备战2021届高考英语二轮专题复习爱尚阅读话题篇专题04降与饮食含解析202103052166

这是一份备战2021届高考英语二轮专题复习爱尚阅读话题篇专题04降与饮食含解析202103052166，共17页。
My painful small decisin
“Sn, yu’re ging t have t mve ut!” cried my neighbr upn seeing the largest tmat plant knwn t mankind, r at least knwn in my neighbrhd.
One tiny 9-inch plant, bught fr $1.25 in the spring, has already taken ver much f my rse bed, cvering much f ther plants, and is well n its way t the frnt dr.
Rses require a gd deal f care, and if it weren’t fr the pleasure they give, it wuldn’t be wrth the wrk. As it is, I have a garden full f sweet-smelling rses fr mst f the year. bushes must be pruned in early spring, leaving ugly wdy branches until the new grwth appears a few weeks later. It was the space available in the garden that led me int planting just ne little tmat plant. A big mistake.
Sil cnditins made just perfect fr rses turn ut t be even mre perfect fr tmates. The daily watering cupled with full sun and regular fertilizing have turned the little plant int a tall bush. The cage I placed arund it as the plant grew has lng since disappeared under the thick leaves.
Nw the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twfld; First, I have t find the red nes amng the leaves, which means I almst have t stand n my head, and nce fund I have t reach dwn and under, pick the tmates and withdraw(缩回) my full fist withut drpping the prize s dearly wn. I fund tw full-blwn white rses cmpletely hidden as I picked tmates in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellw fr lack f light.
Here I am faced with a painful small decisin: T tear up a wnderful and prductive tmat plant that ffers up between ten and twenty ripe sweet tmates each day r say gdbye t several expensive and treasured rses. Like Scarlett in Gne With the Wind, I’ll think abut that tmrrw.
我的痛苦的小决定
“很快，你就得搬出去了！“我的邻居看到人类已知的最大的西红柿植物，或者至少在我的邻居那里知道的最大的西红柿时叫道。
春天花了1.25美元买了一棵9英寸的小植物，它已经占据了我的大部分玫瑰花床，覆盖了其他许多植物，而且正在通往前门的路上。
玫瑰需要很好的呵护，如果不是因为它们给人带来的快乐，它就不值得付出代价。事实上，我有一个花园，一年中大部分时间都是芳香的玫瑰。灌木必须在早春修剪，留下难看的木本树枝，直到几周后新的生长出现。正是花园里的空地让我只种了一株小番茄。一个大错误。
适合玫瑰生长的土壤条件对西红柿来说更加完美。每天浇水加上充足的阳光和定期施肥，使这棵小植物长成了一棵高大的灌木。当植物生长的时候，我放在它周围的笼子早已在厚厚的叶子下消失了。
现在，我收获果实的任务有两个：首先，我必须在树叶中找到红色的，这意味着我几乎要站在我的头上，一旦发现我必须伸手到下，摘下西红柿，收回我的全部拳头，而不落下如此珍贵的奖品。我在六月采摘西红柿时发现两朵盛开的白玫瑰完全藏起来了，但是它们很弱，叶子已经因为缺少光线而变黄了。
在这里，我面临着一个痛苦的小决定：撕掉一株每天提供10到20个成熟甜番茄的美妙而多产的番茄，或者告别几朵昂贵而珍贵的玫瑰。就像《乱世佳人》里的斯佳丽一样，我明天再考虑这个问题。
注解：
1.prune [pru:n] vt.修剪，修整；删除，削减
2.fertilize [ˈfə:tilaiz] vt.使肥沃；使多产
3.withdraw [wiðˈdrɔ:] vt.收回，撤消，撤退 vi.缩回，退出，撤退
4.prductive [prəˈdʌktiv] a.多产的，富饶的；富有成效的
语法点拨：
1.Rses require a gd deal f care, and if it weren’t fr the pleasure they give, it wuldn’t be
wrth the wrk.
