2021届高考英语二轮复习之阅读理解“典型技巧”高效练典型技巧17特定句子含义的理解含解析202103052162

这是一份2021届高考英语二轮复习之阅读理解“典型技巧”高效练典型技巧17特定句子含义的理解含解析202103052162，共13页。

【真题再现】(2018·全国卷Ⅲ·D) 主题语境：积极的生活态度
Adults understand what it feels like t be flded with bjects. Why d we ften assume that mre_is_mre when it cmes t kids and their belngings? The gd news is that I can help my wn kids learn earlier than I did hw t live mre with less.
I fund the pre­hlidays a gd time t encurage yung children t dnate less­used things, and it wrked. Because f ur effrts, ur daughter Gergia did decide t dnate a large bag f tys t a little girl whse mther was unable t pay fr her hliday due t illness. She chse t sell a few larger bjects that were less ften used when we prmised t put the mney int her schl fund (基金) (ur kindergarten daughter is eq \a\vs4\al(serius abut) becming a dctr).
Fr weeks, I've been thinking f bigger, deeper questins: Hw d we make it a habit fr them? And hw d we train urselves t help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my sn, Shepherd, determined t test my wn thery n this. I decided t play with him with nly ne ty fr as lng as it wuld keep his interest. I expected that ne ty wuld eq \a\vs4\al(keep his attentin) fr abut five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chse a red rubber ball—simple, universally available. We passed it, he tried t put it in his muth, he tried buncing it, rlling it, sitting n it, thrwing it. It was ttally, cmpletely enugh fr him. Befre I knew it an hur had passed and it was time t mve n t lunch.
We bth became absrbed in the eq \a\vs4\al(simplicity) f playing tgether. He had my full attentin and I had his. My little experiment t find jy in a single bject wrked fr bth f us.
1.What d the wrds “mre is mre” in paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A. The mre, the better.B. Enugh is enugh.
C. Mre mney, mre wrries.D. Earn mre and spend mre.
2.What made Gergia agree t sell eq \a\vs4\al(sme f her bjects)？
A. Saving up fr her hliday.
B. Raising mney fr a pr girl.
C. Adding the mney t her fund.
D. Giving the mney t a sick mther.
3.Why did the authr eq \a\vs4\al(play the ball with Shepherd)？
A. T try ut an idea.B. T shw a parent's lve.
C. T train his attentin.D. T help him start a hbby.
答案与解析： 1.A 2.C 3.A
1.对比画线句后一句所提出的： live mre with less可猜出句意。
2.根据题干关键词bjects定位原文第二段最后一句可推出答案。
3.定位原文关键信息determined t test my wn thery n this，可推断出作者和孩子玩球的目的。
【技巧释义】利用上下文理解句意
1.提出观点(第1段)
本文以反例引出观点： live mre with less (可解第1题)
2.事例论证1(第2段)
鼓励孩子们捐赠闲置物品或卖掉东西将钱放入教育基金(可解第3题)
3.事例论证2(第3段)
以问题形式论证如何能让孩子们“make it a habit”(可解第3题)
4.得出结论(第4段)
综合事例1和事例2可得出结论：少即是多，简单的物品也能带来快乐
【词汇积累】
simplicity n.简单；质朴；淳朴
keep ne's attentin保持注意力
be serius abut sth.对……认真
【技巧演练】（建议用时：45分钟）
1
When I was first married t my wife, I lived and wrked in Ontari, mving frm small twn t big city as I pursued my career as a radi bradcaster. We have tw sns, bth f whm were brn in Trnt, but they mved, with us, t Ottawa when they were quite yung. They grew up there, and then, chasing their wn careers, they als mved. One went t Canada’s east cast near a city called Halifax and the ther headed t the west cast t Vancuver. We had a dilemma; we were left in the middle.
At the time I was still wrking and my jb was in Ottawa. Hwever, as we began t cnsider retirement we wndered where we shuld spend ur final years. We culdn’t be clse t bth f ur children and there was n telling when they might again relcate. Fr several reasns we settled n a small twn n Vancuver Island. At least we were clse t ne f them. Hwever, he had his sights set n Hllywd and, when an pprtunity presented itself, he left Canada and headed suth. I helped him mve.
