备战2021届高考英语二轮专题复习爱尚阅读话题篇专题03自然与环境含解析202103052165

这是一份备战2021届高考英语二轮专题复习爱尚阅读话题篇专题03自然与环境含解析202103052165，共16页。

T give r nt
When a rather dirty , prly dressed persn kneels at yur feet and puts ut his hands t beg fr a few cins , d yu hurry n , nt knwing what t d , r d yu feel sad and hurriedly hand ver sme mney ? What shuld ur attitude t beggars be ? There can be n questin that the wrld is full f terribly sad stries . It must be terrible t have n idea where ur next meal is ging t cme frm . It seems cruel nt t give sme mney t beggars .
Certainly , mst f the wrld’s great religins rder us t be pen-hearted and share what we have with thse less frtunate than urselves .But has the wrld changed ?Maybe what was mrally right in the ld days ,when ne knew exactly wh in the village had suffered misfrtune and needed help ,is n lnger the best idea. Quite a few peple will nt give t beggars .Let us lk at their arguments.
First ,sme believe that many city beggars dress up n purpse t lk pitiable and actually
make a gd living frm begging .Giving t beggars nly encurages this srt f evil.Secndly , there is the wrry that the mney yu give will be spent n beer ,wine r drugs .Thirdly ,there is the pinin that there is n real excuse fr begging. One might be pr ,but that is n reasn fr lsing ne’s sense f pride and self-dependence.
Related t this is the pinin that the prblem shuld be dealt with by the gvernment rather than rdinary peple .Sme peple think beggars shuld g t the lcal gvernment department and receive help.
It is hard t cme t any final cnclusin ; there are varius cases and we must deal with them differently .A few cins can save a life in sme situatins , and even if the mney is wasted ,that des nt take way the mral gdness f the giver.
给还是不给
当一个脏兮兮、衣衫褴褛的人跪在你脚下，伸出双手乞求几枚硬币时，你是匆匆忙忙忙地不知如何是好，还是伤心地匆匆递上一些钱？我们对乞丐应该持什么态度？毫无疑问，这个世界充满了可怕的悲伤故事。不知道下一顿饭从哪里来一定很可怕。不给乞丐钱似乎很残忍。
当然，世界上大多数伟大的宗教都要求我们敞开心扉，与那些不如我们自己幸运的人分享我们所拥有的，但是世界改变了吗？也许在过去，当一个人确切地知道村里谁遭受了不幸并需要帮助时，道德上正确的做法不再是最好的主意。不少人不肯给乞丐，让我们看看他们的论点。
首先，有人认为许多城市乞丐故意打扮成可怜的样子
以乞讨为生。给予乞丐只会鼓励这种行为邪恶。其次有人担心你给的钱会花在啤酒、酒或毒品上。第三，有人认为乞讨没有真正的借口。一个人可能很穷，但这并不是丧失自豪感和自立感的理由。
与此相关的是，这个问题应该由政府而不是普通人来解决，一些人认为乞丐应该去当地政府部门接受帮助。
很难得出最后的结论，有各种各样的情况，我们必须区别对待。在某些情况下，几枚硬币可以拯救一条命，即使浪费了金钱，也不能取代给予者的道德良善。
注解：
1. religin [riˈlidʒən] n.宗教，宗教信仰
2. mrally ['mɔ:rəli] adv. 道德上地，道义上地
3. misfrtune [misˈfɔ:tʃən] n.不幸，厄运，逆境；不幸事故，灾难
4. pitiable [ˈpitiəbl] a.引人怜悯的，可怜的
5. evil [ˈi:vəl] a.邪恶的，坏的 n.邪恶，罪恶，祸害
语法点拨：
When a rather dirty , prly dressed persn kneels at yur feet and puts ut his hands t beg fr a few cins , d yu hurry n , nt knwing what t d , r d yu feel sad and hurriedly hand ver sme mney ?
