What did Jimmy see n the way t the interview?
    A.A friend’s car had a flat tyre.
    B.A wild man was pushing a car.
    C.A terrible car accident happened.
    D.An ld man’s car brke dwn.
    (3)Why did the ld man ffer Jimmy a ride?
    A.He was als t be interviewed.
    B.He needed a travelling cmpanin.
    C.He always helped peple in need.
    D.He was thankful t Jimmy.
    (4)Hw did Jimmy feel n hearing the interviewer’s questin?
    A.He was srry fr the ther applicants.
    B.There was n hpe fr him t get the jb.
    C.He regretted helping the ld man.
    D.The interviewer was very rude.
    (5)What can we learn frm Jimmy’s experience?
    A.Where there’s a will, there’s a way.
    B.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
    C.Gd is rewarded with gd.
    D.Tw heads are better than ne.
    B
    阅读下面的短文,完成下列各题:
    When Gitanjali Ra shared hw she likes “finding slutins t real prblems”, it was hard t imagine this dynamic girl culd settle a prblem that had escaped scientists fr years.
    In just three mnths, Ra came up with a device (装置) that can replace the cstly and lengthy tests currently used t reliably determine lead levels in ur fresh water. Inspired by the current litigatin (诉讼) in Flint, Michigan, a case f water pllutin frm 2014 until present, Ra designed a new testing system that resulted in her being named “America's tp yung scientist” fr 2017.
    Ra had been fllwing the water prblem fr abut tw years. She was amazed by the number f peple affected by lead pllutin in water and wanted t d smething t change this. Ra spent mnths trying t cnvince lcal high schls and clleges t give her lab time t cntinue her experiment. At hme, Ra wrked n her prject in the “science rm” she asked her parents t create fr her. Ra has created a device that uses three parts: a cartridge, a Bluetth reader and an app. T put it simply, the cartridge cntains carbn nantubes (纳米管) that react t lead. This reactin is then registered by the Bluetth reader, which sends a signal t a mbile app that can tell yu immediately if yur water is safe t drink.
    Ra apprpriately named the device Tethys and is hping t make a little imprvement t get the device n the market. While we may nt be aware f any lead pllutin present in ur aging pipelines, lead pisning can cause delays in physical and mental develpment. With Ra believing that the “purpse f science is t make a difference”, her incredible inventin culd make a difference t millins f peple in the United States.
    (1)What d we knw abut Ra's device?
    A.It's cheap and quick.
    B.It's cheap and inaccurate.
    C.It's expensive and reliable.
    D.It's prtable and timecnsuming.
    (2)What made Ra have the idea f designing the device?
    A.Her parents' suggestins.
    B.Her desire fr winning the award.
    C.Her interest in settling real prblems.
    D.The water pllutin litigatin in Flint.
    (3)What d the carbn nantubes functin as?
    A.Sending immediate signals.
    B.Detecting the presence f lead.
    C.Recrding the reactin results.
    D.Shwing the water quality results.
    (4)What des the authr think f Ra's inventin?
    A.It will lead Ra t make a frtune.
    B.It will help millins f Americans drink safe water.
    C.It will prmte the develpment f science in America.
    D.It will sn settle the leadplluted prblem thrughly.
    C