【归纳】if it weren’t fr 表示“要不是因为…”, 其主句时态为…wuld d. 如果是对过去的虚拟则用if it hadn’t been fr…,其主句时态通常为wuld have dne. 两种用法均相当于but fr.如： If it hadn’t been fr his help, we wuld have lst the game.要不是因为他的帮忙，我们就输掉了这场比赛。
2. It was the space available in the garden that led me int planting just ne little tmat plant.
【归纳】此句中 it was…that…为强调句型，其强调对象为 the space available in the garden.又如： It was in the garden that he fund his lst MP4.他是在花园里找到丢失的MP4的.
【美文阅读2】
导读：你见过蓝色和绿色的蜂蜜吗？这些奇怪颜色的蜂蜜是怎么来的呢？
The clrful hney
Blue and green hney may lk cl, but beekeepers in nrtheastern France are nt happy abut their strange-lking new prduct.
Over the past few mnths, beekeepers in Ribeauvillé, a twn lcated in the Alsace regin, have nticed that bees there have been making hney in many strange clrs. Bees have been returning t apiaries with different clrs cating their bdies. The clrs then = 1 \* GB3 ①end up plluting the hney.
A recent research shwed that a nearby M&M’s factry is behind the change in clr. Waste frm the factry has been expsing the bees t a number f chemicals. Sme f the chemicals are used in the uter shells f the candies, which cme in many bright clrs.
The lcal beekeepers d nt knw if the plluted hney is dangerus t eat, but they are nt taking any chances. They are = 2 \* GB3 ②thrwing away the candy-clred hney, which means a big lss t lcal businesses.
“Fr me, it’s nt hney,” Alain Frieh, leader f the twn’s beekeepers unin, tells the Reuters news agency. “It’s nt sellable.”
The hney industry in this part f France has been suffering this year. Accrding t Frieh, many bees died last winter r were unable t make hney because f the bad weather. This new prblem f clred hney is hurting the beekeepers’ way f life even mre.
The regin = 3 \* GB3 ③is hme t abut 2,400 beekeepers and 35,000 clnies f bees, accrding t Alsace’s chamber f agriculture. = 4 \* GB3 ④The beekeepers harvest apprximately 1,000 tns f hney each year, making the prduct a big part f the regin’s ecnmy.
Agrivalr is the cmpany that prcesses the M&M's factry's waste. Accrding t c-manager Philippe Meinrad, the cmpany has been = 5 \* GB3 ⑤attempting t stp the pllutin.
“We discvered the prblem = 6 \* GB3 ⑥at the same time they did,” Meinrad tells Reuters. “We quickly put in place a prcedure t stp it.”
彩色的蜂蜜
蓝色和绿色的蜂蜜可能看起来很酷，但法国东北部的养蜂人却不喜欢这种看起来怪异的产品。
在过去的几个月中，位于阿尔萨斯地区的维列小镇上的养蜂人注意到那里的蜜蜂酿出了许多奇怪颜色的蜂蜜。蜜蜂身上带着不同的颜色返回养蜂场。那些颜色最终染到了蜂蜜中。
一项最新研究发现附近的一家M&M’s工厂是造成蜂蜜改变颜色的根源。那家工厂排放出来的废物使蜜蜂受到那些化学物的影响。其中的一些化学物用于糖果的外包装，那是许多鲜艳的颜色的根源。
当地养蜂者不知道吃那些被染色的蜂蜜是否有危险，但他们没有冒险。他们把那些糖果色的蜂蜜扔掉了，这对他们造成了很大损失。
Alain Frieh是当地养蜂协会的一位领导人，告诉路透新闻社说：“对于我来说，这不是蜂蜜，不能出售。”
今年以来，法国这部分地区的蜂蜜行业一直遭受着被染色的侵扰。据Frieh说，由于恶劣的天气，去年冬天许多蜜蜂死亡或者不能酿蜜。而现在的染色蜂蜜问题更加严重影响了养蜂者的生产。
根据阿尔萨斯农业委员会，该地区是大约2,400养蜂户的基地，那里有35,000个蜂群。每年养蜂户们收获近乎1,000吨蜂蜜，这使得蜂蜜成为该地区经济的重要产业。
Agrivalr是处理M&M’s工厂废物的企业。根据合作经营者Philippe Meinrad，该公司一直在努力阻止污染。
Meinrad告诉路透社，“在他们发现的同时，我们也发现了该问题。我们很快地采取了措施来防止污染。”
重点单词:
1. apiary ['eɪpɪərɪ] n. 蜂房；养蜂场
2. sellable ['seləbl] adj. 适于销售的
3. chamber ['tʃeɪmbə] n.（身体或器官内的）室，膛；房间；会所
4. prcedure [prə'siːdʒə] n. 程序，手续；步骤
重点短语 / 亮点句式：
1. end up 结束；最终成为。如：
Hw des the stry end up?