分析：句中 prly dressed 为过去分词作定语，修饰persn，相当于a persn wh is prly dressed. nt knwing what t d 为现在分词否定式作伴随状语。体会下列现在分词作状语的用法：
1)"Can't yu read?" Mary said angrily， pinting t the ntice.（伴随）
“难道你不识字吗？”玛丽指着通知愤怒地说。
2)Having read the letter, she gt very excited.（原因）
读过信后，她变得很兴奋。
3)Nt knwing her address, we culdn’t get in tuch with her.(原因)
不知道她的地址，我们无法与她取得联系。
4)His parents were killed in the accident, leaving him an rphan.（结果）
他的父母在事故中遇难，他成了孤儿。
5)When crssing the rad, please be careful.（时间）
过马路时千万小心。
6)Wrking hard, yu’ll get a gd achievement.（条件）
努力学习你就能取得好成绩。
7)Wrking s hard, he failed again.（让步）
尽管他如此努力还是失败了
【话题阅读】
导读：中国濒临灭绝的大熊猫如今因气候变化而陷入失去它们的主食的危险之中。赶快行动起来保护他们吧！
Pandas face bamb shrtage threat
= 1 \* GB3 ①Already threatened by a slw breeding rate and rapid habitat lss, China's endangered giant pandas nw als risk lsing their main fd, bamb, t climate change, claim scientists.
A study in China's nrthwestern Qinling Muntains, hme t arund 270 pandas—abut a fifth f the wrld's wild ppulatin—predicts a big bamb decline this century as the glbe warms.
"The pandas may face a shrtage f fd unless they can find alternative fd resurces; the giant panda is a picky eater."
Ninety-nine per cent f its diet = 2 \* GB3 ②cnsists f bamb—being destryed = 3 \* GB3 ③up t 38 kilgrams per day. Bamb itself als has a slw reprductive rate, flwering nly every 30 t 35 years, which means it wuld be slw t adapt t a change in lcal climate.
Based n the data gathered fr this study, researchers predict that three bamb species which = 4 \* GB3 ④make up almst the entire diet f the Qinling pandas will all but disappear in a warmer climate.
"Results suggest that almst the entire panda habitat in the regin may disappear because f climate change = 5 \* GB3 ⑤by the end f the 21st century," the study's authrs write.
Already, defrestatin is threatening the survival f abut half f all bamb species wrldwide.
The researchers say bamb distributin has histrically changed = 6 \* GB3 ⑥in respnse t changes in the climate. In the mdern era, thugh, even if ther areas were t becme climatically mre suited fr bamb grwth, these wuld be = 7 \* GB3 ⑦far away.
The findings shuld be used fr planning ahead t prtect areas that have a better climatic chance f prviding enugh fd surces r begin creating natural bridges t allw pandas an escape frm bamb famine.
大熊猫面临着食物短缺的威胁
科学家们声称，由于一直以来受到低繁殖率和栖息地快速流失的威胁，中国濒临灭绝的大熊猫如今又因气候变化而陷入失去它们的主食——竹子的危险之中。
大约270只大熊猫栖息于中国西北部的秦岭山脉地区，这占世界野生大熊猫总数的五分之一。据这一地区的调查研究推测，随着全球变暖本世纪竹子的产量将平稳下滑。
“除非大熊猫能够找到另外一种食物资源来代替竹子，否则它们将很可能面临食物短缺的困境。大熊猫可是个挑剔的食客。”
大熊猫的食物中99%都是竹子，它们平均每天吃掉的竹子达到38千克。竹子本身再生率低，每30年至35年为一个生长周期，这也就意味着竹子适应当地气候变化的过程很慢。
根据这个调查得出的数据，调查者预测随着气候越来越暖，三种竹子将濒临灭绝。而这三种竹子正是几乎秦岭地区的大熊猫的全部食物源。
调查研究的发起者们写道：调查结果表明到21世纪末秦岭地区基本上所有大熊猫的栖息地将很可能消失。
滥伐森林正在在并且已经威胁着世界上将近一半种类的竹子的生存。
调查者说到自古以来竹子的分布状况都随着气候的变化而波动。不过在现代，即使其他地区从气候因素上来讲更适合竹子的生长，但是这些地区与目前大熊猫保护区相隔太远，没有重合区。
这些调查结果应该用于主动保护计划中，保护那些有更好的气候条件提供充足的食物资源的地区，或者为大熊猫搭建起快速摆脱饥荒的自然通道。
重点单词:
1. breeding ['briːdɪŋ] n. 繁殖，饲养
2. picky ['pɪkɪ] adj. 挑剔的；吹毛求疵的
3. defrestatin [,di,fɔrɪ'steʃən] n. 采伐森林；森林开伐
4. famine ['fæmɪn] n. 饥荒；饥饿，奇缺
重点短语 / 亮点句式：
1. Already threatened by a slw breeding rate and rapid habitat lss, China's endangered giant pandas nw als risk lsing their main fd, bamb, t climate change, claim scientists.