    Jimmy Dlittle was a scientist, an airplane engineer and a general in the United States Army.
    At ne time, he held the recrd fr flying faster than any ther persn. He was the first pilt t crss the United States in less than twenty-fur hurs. He was the first pilt t fly “ blind’’,using nly instruments t guide his airplane.
    And, when his cuntry entered Wrld War Tw, he led ne f the first successful attacks against the enemy.
    Jimmy Dlittle was bm n December, 14th, 18%,in the western state f Califrnia. His family sn mved t Nme,Alaska. Jimmy was a small by. He never grew t be very big. Yet larger bys made a mistake if they thught being small als meant being weak. Jimmy wuld fight if smene tried t hurt him. And he almst never lst.
    As a yung man he became a bxing champin. When the United States entered Wrld War One, yung Jimmy Dlittle jined the army. He als asked t be trained as a pilt. On March 18th, 1918, Jimmy passed the tests and graduated frm flight schl. He had hped t g t France and fight in the war. The army, hwever, had him train ther pilts. When the war ended, Jimmy chse t stay in the army. He thught this wuld give him a chance t cmbine his flying skills and his interest in engineering.
    Fr mst f the years between Wrld War One and Wrld War Tw, Jimmy Dlittle was invlved in the grwth f the airplane industry. He helped test new airplanes. He flew lnger and lnger distances. He als entered the wrld-famus air races f the time.
    On September 27th, 1993, the scientist, racing pilt, aviatin pineer and military leader Jimmy Dlittle died.

    (1)Which f the fllwing statements abut Jimmy is NOT true?
    A.He was the first pilt t fly with his eyes cvered.
    B.He held the recrd fr the flying speed at ne time.
    C.He was the first pilt that crssed America in less than 24 hurs.
    D.He was the first pilt t fly nly by using instruments t guide his airplane.
    (2)What did Jimmy d during the First Wrld War?
    A.He went t France t fight.
    B.He trained ther pilts in the army.
    C.He became a bxing champin.
    D.He led the army t attack against the enemy.
    (3)Why did Jimmy chse t stay in the army when the war ended?
    A.He liked the army very much.
    B.He wanted t train mre pilts in the army.
    C.He thught the army culd prvide better salary.
    D.The army was a gd place t cmbine his skills and interest.
    (4)The last paragraph but ne mainly tells Jimmy's _______.
    A.achievements B.cntributins C.develpment D.strengths

    D

    One day,I received a call frm a clleague.He was abut t give a student a zer fr his answer t a physical prblem,while the student claimed a perfect scre.I was elected as their arbiter(仲裁人).I read the examinatin prblem,“Shw hw it is pssible t determine the height f a tall building with the aid f a barmeter(气压计).”The student had answered,“Take the barmeter t the tp f the building,attach a lng rpe t it,lwer it t the street,and then bring it up and measure the length f the rpe.The length f it is the height f the building.”
    The student had really answered the questin cmpletely,but the answer didn’t cnfirm his cmpetence in physics.I suggested the student try again.I gave him six minutes t answer the questin,warning that the answer shuld shw sme knwledge f physics.Five minutes later,he said he had many answers and dashed ff ne,which read “Take the barmeter t the tp f the building and lean ver the edge f the rf.Drp the barmeter,timing its fall with a stpwatch.Then,use the physical frmula(公式)t calculate the height f the building.”
    At this pint,my clleague had t accept it,and then the student made almst full marks.I culdn’t help asking the student what the ther answers were.He listed many thers,and then added,“Prbably the best ne is t take the barmeter t the administratr and say t him,‘Sir,here is a fine barmeter.If yu tell me the height f the building,I will give it t yu.’”
    Then,I asked the student if he really did nt knw the cnventinal answer t this questin.He admitted that he did,but said that he was fed up with high schl and cllege instructrs trying t teach him hw t think.
    The name f the student was Bhr wh later was famus all ver the wrld.He wn the Nbel Prize in Physics in 192(2)

    (1)The student gt a zer at the beginning because ________.
    A.the teacher wasn’t satisfied with him
    B.his answer wasn’t cmplete r crrect
    C.the teacher didn’t fully understand his answer
    D.his answer didn’t shw his knwledge f physics
    (2)We knw frm the passage that ________.
    A.the student knew the expected answer
    B.the administratr tld Bhr the height
    C.the authr preferred Bhr’s last answer
    D.the teacher was a very stubbrn persn
    (3)We can learn frm the passage that ________.
    A.instructrs can teach students hw t think
    B.arbiters can help students t get high scres
    C.students shuld be given mre freedm in thinking
    D.teachers shuld make students use physical frmulas
    (4)What was Bhr’s attitude tward his schling?
    A.Optimistic. B.Critical. C.Apprving. D.Pessimistic.