这个故事是怎么结尾的?
Be careful, yu culd end up by getting hurt.
当心, 你可能最终会伤到自己的.
2. thrw away 扔掉；浪费。如：
Hw much fd d we thrw away int the garbage each year?
每年我们当垃圾扔掉的食物有多少?
Fires are ften caused by cigarette ends which peple carelessly thrw away.
火灾经常是由人们不小心扔掉的烟蒂引起的。
3. be hme t 是……的所在地；……的发源地。如：
The Chesapeake used t be hme t wild ysters, but 99 percent f them are gne.
切萨皮克曾经是野生牡蛎的家园，但是现在99%的牡蛎都不会再生活在这里了。
4. The beekeepers harvest apprximately 1,000 tns f hney each year, making the prduct a big part f the regin’s ecnmy.
每年养蜂户们收获近乎1,000吨蜂蜜，这使得蜂蜜成为该地区经济的重要产业。
making the prduct a big part f the regin’s ecnmy为现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，且该部分为“make+宾语(the prduct)+宾语补足语(a big part f the regin’s ecnmy)结构”。如：
He cut ff the electricity quickly, preventing an accident.
他迅速切断了电源，防止了一起意外事故。
His parents died, making him an rphan.
父亲去世了，使他成为孤儿。
5. attempt t 尝试；企图。如：
I wuld be the last t attempt t answer the questin.
我是最不可能去尝试回答这个问题。
She will attempt t beat the wrld recrd.
她决心要打破世界纪录。
6. at the same time 同时。如：
By cincidence, we arrived here at the same time.
Yu've gt t be firm, but at the same time yu must be sympathetic.
你态度要强硬，但还必须有同情心。
名句背诵：
If yu wish t succeed, yu shuld use persistence as yur gd friend, experience as yur reference, prudence as yur brther and hpe as yur sentry. (Thmas Edisn)
如果你希望成功，当以恒心为良友，以经验为参谋，以谨慎为兄弟，以希望为哨兵。（美国发明家爱迪生）

【话题解读】
＂饮食与健康＂是高中英语新课标话题当中非常重要的两个话题，饮食与健康自古以来都是人们所关心的重大问题，尤其是随着社会进步和人们物质生活水平的提高，食物质量和安全问题以及身体健康更是受到了人们空前的关注，因此顺应时代潮流，高考英语对这两个话题更是有所体现。
由于饮食与健康是热点话题，高考英语中对这两个话题会涉及较多的考查内容，常以阅读理解、完形填空、语法填空以及书面表达的形式出现，例如2017年新课标卷I语言知识运用的第二节（语法填空），2016年四川卷阅读理解D篇，2016年全国卷Ⅲ七选五，2015年广东卷基础写作，2015课标全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解B篇，2013新课标全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解C篇等。
话题单词
第1组
1.allergic adj. 过敏的
2.appetite n. 食欲；胃口
3.balance n. 平衡
4.benefit n. 利益 v. 受益
5.bleed vi. 出血；流血
6.cafeteria n. 自助餐厅
7.candy n. 糖果
8.canteen n. 餐厅；食堂
9.cmfrtable adj. 舒服的；安逸的
10.cure n．& vt. 治疗；治愈
11.delicius adj. 美味的；可口的
12.desperate adj. 绝望的；拼命的
13.diet n. 日常饮食 vi. 节食
14.disease n. 疾病
第2组
1.dizzy adj. 头晕目眩的
2.energy n. 精力；活力
3.harm n．& v. 伤害；损伤
harmful adj. 有害的；致伤的
harmless adj. 无害的；不致伤的
4.health n. 健康；卫生
healthy adj. 健康的；健壮的
unhealthy adj. 不健康的；不卫生的
5.injure vt. 伤害；损害
6.necessary adj. 必需的；必要的
7.nutritin n. 营养；滋养
8.perate v. 做手术；运转；实施；经营；管理
peratin n. 手术；操作
9.verweight adj. 太胖的；超重的
10.painful adj. 痛苦的
11.patient n. 病人
12.physician n. 内科医生
13.pisn n. 毒药
14.randm adj. 随意的；未经事先考虑的
15.range v. 变化；变动；排序
第3组
1.recipe n. 烹饪法；食谱
2.recver vi. 痊愈；恢复
3.reduce vt. 减少；缩减
4.relief n. 轻松；解脱；缓和；救济
5.reservatin n. 预订
6.serve vt. 招待(顾客等)；服务
service n. 服务
7.snack n. 小吃
8.stmach n. 胃；胃部
stmachache n. 胃疼
9.strength n. 强项；长处；力量