S, there we were, and still are, in ur little west cast twn. We lve ur little crner f paradise but we have paid a price. We have nt been there fr sme imprtant events such as the births f tw f ur grandchildren. We have missed watching each f them grw up; we have missed the nrmal, nisy husehlds that have yung peple in them. Our hme, while very cmfrtable, is als very quiet.
Every fall we travel t see the children. We usually fly, first t Califrnia t see ur sn Sctt and spend a week r mre with him trying t catch up n everything we’ve missed. Then, usually in Nvember, we make the even lnger trip east acrss Canada t see Travis and ur grandchildren, wh are nw teenagers, actually int their twenties. They seldm cme t visit us. The distances are just t great and it is cstly.
Frtunately, bth ur bys are ding well and ur grandchildren are grwing up straight and tall. We lve all f them and we are secure in the knwledge that they lve us but the reality is that they dn’t need us. We have dne ur jbs and, at least in thery, we can sit back, relax and enjy the time remaining t us. They have als missed having a set f parents and grandparents arund.
Life has been gd fr ur family but we have all paid a price.
1.What des the authr mean by saying “We had a dilemma.”?
A.They were nt happy abut their sns’ absence.
B.They were unwilling t separate frm their sns.
C.They were nt yet prepared fr retirement at that time.
D.They culdn’t decide which sn t live clse t.
2.Why des the authr say they have paid a price?
A.They have lst lts f mney because f his retirement.
B.They have t give a large sum f mney t their sns.
C.They have been absent frm their children’s life.
D.They have t affrd very expensive fare t visit their sns.
3.Why d nt the authr’s grandchildren visit them regularly?
A.They are quite ccupied with their hmewrk.
B.It’s nt easy fr the kids t visit their grandparents.
C.They dn’t need their grandparents any mre.
D.The weather f winter in Canada is very awful.
4.What is the best title fr the text?
A.Grandparents’ LveB.Suffering Separatin
C.A Price t PayD.Hidden Emtins
【答案】
【分析】
本文为一篇记叙文。作者一家人忙于追求各自的事业，因此不能相互陪伴。作者认为，虽然生活很幸福，但是陪伴的缺席是一种付出的代价。
1.句意猜测题。根据第一段“One went t Canada’s east cast near a city called Halifax and the ther headed t the west cast t Vancuver. We had a dilemma; we were left in the middle.”（一个去了加拿大东海岸附近一个叫哈利法克斯的城市，另一个去了西海岸温哥华。我们进退两难；我们被夹在中间。）及第二段“We culdn’t be clse t bth f ur children and there was n telling when they might again relcate. ”（我们无法与两个孩子都近距离接触，也不知道他们什么时候会再次搬迁。）推测，作者说自己进退两难是想离孩子近一点，但又不知道选择哪一个。故选D项。
2.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“ We have nt been there fr sme imprtant events such as the births f tw f ur grandchildren. We have missed watching each f them grw up; we have missed the nrmal, nisy husehlds that have yung peple in them.”（一些重要的事情，比如我们两个孙子的出生，我们都没有去那里。我们错过了看着他们每个人成长的时光；我们怀念家里有小孩子的正常、吵闹的家庭生活。）可以推测，作者认为他们付出了代价是因为他们没有参与到孩子们的生活中。故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第四段“They seldm cme t visit us. The distances are just t great and it is cstly.”（他们很少来看我们。距离太远，成本太高。）可知，作者的孙辈不能经常来拜访他们是因为不方便，不容易。故选B项。
4.主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“We lve ur little crner f paradise but we have paid a price.”（我们都爱我们自己的小天堂，但我们已经付出了代价。）及最后一段“Life has been gd fr ur family but we have all paid a price.”（我们家的生活很好，但我们都付出了代价。）并结合全文内容可知，作者认为自己和孩子的家庭都幸福，但是缺少了相互的陪伴，因此，是一种不得不付出的代价。A Price t Pay（付出的代价）符合全文故事主旨。故选C项。
2
My family and I belnged t a cuntry club lcated acrss the street frm the Lng Island Sund. Each summer, the big attractin fr us was the pl. I learned hw t swim and jined the swimming team but was never really a gd swimmer. Hwever, swimming in my yunger days was a way t keep cl, and swimming n a team gave me identity and a sense f belnging. It als became invaluable many years later.