    E

    It happened t me recently.I was telling smene hw much I had enjyed reading Barack Obama’sDreams Frm My Fatherand hw it had changed my views f ur President.A friend I was talking t agreed with me that it was,in his wrds,“a brilliantly(精彩地)written bk”.Hwever,he then went n t talk abut Mr Obama in a way which suggested he had n idea f his backgrund at all.I sensed that I was talking t a bk liar.
    And it seems that my friend is nt the nly ne.Apprximately tw thirds f peple have lied abut reading a bk which they haven’t.In the Wrld Bk Day’s“Reprt n Guilty Secrets”,Dreams Frm My Fatheris at number 9.The reprt lists ten bks,and varius authrs,which peple have lied abut reading,and as I’m nt ne t lie t ften(I’d hate t be caught ut),I’ll admit here and nw that I haven’t read the entire tp ten.But I am pleased t say that,unlike 42 percent f peple,I have read the bk at number ne,Gerge Orwell’s1984.I think it’s really brilliant.
    The Wrld Bk Day reprt als has sme ther interesting infrmatin in it.It says that many peple lie abut having read Jane Austen,Charles Dickens,Fydr Dstevsky(I haven’t read him,but haven’t lied abut it either)and Herman Melville.
    Asked why they lied,the mst cmmn reasn was t“impress”smene they were speaking t.This culd be tricky if the cnversatin became mre in-depth!
    But when asked which authrs they actually enjy, peple named , Jhn Grisham, Sphie Kinsella (ah, the big sellers, in ther wrds). Frty-tw percent f peple asked admitted they turned t the back f the bk t read the end befre finishing the stry (I’ll cme clean:I d this and am astnished that 58 percent said they had never dne s).
    (1)Hw did the authr find his friend a bk liar?
    A. By judging his manner f speaking.
    B. By lking int his backgrund.
    C. By mentining a famus name.
    D. By discussing the bk itself.
    (2)Which f the fllwing is a“guilty secret”accrding t the Wrld Bk Day reprt?
    A. Charles Dickens is very lw n the tp-ten list.
    B. 42% f peple pretended t have read1984.
    C. The authr admitted having read 9 bks.
    D. Dreams Frm My Fatheris hardly read.
    (3)By lying abut reading,a persn hpes t .
    A. cntrl the cnversatin
    B. appear knwledgeable
    C. learn abut the bk
    D. make mre friends
    (4)What is the authr’s attitude t 58% f readers?
    A. Favrable.B. Uncaring.C. Dubtful.D. Friendly.
    F

    Lw-Cst Gifts fr Mther’s Day
    Gift N.1
    Offer t be yur mther’s health friend.Prmise t be there fr any and all dctr’s visits whether a disease r a regular medical check-up.Mst mthers always say“n need,”but anther set f eyes and ears is always a gd idea at a dctr’s visit.The best part? This ne is free.
    Gift N.2
    Help yur mther rganize all f her medical recrds, which include the test results and medical infrmatin.Put them all in ne place.Be sure t make a list f all f her medicines and what times she takes them. “Having all this infrmatin in ne place culd end up saving yur mther’s life,”Dr.Marie Savard said.
    Gift N.3
    Enugh sleep is cnnected t general health cnditins. “Buy yur mther cttn sheets and cmfrtable pillws t encurage better sleep,”Savard said.“We knw that gd sleep is very imprtant t ur health.”
    Gift N.4
    Sme gift cmpanies such as Presents fr Purpse allw yu t pay it frward this Mther’s Day by picking gifts in which 10 percent f the price yu pay ges t a charity(慈善机构). Gift givers can chse frm a wide variety f useful but inexpensive things—many f which are“green”—and then chse a meaningful charity frm a list.When yur mther gets the gift,she will be tld that she has helped the chsen charity.
    (1)What are yu advised t d fr yur mther at dctr’s visits?
    A. Take ntes.
    B. Be with her.
    C. Buy medicine.
    D. Give her gifts.
    (2)What can be a gift f rganizatin fr yur mther?
    A. Keeping her medical infrmatin tgether.
    B. Buying all gifts fr her frm ne cmpany.
    C. Making a list f her medical check-ups.
    D. String her medicines in a safe place.
    (3)Where can yu find a gift idea t imprve yur mther’s sleep?
    A. In Gift N.1.
    B. In Gift N.2.
    C. In Gift N.3.
    D. In Gift N.4.
    (4)Buying gifts frm Presents fr Purpse allws mthers t .
    A. enjy gd sleep
    B. be well-rganized
    C. get extra supprt
    D. give thers help
    G