10.supply vt.& n. 供给；供应
11.symptm n. 症状
12.taste n. 品尝；味道 vt. 品尝；尝味
tasteless adj. 无滋味的
tasty adj. 味道好的
13.virus n. 病毒
14.vitamin n. 维生素
话题短语
第1组
1.acquire a gd habit 养成好习惯
2.be gd/bad fr 对……有益/有害
3.be high/lw in 含……高/低
4.be in gd health 身体健康
5.be n a diet 节食
6.be rich/abundant in 富含
7.be sick f ... 对……厌倦
8.be wrried abut 对……担心/焦虑
第2组
1.break dwn (身体)垮掉；(精神)崩溃；(机器或车辆)出毛病
2.build up ne's bdy 增强某人的体质
3.cure sb. f ... 治愈某人……
4.die frm 由于……而死
5.get verweight 变得肥胖
6.have a pain in 某处疼痛
7.keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食
8.keep fit 保持健康
9.lse weight 减肥
第3组
1.perate n sb. 给某人做手术
2.perfrm an peratin n sb. 给某人动手术
3.physical examinatin 体检
4.put n weight 增加体重
5.recver frm 从……中恢复
6.send fr a dctr 派人去请医生
7.suffer frm 遭受；患上
8.take exercise 进行运动；锻炼
9.wrk ut 解决；锻炼
话题佳句
1．Sme f us think that Senir 3 students shuld take exercise after schl because they're cnvinced that prgress r success depends n gd health, while the thers hld quite different views.
我们中一些人认为高三学生课余时间应该参加体育锻炼，因为他们坚信进步与成功依赖于健康的体魄；而另一些人持不同意见。
2．A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy bth physically and mentally.
均衡的饮食和有规律的锻炼能帮助我们保持身心健康。
3．Nt nly des exercise imprve ur health but als makes us cheerful and raises ur learning efficiency.
锻炼不仅能改善我们的健康状况，而且使我们精神愉悦并提高学习效率。
4．As far as I'm cncerned, we shuld develp a healthy eating habit t build up ur strength. Only in this way can we have enugh energy t study.
我认为，为了增强体质，我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。只有这样我们才能有足够的精力学习。
5．Accrding t a survey, mre than half f Chinese students are shrt­sighted, ranking first in the wrld.
根据一项调查，中国学生半数以上患有近视，位居世界第一。
6．The majrity f peple take in t much fat and nt enugh fiber, which des great harm t their health.
大多数人摄入太多的脂肪，纤维不够，这对他们的健康很有害。
7．The dctr advised that we shuld have a balanced diet and get int the gd habit f getting up early.
医生建议我们应该均衡饮食并养成早起的好习惯。
8．In fact, we have t admit the fact that the quality f life is as imprtant as life itself.
事实上，我们必须承认，生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。
9．Nthing is mre precius than yu keep fit.
再也没有什么比你保持健康更珍贵的了。
10．We can't emphasize the imprtance f prtecting ur eyes t much.
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

I．阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Scientists have learned a lt abut the kinds f fd peple need. They say that there are several kinds f fd that peple shuld eat every day, they are: (1)green and yellw vegetables f all kinds; (2)citrus(柑桔)fruits and tmates; (3)ptates and ther fruits and vegetables; (4)meat f all kinds, fish and eggs; (5)milk and fds made frm milk; (6)bread r cereal(谷类), rice is als in this kind f fd; (7)butter, r smething like butter.