Fast-frward (快进) t 1973 – I was married, pregnant and had a hme. What made ur little hme even mre wnderful was when I discvered that fur blcks away was Rath Park Pl! Fr the next 30 years, mst f ur summer days were spent arund that pl.
Each f my five kids tk swimming lessns and learned all the different swimming strkes (姿势). They later jined the swim team and cmpeted in meets. My daughter even became a lifeguard at the twn pl. I sat back and happily tk it all in!
As much as I wuld have liked t have life stand still, it desn’t. My children utgrew their pl days and mved n. But the pl was still fur blcks frm my hme, s I began t take up swimming again. And it was far better than I ever culd have imagined. I gt s much ut f it that I jined the lcal pl s I culd swim year-rund. Whenever I swam, I wuld always cme ut feeling physically and mentally refreshed. I ften felt that if I lked hard enugh, I wuld be able t see all f the wrries and prblems I’ve had in life, sitting at the bttm f the pl!
What has swimming taught me? I’ve learned that balance is the key t being a gd swimmer. If yu are balanced in the water, yu have n resistance. Wrking n staying balanced made me realize the similarities between life in and ut f the swim lane (泳道). If yu wrk n keeping yurself balanced, yu will be able t swim right thrugh the stress and prblems life thrws at yu!
5.What can we learn abut the authr frm Paragraph 1?
A.Her family taught her hw t swim.
B.She swam with friends mre ften in summer.
C.Swimming brught her lifelng benefits.
D.She was elected t be the swim team captain.
6.What des the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 imply?
A.The authr lved the pl days with her kids.
B.Swimming was lsing its appeal t the authr.
C.Her kids’ winning cmpetitins made her prud.
D.The authr preferred t have a peaceful life.
7.What did the authr find after she tk up swimming again?
A.Sprts can give yu the curage t face difficulties.
B.She mastered mre swimming skills than expected.
C.It enabled her t see hw t handle prblems in life.
D.Swimming made her remember her yunger days.
8.What is the main idea f the article?
A.The wnderful pl days with the authr’s family.
B.The influence f swimming n the authr’s life.
C.The physical and mental benefits f swimming.
D.The similarities between swimming and life.
【答案】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了游泳对作者一生的影响。
5.细节理解题。从第一段“It als became invaluable many years later.”（许多年后，它也变得无价。）得知，游泳给作者带来长期的益处，文中没有提及是谁教会作者游泳，故A错误；每个夏天，作者都是和家人一起游泳，故B错误；虽然作者参加了游泳队，但没有担任队长，相反，她并不是游泳高手，所以D错误。故选C。
6.句意猜测题。上一段讲述了作者的孩子们也很热衷于游泳，可是孩子们慢慢长大后就不再游泳。这句话的意思是“尽管我很想让生活保持现状，但事实并非如此”，起到了承上启下的作用，表明了作者很享受之前和孩子们一起在泳池的日子，故选A。
7.细节理解题。从第四段的最后一句“I ften felt that if I lked hard enugh, I wuld be able t see all f the wrries and prblems I’ve had in life, sitting at the bttm f the pl!”（我常常觉得，如果我看得够仔细，坐在池底，我就能看到我生活中所有的烦恼和问题，）可知，沉入游泳池底，作者能够看到生活中所有的烦恼和问题，并且能够处理烦恼和问题。故选C。
8.主旨大意题。这篇文章中，作者讲述了随着年龄的增长，游泳给她带来的乐趣和益处，最后升华到了对生活的感悟，所以整篇文章的主旨在于游泳对作者生活的影响，故选B。
3
When the nvelist Luis Albert Urrea was 14 r 15, he tk a trip deep int Mexic. He was brn in Tijuana t a Mexican father and a white American mther befre mving just acrss the brder and eventually int the San Dieg suburbs. But his father thught he was becming “t American”, and tk him n a 27-hur jurney t Mazatlan. Alng the way, his father gave him a paperback cpy f The Gdfather and tld him it wuld change his life. “I dn’t think he was trying t make a case fr us being criminals,” Urrea says. “But he really felt this incredible cnnectin t the family and the traditins and the hnr fr the ld cuntry, as peple were making their way in the US.”