科学家们声称，由于一直以来受到低繁殖率和栖息地快速流失的威胁，中国濒临灭绝的大熊猫如今又因气候变化而陷入失去它们的主食——竹子的危险之中。
threatened by a slw breeding rate and rapid habitat lss为过去分词短语作原因状语。bamb作their main fd的同位语。如：
Inspired by what he said, we are determined t study harder.
在他的话的鼓舞下，我们决心更加努力学习。
Tm, my uncle, will cme here tmrrw.
我的叔叔——汤姆明天来这里。
2. cnsists f 包含，包括。如：
The curse cnsists f ten cre mdules and five ptinal mdules.
这门课程包括十个必修单元和五个选修单元。
3. up t多达；该由……决定；胜任；直到。如：
The htel can accmmdate up t 500 guests.
这家旅馆可供500位旅客住宿。
Her clthes are always right up t the minute.
她的衣服总是式样最新的。
It's up t yu t decide whether t g r t stay.
是去是留该由你决定。
He is nt up t this wrk.
他不胜任这项工作。
4. make up 弥补；和解；编造；整理；化妆；拼凑成。如：
I tried t make up fr my lss.我力图补偿我的损失。
Let's make up.让我们言归于好吧。
The by made up a stry, it is nt true.
这个故事不是真的,是那个男孩编造出来的。
Leave this ntice hanging n yur dr, asking the servant t make up yur rm.
留张便条挂在你房门上, 请服务员把你的房间整理一下。
I dn't like t see wmen making up in public.
我不喜欢看见女人在公开场合化妆打扮。
Farm wrkers make up nly a small sectin f the ppulatin.
农民只占人口的一小部分。
5. by the end f 到……为止。如：
All reprts must be sent in by the end f this week.
所有的报告必须在本星期以前交齐。
6. in respnse t 回应。如：
In respnse t their hspitality, we wrte a thank-yu nte.
为回报他们的热情，我们写了一封感谢信。
7. far away 遥远。如：
We can talk t thse wh live far away by telephne.
我们可以用电话和住在远处的人说话。
名句背诵：
A man can fail many times, but he isn't a failure until he begins t blame smebdy else. (J. Burrughs)
一个人可以失败很多次，但是只要他没有开始责怪旁人，他还不是一个失败者。(巴勒斯)

【话题解读】
“自然与环境”是高中新课程标准话题之一，亦是高考英语常考话题。本话题包括动植物保护、生态保护、环境污染和保护等方面。这些话题与学生的生活 息息相关，联系密切。通过对这些话题的学习以及高考英语对这些话题的考查，可以让学生 多注意身边的人和事、关注社会环境、树立环保意识、学会与大自然和谐相处。 是高考英语热点话题，通常以阅读理解、完形填空和书面表达 的形式考查。
【关键词汇、短语、句式】
1.全球的关注 glbal cncern
2.越来越糟get wrse and wrse/ get frm bad t wrse/ get mre and mre serius
3.环境的破坏the destructin f ur envirnment
4.改善环境刻不容缓It’s high time that we did sth t imprve the envirnment
5.提高..的意识raise awareness that /f sth
6.承担保护环境的责任bear the respnsibility t prtect ur envirnment
7.呼吁某人做某事call n / call fr/ appeal t sb t d sth
8.时间不等人the clck is ticking
9.努力做某事make all effrts/ endeavr /make ne’s utmst effrt / g all ut/try all means t d sth
10.采取行动/措施去take actin /take measures t d
11.改善目前的状况imprve the present situatin
12.关注pay attentin t ding/shw cncern fr sth
13.伤害/损害.. cause harm/damage t
14.不惜任何代价at all cst
15.只要s/as lng as
16.承担做某事的责任take the respnsibility f ding sth
17.以牺牲..作为代价at the cst/ expense f ur envirnment
18.保护环境Prtect the envirnment
19.环境污染Envirnmental pllutin
20.释放有毒气体Give ff/release pisnus gas
21.受到严重污染Be seriusly plluted
22.对…有害D harm t / be harmful t