Peple in different cuntries and different places f the wrld eat different kinds f things. Fds are cked and eaten in many different kinds f ways. Peple in different cuntries eat at different times f the day. In sme places peple eat nce r twice a day; in ther cuntries peple eat three r fur times a day. Scientists say that nne f the differences is really imprtant. It desn’t matter whether fds are eaten raw r cked, canned(罐装的)r frzen(冷冻的). It desn’t matter if a persn eats dinner at 4 ’clck in the afternn r at eleven ’clck at night. The imprtant thing is what yu eat every day.
There are tw prblems, then, in feeding the large number f peple n the earth. The first is t find sme ways t feed the wrld’s ppulatin s that n ne is hungry. The secnd is t make sure that peple everywhere have the right kinds f fd t make them grw t be strng and healthy.
1.Accrding t the scientists, which f the fllwing is the healthiest fr yur lunch?
A.Chicken, apples, cereal and cabbages.B.Ptates, carrts, rice and bread.
C.Oranges, bananas, fish and tmates.D.Beef, prk, fish and milk,
2.Peple in different cuntries and different places f the wrld_________.
A.have the right kinds f fd t eatB.ck their fd in the same way
C.have their meals at the same timeD.eat fd in different ways
3.Which f the fllwing is nt true?
A.Peple in sme places dn’t have enugh t eat.
B.There are t many peple in the wrld.
C.One f the prblems is that n ne is hungry.
D.The scientists are trying t make peple grw t be strng and healthy.
4.If there is Paragraph 4, what d yu think is ging t be talked abut?
A.What t d with the tw prblems.B.When peple eat their lunch.
C.Hw t ck fd in different ways.D.Why peple eat different kinds f fd.
B
Technically, many f the healthy fds we eat are prcessed, but nt in the way yu might think. Fr example, if yu have a Masn jar full f rganic dried beans, yu have prcessed fd in yur fridge. Frzen vegetables are prcessed, even if yu picked the vegetables frm yur garden, blanched (焯水) them and put them the fridge. The mment yu blanched them, yu prcessed them. When we say we shuldn’t eat prcessed fds, what we really mean is ultra-prcessed fds.
What are ultra-prcessed fds? If I made flatbread at hme, I wuld make it with materials like flur, yeast, milk, butter and salt. I keep whle-grain flatbread in my freezer because it deterirates quickly. Healthy meals fr sure. But I nrmally buy them frm the grcery stre, and while the brand I buy cntains almst the same materials as a hmemade versin, it als includes the dextrse, type f sugar, and sme ther additives (添加剂). Then it can be called an ultra-prcessed ne.
If we ate ultra-prcessed fds nly ccasinally, it wuldn’t be as big f a prblem. Hwever, researchers indicated that almst 58% f the calries Americans cnsume are frm ultra-prcessed fds. A study fund peple wh increased their daily intake f ultra-prcessed fd by 10% increased their risk f develping verall cancer by 12% and breast cancer by 11%.
While the study didn’t identify the exact reasn why ultra-prcessed fds cause a higher risk f cancer, researchers did have several theries. One thery is that the fds cntain high levels f salt, sugar and fat. Thse materials have been linked t verweight, which can als lead t a greater risk f cancer. A secnd thery is that sme ultra-prcessed fds cntain certain additives that lead t cancers. Als anther thery is high temperatures used t prcess the fd can create newly frmed pllutant. Finally, bpa (Bisphenl A) is cmmnly used in fd packaging and can leak int the fd.
While further studies are needed t knw the exact reasns why ultra-prcessed fds can have such an impact n health, it’s safe t say that the cnsequences f eating them utweigh the benefits.
5.Which f the fllwing is an ultra-prcessed fd?
A.Flatbread frm stres.B.Frzen vegetables.
C.Organic dried beansD.Hmemade flatbread.
6.What des the underlined wrd “deterirates” in paragraph 2 mean?
A.Runs ut.B.Breaks ut.C.Ges bad.D.Gets rund.
7.What can we learn frm paragraph 4?
A.All the additives in the fd can cause deadly diseases.
B.Fd package will nt be a cnstant matter f cncern fr us.