In his new nvel The Huse f Brken Angels, Urrea has written his wn take n the Gdfather stry with a Mexican-American Dn Crlene figure at its center. The stry takes place ver tw days, as Big Angel de la Cruz buries his mther and celebrates his final birthday party n earth; he knws he’s dying, and he’s gathered his extended family arund him fr a nisy and lively gdbye.
The idea was inspired by the final birthday party f Urrea’s elder brther three years ag. Everybdy was jammed in his backyard, and there was a DJ and peple dancing and cnsuming a serius amunt f American junk fd — they didn’t want Mexican fd, they wanted KFC and pizza. I thught, where are the tacs, dude? And my brther sat in his little chair in the middle f it. Peple were cming t him and kneeling, and they wuld thank him and kiss his hand r tuch his head and tell him all the ways he had changed their lives.
Urrea’s brther died f cancer within tw weeks at 74, and the heartbreaking event haunted the authr. He cnsidered writing a memir (回忆录) abut it —“I was thinking abut Truman Capte, when he did thse tiny bks abut Christmas and Thanksgiving.” But his wife encuraged him t aim bigger. When he fund himself seated next t the writer Jim Harrisn at a dinner event, he shared the stry, and Harrisn said, “Smetimes Gd hands yu a nvel. Yu have t write it.”
Urrea thught t himself, “Marching rders frm Jim Harrisn — this is gd stuff. A kid frm Tijuana desn’t get that very ften.
The Huse f Brken Angels is a celebratin f the Mexican-American family, but it als includes mments f frustratin with this cuntry’s treatment f the immigrant grup.
Befre he gt t sick t wrk, Big Angel wrked in an ffice and drank cffee frm a cup that read BOSS. “Yeah, the emplyees all gt the message,” Urrea writes. “The Mexican-American was calling himself their bss.” In a grcery stre, a wman screams at tw f his family members that they’ll be kicked ut f the cuntry sn. “I had t bite dwn n the bitterness f my rage (愤怒), man!” Urrea says. “I was having sme pretty serius respnse t Dnald Trump’s cnfusing and empty talk. But yu knw, it may have shcked a lt f the United States t hear this kind f empty talk and this bald-faced racialism f plitics all f a sudden, but t us, this stuff isn’t a surprise.”
“I really wanted t write a tribute t my brther, t my family and t us, but it’s als a lve sng t the cuntry,” Urrea says. “I think peple have this weird, hrrible view… that immigrants are evil snakes. Peple dn’t understand that immigratin is truly a statement f lve fr this cuntry, whatever the cuntry represents. Peple want t be here and wrk.” And with persistence, they becme the bss.
9.Why did Urrea’s father give him the bk The Gdfather?
A.He wanted Urrea t enjy the 27-hur jurney.
B.He thught the bk had changed his wn life.
C.He tried t shw Urrea a real case f criminals.
D.He hped Urrea wuld feel cnnected t Mexic.
10.Urrea thught f Truman Capte because ________.
A.Capte was gd at writing tiny bks
B.Capte’s bks are abut Christmas
C.he intended t write a memir
D.he liked reading Capte’s bks
11.In the sentence “A kid frm Tijuana desn’t get that very ften.” “A kid” refers t ________.
A.Jim HarrisnB.Luis Albert Urrea
C.Truman CapteD.Big Angel de la Cruz
12.The Huse f Brken Angels mainly fcuses n the nvelist’s________.