    My wife and I have always been friendly with the clerks at the lcal stre.I dn’t think many peple appreciate what a difficult jb these clerks have.They wrk fr a little mney and I ften wnder hw they make ends meet.
    One f the clerks, Charlie, was always wearing his glasses but he didn’t ne day.I asked him abut it and he said they’d been ut f rder and that he culdn’t affrd a new pair.His family needed mney.It was clear that he was having a difficult time.
    We wanted t help him, s we turned t ur wn eye dctr fr help with a plan.We had his secretary cntact him, asking him t cme in fr an eye exam fr free.We tld the dctr t let him rder whatever glasses he wanted and that we wuld pay fr them.Althugh Charlie questined what was ging n, the dctr just tld him that smene had ffered the mney fr his new glasses.When we went in t pay the bill, the dctr tld us he was tuched by ur idea s that he waived the exam fee and nly charged us fr half the price f the glasses!
    It was s wnderful t see Charlie in his new glasses and he enjyed telling all the regular custmers hw the gift came abut.I’m sure that upn hearing his stry, ideas f kindness may have cme in the minds f many peple.
    (1)Why didn’t the clerk Charlie wear glasses ne day?
    A.It was very warm and fine.
    B.His glasses were missing.
    C.His ld glasses were brken.
    D.He frgt t wear his glasses.
    (2)Frm the passage, we can infer that ______.
    A.Charlie was a yung man with skills
    B.Charlie culdn’t supprt his family with enugh mney
    C.Charlie cmpletely accepted the mney fr the new glasses
    D.Charlie knew wh paid the mney fr the new glasses
    (3)The underlined wrd “waived” in the third paragraph can be replaced by ______.
    A.tk up B.gave up C.cut dwn D.put ff
    (4)Which f the fllwing culd be the best title fr the passage?
    A.Custmers’ Gift t an Emplyee
    B.A Friendly Clerk — Charlie
    C.The Wnderful Feeling f Helping thers
    D.An Expensive Pair f Glasses
    H

    Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, accrding t a study that has fund a link between the cycles f a beating heart and the chance f smene feeling fear.
    Tests n healthy vlunteers fund that they were mre likely t feel a sense f fear at the mment when their hearts are cntracting(收缩)and pumping bld arund their bdies, cmpared with the pint when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able t influence hw the brain respnds t a fearful event, depending n which pint it is at in its regular cycle f cntractin and relaxatin.
    Sarah Garfinkel at the Brightn and Sussex Medical Schl said: “Our study shws fr the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending n when we see fearful pictures in relatin t ur heart.”
    The study tested 20 healthy vlunteers n their reactins t fear as they were shwn pictures f fearful faces.Dr Garfinkel said, “The study shwed that fearful faces are better nticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus ur hearts can als affect what we see and what we dn’t see—and guide whether we see fear.”
    T further understand this relatinship, the scientists als used a brain scanner(扫描仪)t shw hw the brain influences the way the heart changes a persn’s feeling f fear.
    “We have fund an imprtant mechanism by which the heart and brain‘speak’t each ther t change ur feelings and reduce fear, ”Dr Garfinkel said.
    “We hpe that by increasing ur understanding abut hw fear is dealt with and ways that it culd be reduced, we may be able t develp mre successful treatments fr anxiety disrders, and als fr thse wh may be suffering frm serius stress disrder.”
    (1)What is the finding f the study?
    A.One’s heart affects hw he feels fear.
    B.Fear is a result f ne’s relaxed heartbeat.
    C.Fear has smething t d with ne’s health.
    D.One’s fast heartbeats are likely t cause fear.
    (2)The study was carried ut by analyzing .
    A.vlunteers’ heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures
    B.the time vlunteers saw fearful pictures and their health cnditins
    C.vlunteers’ reactins t hrrible pictures and data frm their brain scans
    D.different pictures shwn t vlunteers and their heart-brain cmmunicatin
    (3)Which f the fllwing is clsest in meaning t“mechanism”in Paragraph 6?
    A.Order. B.System. C.Machine. D.Treatment.
    (4)This study may cntribute t .
    A.treating anxiety and stress better
    B.explaining the cycle f fear and anxiety
    C.finding the key t the heart-brain cmmunicatin
    D.understanding different fears in ur hearts and heads
    \s 0 参考答案
    【参考答案】
    【文章大意】这是一篇人物类的记叙文, 主要叙述了Jimmy失业后求职的经历, 告诉我们善有善报。
    (1)【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段的but he lst his jb a few mnths ag可知答案选A。
    (2)【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的While waiting was smething wrng with the car.可知老人的车出了故障,所以选D。
    (3)【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段最后几句老人所说的话可知,老人让Jimmy搭车,是想向Jimmy表示感谢。
    (4)【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段的Jimmy’s heart sank.“With the way I lk nw,hw culd I...”可知Jimmy认为自己没有希望得到这份工作。所以选B。
    (5)【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段及最后一段可知,我们从Jimmy的经历中了解到好人有好报,所以选C。A项有志者,事竟成;B项患难见真情;D项三个臭皮匠胜过诸葛亮。
    答案为:A 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“In just three mnths, Ra came up with a device (装置) that can replace the cstly and lengthy tests currently used t reliably determine lead levels in ur fresh water.”可推知,与以前又贵又费时的设备相比,Ra所发明的设备既便宜又省时,与第三段最后一句“This reactin is then registered by the Bluetth reader, which sends a signal t a mbile app that can tell yu immediately if yur water is safe t drink.”相呼应,故选A。
    D 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Inspired by the current litigatin (诉讼) in Flint, Michigan, a case f water pllutin frm 2014 until present, Ra designed a new testing system that resulted in her being named ‘America's tp yung scientist’ fr 2017.”可知,Ra设计测试水中铅水平的装置的想法是受一个水污染诉讼的启发,故选D。
    B 推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句“T put it simply, the cartridge cntains carbn nantubes (纳米管) that react t lead.”可推知,这个碳纳米管是可以对铅起反应的,因此可以检测出水中是否含有铅,故选B。
    B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句中的“While we may nt be aware f any lead pllutin present in ur aging pipelines, lead pisning can cause delays in physical and mental develpment.” “her incredible inventin culd make a difference t millins f peple in the United States”和对本段的整体理解可推知,作者认为Ra的发明可以帮助人们快速检测出水中是否含有铅,从而可以大大提高人们饮用水的安全性,意义重大,故选B。
    答案及解析:
    答案:(1)A; (2)B; (3)D; (4)A
    解析:(1)细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知,只有A句不对。故选A项。
    (2)细节理解题.根据第五段中的“The army,hwever,had him train ther pilts. ” 可知B项正确。
    (3)细节理解题.根据第五段最后一句可知,D项正确.
    (4)主旨大意题.根据倒数第二段的内容可知,主要介绍的是吉米的成就. 误解分析:易错项是B项,意为“贡献”。