23.(不)注意环保Pay (n) attentin t
24.灭绝die ut
25.多植树Plant mre trees
26.把垃圾分类Srt the rubbish
27.回收垃圾Recycle the rubbish
28.受益良多Benefit a lt
29.保持生态平衡Keep the balance f nature
30.防止人们污染河流Prevent peple frm plluting the rivers
31.为了提高生活质量，环境保护变得越来越重要
In rder t imprve the quality f ur life, it becmes mre and mre imprtant t…
32.随着科技的进步，环境污染越来越严重
With the develpment f science and technlgy, mre and mre pllutin is prduced
33. 我们应该立刻采取措施与污染作斗争
We shuld take immediate actin / steps t fight against…
34.唯有这种方式我们才能享受新鲜空气，活得健康
Only in this way can we enjy fresh air and live a healthy life.
【写作必备句型】
1.T cherish the envirment is t lve urselves.
爱护环境就是爱护我们自己
2.I make an urgent appeal that measures shuld be taken t cpe with the situatin
我急切呼吁应该采取措施改变现状
3.We are sure that we''ll win the battle.
我们坚信我们能赢得战斗
4. Keep ur muntains green,the wate clean,and the sky blue.
使我们山更绿，水更清，天更蓝
5.Our earth's days are numbered withut urgent help.
没有及时的帮助我们的地球就屈指可数了.
6.（Sth.）are bund t generate severe cnsequences if we keep turning a blink eye t them.
如果我们继续睁一只眼闭一只眼的话，一定会有恶劣的后果
7.近来环保已经引起了全球的关注。
Envirnmental prtectin has caused glbal cncern recently.
8.我们应该马上采取措施来保护我们的环境免受污染。
It’s high time we tk immediate measures t prtect ur earth frm being plluted.
9.每个人都应该提高保护地球的意识。
Everybdy shuld raise the awareness that it’s ur duty t prtect ur mther earth.
10.你不难发现每个人都在伤害地球，然而他们可能自己都没有意识到这一点。
Yu cannt difficultly see that everybdy actually is causing damage t the mther earth, which , hwever, they may nt be realizing.

I．阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The insects are imprtant t farmers. When a hneybee lands n a flwer in plant, pllen (花粉) sticks t its legs. When the bee lands n anther flwer, sme f the pllen falls ff and fertilizes the secnd plant.
The act f spreading pllen is respnsible fr many fruits, vegetables, nuts and ther crps. Yet abut 30 percent f hneybees in the United States and ther areas have died in recent years.
Mike Leggett is a researcher at the University f Maryland. He wants t learn why s many bees are dying. “The number f clnies (蜂群) that die every winter has been ne in three. S n average 30 percent f the clnies have died every winter ver the last six winters. And that’s a huge number.” His research team examined the pllen that hneybees carried t their hmes. They fund that the pllen cntained high levels f 35 different pesticides (杀虫剂), which are chemicals used t prtect plants. “Pesticides are used, and have been used, pretty widely, fr centuries, t prtect plants frm diseases,” says Mr Leggett.