A.lve fr the Mexican-American family
B.life in the Mexican-American peple
C.mixed feelings twards American peple
D.mature reflectin n Mexican traditins
【答案】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小说家Luis Albert Urrea的小说《破碎天使之家》的灵感来源，和对墨西哥裔美国家庭的爱。
9.推理判断题。由第一段中的“He was brn in Tijuana t a Mexican father and a white American mther befre mving just acrss the brder and eventually int the San Dieg suburbs.(他出生在提华纳，父亲是墨西哥人，母亲是美国白人，后来越过边界来到圣地亚哥郊区)”和“Alng the way, his father gave him a paperback cpy f The Gdfather and tld him it wuld change his life. “I dn’t think he was trying t make a case fr us being criminals,” Urrea says. “But he really felt this incredible cnnectin t the family and the traditins and the hnr fr the ld cuntry, as peple were making their way in the US. ”(一路上，父亲给了他一本平装本《教父》，并告诉他这将改变他的生活。“我不认为他试图证明我们是罪犯，”Urrea说。“但他真的感觉到了这种与家庭、传统和对这个古老国家的荣誉的不可思议的联系，因为人们在美国大行其道。”)”可知Urrea祖籍是墨西哥，Urrea父亲给的《教父》让作者感到了与墨西哥的联系，说明父亲给书是希望Urrea能感受到与墨西哥的联系。故选D项。
10.细节理解题。由第四段中的“He cnsidered writing a memir (回忆录) abut it —“I was thinking abut Truman Capte, when he did thse tiny bks abut Christmas and Thanksgiving.”(他考虑过写一本回忆录，“当他写关于圣诞节和感恩节的小册子时，我在想杜鲁门·卡波特。”)”可知Urrea想到了Truman Capte，因为那时他打算写一本回忆录。故选C项。
11.词句猜测题。由第一段中的“When the nvelist Luis Albert Urrea was 14 r 15, he tk a trip deep int Mexic. He was brn in Tijuana t a Mexican father and a white American mther befre mving just acrss the brder and eventually int the San Dieg suburbs.(当小说家Luis Albert Urrea 14或15岁时，他去了墨西哥的深处。他出生在提华纳，父亲是墨西哥人，母亲是美国白人，后来越过边界来到圣地亚哥郊区)”和第五段中的“A kid frm Tijuana desn’t get that very ften.(提华纳的孩子不常从那里得到)”可知，Luis Albert Urrea出生在提华纳，A kid代指Luis Albert Urrea。故选B项。
12.推理判断题。由倒数第三段“The Huse f Brken Angels is a celebratin f the Mexican-American family, but it als includes mments f frustratin with this cuntry's treatment f the immigrant grup.(《破碎天使之家》是对墨西哥裔美国人家庭的颂扬，但它也包含了对这个国家对待移民群体的失望时刻)”和最后一段中的““I really wanted t write a tribute t my brther, t my family and t us, but it’s als a lve sng t the cuntry,” Urrea says.(“我真的很想为我的兄弟，我的家人和我们写一首颂歌，但这也是一首献给国家的情歌，”Urrea说。)”可知，Urrea在《破碎天使之家》写了对墨西哥裔美国人家庭的颂扬，也有失望的时刻，这是对墨西哥裔美国人家庭的颂歌，也是情歌，说明《破碎天使之家》主要聚焦于小说家对墨西哥裔美国人家庭的爱。故选A项。
4
There is a lt f lsing in sprts. Only ne team can win at a time, and nly ne champin escapes the seasn withut tears. But that desn’t stp Americans frm spending nearly $56 billin a year n sprting events. Is fandm(运动迷) wrth it?
At first glance, the evidence isn’t encuraging. Fllwing a lss, fans are mre likely than usual t eat unhealthy fd, be unprductive at wrk, and –in the case f the Super Bwl-die frm heart disease. What abut fans f the winning team? Well, they are mre likely than ther fans t suffer a pstgame traffic fatality(死亡) if the scre is clse.
Rival(竞争的) fans’treatment f ne anther is hardly mre encuraging. A recent study fund that fans experienced greater pleasure when watching a rival team fail. Fans in anther study reprted schadenfreude, a feeling f satisfactin, when reading abut the injury f a rival team’s player, and gluckschmerz r unhappiness when later reading abut the player’s unexpectedly speedy recvery.
Yet a great deal f research shws that being a fan can als have psitive effects. It can prevent depressin and build a sense f belnging and self-wrth---in case that the bject f ne’s devtin is a lcal team. Much f this is due t scial bnds amng fans, but nt all--- sprts wrship als prvides fans with a number f skills at dealing with life’s emtinal challenges. A landmark 1976 study fund that after a win,fans were mre likely than usual t wear clthes cnnected with the winning teams, and t claim credit fr the team’s success by describing the team as “we” instead f “they” in cnversatin.