C.Reasns fr cancers caused by ultra-prcessed fds are definite.
D.T much sugar, salt and fat cntribute t verweight, and even cancers.
8.What is the authr’s attitude t the ultra-prcessed fd?
A.Supprtive.B.Cautius.C.Disapprving.D.Uncncerned.
C
The latest diet trend in America is als an ancient human activity. The activity is fasting, r nt eating fd fr a set amunt f time.
Scial media apps and Facebk grups are appearing fr peple wh d “intermittent fasting,” r fasting n a part-time basis. Like ther diets, intermittent fasting helps yu lse weight by setting limits n eating. But instead f limiting what yu eat, it limits when yu eat.
Melissa Breaux Bankstn is a Crssfit instructr in New Orleans, Luisiana. She tried intermittent fasting as a way t reduce her snacking. “I wanted t limit the amunt f time that I was eating,” she said.
Hwever, fr nw, limited research suggests it may nt be any better fr weight lss than reducing calrie intake ver the lng term.
“It’s really anther way f fling yur bdy int eating less calries,” said Krista Varady, wh studies intermittent fasting at the University f Illinis at Chicag.
Curtney Petersn, f the University f Alabama at Birmingham, als studies intermittent fasting. She suggested the benefits f intermittent fasting are nt as great as sme might suggest. “Unfrtunately, intermittent fasting gets a little hyped,” she said.
Sme health experts say intermittent fasting might be t difficult fr many peple. They pint t a study f 100 peple where thse placed in a fasting grup lst abut the same amunt f weight as thse n diets that restricted calries. The fasting grup had a drput rate f 38 percent, cmpared with 29 percent fr the calric-restrictin diet grup.
But intermittent fasting may be easier fr peple wh already skip meals when they are t busy, said Varady. Peple interested in intermittent fasting shuld talk t their dctr befre trying it. Health experts d nt recmmend intermittent fasting fr children, peple n sme medicatins and peple with a histry f eating disrders.
9.What d intermittent fasting and ther diets have in cmmn?
A.They limit what yu eat.B.They limit when yu eat.
C.They help peple lse weightD.They are n a part-time basis.
10.What des the underlined wrd “hyped” in paragraph 6 mean?
A.Ignred.B.Overstated.C.Welcmed.D.Rejected.
11.Which statement is right accrding t the passage?
A.Intermittent fasting is very effective.
B.Intermittent fasting is difficult fr all peple.
C.Peple can try intermittent fasting as they like.
D.All peple are nt advised t d intermittent fasting.
D
LONDON (Reuters) – Organic fruit, delivered right t the drstep. That is what Gabriel Gld prefers, and he is willing t pay fr it. If this is nt pssible, the 26-year-ld cmputer technician will spend the extra mney at the supermarket buying rganic fd.
“Organic prduct is always better,” Gld said. “The fd is free f pesticides(杀虫剂), and yu are generally supprting family farms instead f large farms. And mre ften than nt it is lcally grwn and seasnal, s it is tasty.” Gld is ne f the grwing number f shppers buying int the rganic trend, and supermarkets acrss Britain are depending n mre like him as they grw their rganic fd business. But hw many shppers really knw what they are getting, and why are they willing t pay a higher price fr rganic prduct? Market research shws that Gld and thers wh buy rganic fd can generally give clear reasns fr their preferences— but their knwledge f rganic fd is far frm cmplete. Fr example, small amunts f pesticides can be used n rganic prduct. And abut three quarters f rganic fd in Britain is nt lcal but imprted t meet grwing demand.” The demand fr rganic fd is increasing by abut ne third every year, s it is a very fast-grwing market,” said Sue Flck, a specialist in this line f business.
12.Mre and mre peple in Britain are buying rganic fd because__________.
A.they are getting richer.
B.they can get the fd anywhere.
C.they cnsider the fd free f pllutin.
D.they like hme-grwn fruit.
13.Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE abut mst rganic prduct sld in Britain?
A.It grws indrs thrughut the year.
B.It is prduced utside Britain.
C.It is grwn n family farms.
D.It is prduced n large farms.
14.What is the meaning f the underlined wrds “the rganic trend” in the secnd paragraph?
A.Grwing interest in rganic fd.