Keith Oh linger, a farmer and beekeeper in Maryland, has watched many f his bees die every winter. Mr Ohlinger thinks widespread bee death is caused by several things happening at nce. But he des nt feel sure that pesticides are a part f the prblem, “I felt it was the result f a lt f little things. I didn’t feel that there was prbably ne smking gun. But there’s a divisin (分歧) there, sme peple feel that it is just ne thing.”
Hneybees are imprtant t agriculture. This makes the search fr an answer t their death very imprtant fr Mr Leggett’s team. As he knws, ne in every three bites f fd we eat is smehw pllinated by hneybees.
1.What culd be a suitable title fr the text?
A.Why Are Hneybees Imprtant?
B.Hw D Hneybees Make Hney?
C.Pesticides Might Harm Hneybees
D.Hneybee Prtectin in Maryland
2.Hw des Mr Leggett sund in paragraph 3?
A.Wrried.B.Happy.
C.Surprised.D.Hpeful.
3.We knw frm the fifth paragraph that Keith Ohlinger ________.
A.has becme rich by keeping bees
B.cares little abut the death f his bees
C.has never used pesticides n his farm
D.dubts whether pesticides have killed his bees
4.In which part f a website can we mst prbably read the text?
A.Agriculture.B.Health.
C.Fd.D.Technlgy.
B
Be careful what yu say arund yur dg. It might understand mre than yu think.
A brder cllie named Lucky recgnizes the names f abut 200 bjects, say researchers in Germany. The dg als appears t be able t learn new wrds as easily as a 3-year-ld child. Its wrd-learning skills are as gd as thse f a parrt r chimpanzee(黑猩猩).
In ne experiment, the researchers tk all 200 items that Lucky is suppsed t knw and divided them int 20 grups f 10 bjects. Then the wner tld the dg t g and fetch ne f the items and bring it back. In fur tests, Lucky gt 37 ut f 40 cmmands right. As the dg culdn’t see anyne t get clues, the scientists believe Lucky must understand the meanings f certain wrds.
In anther experiment, the scientists tk ne ty that Lucky had never seen befre and put it in a rm with seven tys whse names the dg already knew. The wner then tld Lucky t fetch the bject, using a wrd the dg had never heard befre.
The crrect bject was chsen in seven ut f l0 tests, suggesting that the dg had wrked ut the answer by prcess f eliminatin(排除法). A mnth later, Lucky remembered half f the new names,which is even mre impressive.
Lucky is thught t be smarter than the average dg. Fr ne thing, Lucky is a brder cllie, a breed(品种)knwn fr its mental abilities. In additin, the 9-year-ld dg has been trained t fetch tys by their names since the age f nine mnths.
It’s hard t knw if all dgs understand at least sme f the wrds we say. Even if they d, they can’t talk back. Still, it wuldn’t hurt t sweet-talk yur dg every nw and then. Yu might just get a big, wet kiss in return!
5.Frm paragraph 2, we can infer that_________.
A.chimpanzees have very gd wrd-learning skills
B.dgs are smarter than parrts and chimpanzees
C.animals are as clever as human beings
D.dgs have similar learning abilities as 3-year-ld children
6.The tw experiments shw that_________.
A.Lucky is smart enugh t get all cmmands right
B.Lucky can recgnize different things including tys
C.Lucky has develped the ability f learning mathematics
D.Lucky wn’t frget the names f bjects nce recgnizing them
7.What des the authr want t tell us?
A.T train yur dg.B.T talk t yur dg.
C.T be careful with yur dg.D.T be friendly t yur dg.
C
WE COMBAT ANIMAL DISEASES TOGETHER!
We want t prevent serius animal diseases such as ft and muth disease, classical swine fever and African swine fever frm spreading t Finland. These and ther animal diseases can be transmitted frm ne cuntry t anther by animals r by meat and dairy prducts even if they are packed fr persnal cnsumptin r intended as gifts. Travelers like yu play an imprtant rle in preventing the spread f animal diseases.
Dn’t bring meat, meat prducts, milk and dairy prducts frm nn-EU cuntries t Finland!