Alng with schadenfreude and gluckschmerz, being a fan seems mre than anything else t be a matter f managing respnses t things that cannt cntrl. Sprts fans tend t respnd t reminders f death with ptimism, and t remember victries much mre clearly than defeats.
13.Which f the fllwing statement is especially true as fr the winning side’s fans?
A.They might die frm heart disease.
B.They tend t live an unhealthy life.
C.They can have gd wrk efficiency.
D.They might have a traffic accident.
14.What des the underlined sentence mean in paragraph 3?
A.Rival fans usually hld bad r even extreme attitude t each ther.
B.Rival fans ften fight with each ther.
C.Fans can face their rival team bravely.
D.Fans never lse heart when facing their rival team.
15.What did the 1976 study shw?
A.Being a fan culd shw great devtin t study.
B.Being a fan culd create a sense f belnging.
C.Being a fan culd develp a spirit f ptimism.
D.Being a fan culd test scial bnds.
16.What is the best title fr the text?
A.Hw t be a fan
B.What it’s like t be fan
C.Being a fan can be gd fr yu
D.A fan’s emtinal challenges
【答案】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了美国的“运动迷”现象，以及成为“运动迷”对粉丝们自身的好处。
13.细节理解题。由文章的第二段倒数第二行“Well, they are mre likely than ther fans t suffer a pstgame traffic fatality ” (他们比其他球迷更有可能遭遇赛后交通事故)得知，D “比起其他的球迷他们更可能会发生赛后交通事故”为正确选项。A. 他们可能死于心脏病。B. 他们倾向于过不健康的生活。A, B都是失败一方会发生的事情。(由第二段第二句可知)。C. 他们在工作上表现得更好，文中没有提及，故选D。
14.词句猜测题。本题问划线句子的意思，从后面 “A recent study fund that fans experienced greater pleasure when watching a rival team fail. Fans in anther study reprted schadenfreude, a feeling f satisfactin, when reading abut the injury f a rival team’s player, and gluckschmerz r unhappiness when later reading abut the player’s unexpectedly speedy recvery.” (最近的一项研究发现，球迷在观看对手的失败时会感受到更大的快乐。在另一项研究中，球迷们报告说，当看到对手球员受伤时，他们会感到幸灾乐祸，当看到对手球员意外迅速康复时，他们会感到不快。)可知，对手球迷通常对彼此持有恶劣甚至极端的态度。故选A。
15.推理判断题。文章第四段 “A landmark 1976 study fund that after a win, fans were mre likely than usual t wear clthes cnnected t the winning team, and t claim credit fr the team’s success by describing the team as “we” instead f “they” in cnversatin…” (1976年一项具有里程碑意义的研究发现，粉丝们更可能穿获胜队的衣服，在和别人对话描述团队的成绩时用“我们” 而不是 “他们”，说明他们团队中找到了归属感，故选B。
16.主旨大意题。由文章第一段最后一句 “Is fandm(运动迷) wrth it?” (成为一个运动迷是否值得？) 文中接着描述了球迷们的心态。根据倒数第二段“Yet a great deal f research shws that being a fan can als have psitive effects. It can prevent depressin and build a sense f belnging and self-wrth”然而，大量研究表明，成为粉丝也会产生积极的影响。它可以防止抑郁，建立归属感和自我价值感。根据最后一段“Sprts fans tend t respnd t reminders f death with ptimism, and t remember victries much mre clearly than defeats.”体育迷们对死亡的回忆往往是乐观的，对胜利的记忆比失败的记忆要清楚得多。所以短文的最佳标题为“当粉丝对你有好处”。故选C。
考情分析
记叙文、说明文或议论文常涉及积极的生活态度类主题，做题时应理顺文章各段落之间的逻辑关系，遇长难句时，应尝试划分句子结构与成分。如涉及句意理解题，不能凭“一知半解”臆断句意，应利用上下文语境揣摩。
考查角度
常考细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题、词义猜测题或句意理解题等。