B.Better quality f rganic fd
C.Rising market fr rganic fd.
D.Higher prices f rganic fd.
15.What is the best title fr this news stry?
A.Gd qualities f rganic fd.
B.The making f rganic fd in Britain.
C.Organic fd— t imprt r nt?
D.Organic fd—healthy, r just fr the wealthy?
A
【答案】1.A 2.D 3.C 4.A
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕饮食为话题，讲述了科学家提出的人们每天必须的7类食品，而世界上不同国家和不同地方的人吃不同种类的东西，食物的烹饪和食用方式有很多种，同时提出了在饮食方面面临的需要解决的问题。
1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“They say that there are several kinds f fd that peple shuld eat every day, they are:(1)green and yellw vegetables f all kinds;(2)citrus fruits and tmates;(3)ptates and ther fruits and vegetables;(4)meat f all kinds, fish and eggs;(5)milk and fds made frm milk;(6)bread r cereal, rice is als in this kind f fd;(7)butter, r smething like butter.”可知，有几种人们每天应该吃的食物，它们是：（1）各种各样的绿色和黄色蔬菜；（2）柑橘类水果和番茄；（3）土豆和其他水果和蔬菜；（4）各种各样的肉，鱼和鸡蛋；（5）牛奶和食物牛奶制成；（6）面包或谷物，大米；（7）黄油，或者类似的黄油。选项A“Chicken, apples, cereal and cabbages.”提到的食物为“鸡肉、苹果、麦片和卷心菜”包含在内。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Peple in different cuntries and different places f the wrld eat different kinds f things. Fds are cked and eaten in many different kinds f ways.”可知，世界上不同国家和不同地方的人吃不同种类的东西，食物的烹饪和食用方式有很多种。故选D项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容“There are tw prblems, then, in feeding the large number f peple n the earth. The first is t find sme ways t feed the wrld’s ppulatin s that n ne is hungry.”可知，要养活地球上这么多的人需要解决的第一个问题是找到一些方法来养活世界人口，这样就没有人挨饿了。由此可知，还是有人挨饿的。因此选项C“One f the prblems is that n ne is hungry.(其中一个问题是没有人挨饿。)”表述错误。故选C项。
4.推理判断题。根据文章第三段中心主旨句“There are tw prblems, then, in feeding the large number f peple n the earth.”可知，第三段提及了要养活地球上这么多的人就有两个需要解决的问题。由此推知，第四段应是谈论如何解决这两个问题。故选A项。
B
【答案】5.A 6.C 7.D 8.C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是超加工食品，以及研究人员指出，美国人摄入的卡路里中有近58%来自于超加工食品。一项研究发现，每天摄入超加工食品10%的人患癌症的风险会增加12%，患乳腺癌的风险会增加11%。同时分析了过度加工食品导致癌症风险升高的确切原因，建议人们不要吃太多超加工食品。
5.细节理解题。根据第二段What are ultra-prcessed fds? If I made flatbread at hme, I wuld make it with materials like flur, yeast, milk, butter and salt. I keep whle-grain flatbread in my freezer because it deterirates quickly. Healthy meals fr sure. But I nrmally buy them frm the grcery stre, and while the brand I buy cntains almst the same materials as a hmemade versin, it als includes the dextrse, type f sugar, and sme ther additives (添加剂). Then it can be called an ultra-prcessed ne.可知什么是超加工食品？如果我在家里做面饼，我会用面粉、酵母、牛奶、黄油和盐来做。我把全麦面包放在冰箱里，因为它会很快变质。这当然是健康的饮食。但我通常是从杂货店买的，虽然我买的牌子和自制的几乎含有相同的材料，但它也含有葡萄糖、糖和一些其他添加剂。这样就可以称为超加工。由此可知，A选项“商店里的面包”属于超加工食品。故选A。
6.词义猜测题。根据划线词上文I keep whle-grain flatbread in my freezer because it可知作者把全麦面包放在冰箱里，因为面包很容易变质，需要冰箱来保存更长时间。由此可知，划线词意思为“变质”。A. Runs ut.耗尽；B. Breaks ut.爆发；C. Ges bad.变质；D. Gets rund.到处走走。故选C。