    答案及解析:
    答案:(1)D; (2)A; (3)C; (4)B
    解析:(1)细节理解题。从第二段第一句中的“but the answer didn’t cnfirm his cmpetence in physics”可知,这个学生的解题方法没有体现物理方面的知识是他得零分的原因。
    (2)细节理解题。从倒数第二段中的“Then,I asked the student if he really did nt knw the cnventinal answer t this questin.He admitted that he did”可知,这个学生知道被期待的答案是什么。故A项正确。
    (3)推理判断题。从最后两段的内容可知,Bhr富有创造性思维并获得了诺贝尔奖,由此推断文章主张学生应该被允许自由地思考。
    (4)观点态度题。从倒数第二段中的“but said that he was fed up with high schl and cllege instructrs trying t teach him hw t think”可知,Bhr对他接受的教育持批判的态度。

    【参考答案】
    【文章大意】作者主要阐明了自己对一些人的看法,那就是有些人没有读过一些名著也不了解一些著名的作家,却撒谎说他们读过这些名著也读过这些著名的作家的信息,但也有些像作者这样从来不撒谎的人。
    (1)【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知,作者的朋友说他读过奥巴马的Dreams Frm My Father,但是他却以一种不了解奥巴马的背景的方式谈论奥巴马,据此作者判断出他撒谎了。故选D。
    (2)【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知,“Reprt n Guilty Secrets”揭露了三分之二的人撒谎说他们读过一些没有读过的书,其中42%的人撒谎说他们读过Gerge Orwell的1984。由此可知选B。
    (3)【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知,撒谎说他们读过一些名著,想给人留下印象,好像自己知识渊博。故选B。
    (4)【解析】选C。推理判断题。文章最后一句I d this and am astnished that 58 percent said they had never dne s中的astnished(吃惊的)表明作者不相信58%的人说的话。故选C。
    【参考答案】
    【文章大意】这是一则广告,告诉消费者母亲节要到了,推荐给大家几件可以送给母亲的礼物,即陪母亲看病、做体检;帮母亲整理就诊记录;买舒适的床上用品;从Presents fr Purpse买礼物。
    (1)【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据Gift N.1的内容可知,母亲去看医生时要陪着。由此可知选B。
    (2)【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据Gift N.2的内容可知,要把母亲的医疗检查、结果和信息放在一个地方。故选A。
    (3)【解析】选C。细节理解题。Gift N.3的内容提到了改善母亲睡眠的事情。故选C。
    (4)【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Gift N.4的内容可知,从Presents fr Purpse买东西,要把你付的价钱中的十分之一捐给慈善机构,从而间接帮助母亲做了善事,即帮助了别人。故选D。
    【参考答案】
    (1)C;(2)B;(3)B;(4)A;
    【参考答案】
    【文章大意】这是一篇科普说明文。说明了一项研究的结果:心脏和大脑一样都可以感受恐惧,而且发现了心脏的跳动循环和一个人感到恐惧的可能性之间的联系。
    (1)【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段的内容可知研究的结果:心脏的跳动循环和感到恐惧之间存在着联系,心脏收缩时更可能产生恐惧感。故选A项。
    (2)【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句话可知研究观察的是当志愿者被展示给一些恐怖面孔时他们对于恐惧的反应是怎样的;再结合第五段的第一句话可知科学家们是通过观察大脑扫描仪来发现大脑是如何影响心脏改变一个人恐惧感的方式。故可以得出C项为正确答案。
    (3)【解析】选B。词义猜测题。结合后面的定语从句的内容:通过这个“mechanism”大脑和心脏之间相互交流来改变我们的情感和减少恐惧。由此可推知这应该是一种途径,一种体系,故选B项。
    (4)【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的最后一句话“ may be able t develp mre successful treatments fr anxiety disrders, and als fr thse wh may be suffering frm serius stress disrder.”可知这项研究通过加深我们对如何处理恐惧以及减轻恐惧的方式的理解,从而有可能研究出治疗anxiety和stress更成功的办法。

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