7.细节理解题。根据第四段中One thery is that the fds cntain high levels f salt, sugar and fat. Thse materials have been linked t verweight, which can als lead t a greater risk f cancer.可知一种理论认为，这些食物含有高水平的盐、糖和脂肪。这些物质与超重有关，超重也会导致患癌症的更大风险。由此可知，过多的糖、盐和脂肪会导致超重，甚至癌症。故选D。
8.推理判断题。根据最后一段While further studies are needed t knw the exact reasns why ultra-prcessed fds can have such an impact n health, it’s safe t say that the cnsequences f eating them utweigh the benefits.可知虽然还需要进一步的研究来了解为什么超加工食品会对健康产生如此大的影响，但可以肯定地说，吃这些食品的后果大于其好处。由此可推知，作者对于超加工食品持不支持的态度。故选C。
C
【答案】9.C 10.B 11.D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国的新饮食趋势——间歇性禁食。
9.细节理解题。根据第二段Like ther diets, intermittent fasting helps yu lse weight by setting limits n eating. 可知，与其他节食方法一样，间歇性禁食通过限制饮食来帮助你减重。故选C。
10.词义猜测题。根据划线单词前一句She suggested the benefits f intermittent fasting are nt as great as sme might suggest.可知，她表明间歇性禁食的好处并不像有些人建议的那么大。再结合划线单词所在句Unfrtunately, intermittent fasting gets a little hyped,可知，因为间歇性禁食的好处并不像有些人建议的那么大，由此可知划线单词 “hyped”的意思是“夸大陈述”。故选B。
11.细节理解题。根据第6段She suggested the benefits f intermittent fasting are nt as great as sme might suggest.（她表明间歇性禁食的好处并不像有些人建议的那么大）可知，选项A的描述错误；根据倒数第二段Sme health experts say intermittent fasting might be t difficult fr many peple. （一些健康专家说，间歇性禁食对很多人来说可能太难了。）可知，选项B的描述错误；根据最后一段Peple interested in intermittent fasting shuld talk t their dctr befre trying it.（对间歇性禁食感兴趣的人在尝试之前应该和他们的医生谈谈。）可知，选项C的描述错误；根据文章最后一句Health experts d nt recmmend intermittent fasting fr children, peple n sme medicatins and peple with a histry f eating disrders.（健康专家不建议儿童、服用某些药物的人以及有饮食失调史的人间歇性禁食。）可知，选项D. All peple are nt advised t d intermittent fasting. ( 不建议所有人都做间歇性禁食。) 的描述正确。故选D。
D
【答案】12.C 13.B 14.A 15.D
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了英国越来越多的人买有机食品，是因为他们认为这样的食物没有污染，并介绍了有机食品背后一些鲜为人知的事实。
12.细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“Organic prduct is always better,” Gld said. “The fd is free f pesticides (杀虫剂),…”可知，Gld说有机食品总是更好的，这种食物中没有杀虫剂，由此可知越来越多的英国人买有机食品是因为他们认为这种食品没有污染。故选C项。
13.细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“And abut three quarters f rganic fd in Britain is nt lcal but imprted t meet grwing demand.(英国大约四分之三的有机食品不是当地产的，而是进口以满足增长的需求)”可知，英国市场上销售的多数有机产品不是在英国生产的，故选B项。
14.短语猜测题。根据划线词后面一个分句“supermarkets acrss Britain are depending n mre like him as they grw their rganic fd business(在英国超市的有机生意快速增长时，他们依靠更多像他这样的人)”可知，划线词所在句“Gld is ne f the grwing number f shppers buying int the rganic trend”意为“Gld是对购买有机食品感兴趣的众多购买者之一”，所以划线词“the rganic trend”意为“对有机食品日益增长的兴趣”。故选A项。
15.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首先提出英国越来越多的人购买有机食品，结合第二段中“But hw many shppers really knw what they are getting, and why are they willing t pay a higher price fr rganic prduct?(但是又多少购买者真的知道他们买的是什么，他们为什么愿意付更高的价钱买有机食品)”可知，文章接着介绍了关于有机食品背后的一些鲜为人知的事实，所以D项“有机食品——健康还是仅仅针对有钱人？”适合作为文章标题，故选D项。