A ban n persnal imprts applies t meat and dairy prducts brught int Finland by travelers r rdered and sent thrugh the pst. The ban applies t fd stuffs intended fr persnal cnsumptin r as gifts and t pet fd. If yu have fd prducts f animal rigin with yu, thrw them in a waste cntainer in the pint f entry r cntact Custms!
Bringing meat-cntaining prducts as presents and fr persnal use frm an EU cuntry t Finland
At the mment, there are EU cuntries with cases f African swine fever. In thse cuntries there are restrictin areas and, as a rule, prk and wild bear meat r prducts cntaining these meats may nt be imprted frm these areas int Finland. Imprt is allwed nly under very strict criteria cntrlled by lcal authrities. Hwever, the sales f these meat prducts within the cuntry may be allwed. In the EU, the disease has been detected in Estnia, Latvia, Lithuania, Pland, Hungary, Rmania, Bulgaria, Belgium and Italy (Sardinia), fr instance. It is difficult fr travelers t knw and prve frm which area meat prducts riginate and whether the prducts n sale meet all criteria. This is the reasn why we recmmend that peple avid imprting any meat prducts cntaining prk r wild bear meat as presents r fr persnal use frm cuntries with African swine fever.
PLEASE NOTE! Never leave any fd waste r leftver in the envirnment r places where they may be eaten by wildlife. Never give fd waste r leftver t prductin animals r t pet pigs.
Thank yu fr helping us t prevent the spread f animal diseases. We wish yu a pleasant jurney!
8.Whm is this ntice intended fr?
A.Fd imprters in Finland.B.Travelers t Finland.
C.Citizens in EU cuntries.D.Medical staff frm nn-EU cuntries.
9.Why des the Finnish Fd Authrity issue the ntice?
A.T prtect endangered wildlife.B.T secure the dmestic ecnmy.
C.T prmte vegetarian lifestyle.D.T prevent the infectius diseases.
10.Which f the fllwing behavirs is IMPROPER, accrding t the ntice?
A.A Russian fficial threw a beef burger in a dustbin at the Finnish airprt.
B.A Finnish girl fed milk t pigen at the park in her neighbrhd.
C.A Japanese traveler bught sme Hungarian hmemade sausages in Finland.
D.A German brught German cheeses t his Finnish girlfriend as a gift.
D
New research has fund that grey seals can simulate(模仿) human speech and sngs. The study carried ut by Dr Amanda Stansbury and Prfessr Vincent Janik,at the University f St Andrews,fund that grey seals use the same sund prductin system as humans due t having similar vcal tracts(声道).
Three yung grey seals—Zla,Gandalf and Janice—were mnitred frm birth by Stansbury and Janik t determine their natural talents.Once this prcess was cmplete,the researchers began teaching the seals t simulate cmmn seal sunds r nises a seal might nrmally hear frm a herd mate in the wild. Fish was used t encurage the seals t cme ut f the water and sing a series f ntes.Stansbury wuld recrd the seals’wn sunds and play them back. The seals quickly learnt that if they sang back the same ntes, they wuld be rewarded with fish.
Once the seals were familiar with this prcess and culd easily cpy these basic sunds,Stansbury and Janik used higher and lnger tnes(音调)and unfamiliar vwels(元音)frm human speech.The seals were then rewarded fr matching these new sunds.Stansbury even used sme cmbinatins t simulate sngs that n seal wuld be expected
t prduce under natural circumstances. Zla had a gift fr cpying up t ten ntes f sngs such as Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star and the theme sng f Star Wars. Gandalf and Janice were better at accurately reprducing cmbinatins f human vwel sunds.
Stansbury said,“I was amazed hw well the seals cpied the mdel sunds we played t them.Cpies were nt perfect,but given that these are nt typical seal sunds,it is pretty impressive.Our study really shws hw flexible seal vices are.”
After ne year f wrking with the researchers,the seal pups were released back int the wild. “This study gives us a better understanding f the develpment f vcal learning,a skill that is imprtant fr human language develpment.”Janik believes this knwledge can help t develp new methds t study speech prblems.
11.What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A.A research finding n grey seals.B.Grey seals’learning envirnments.
C.Humans’sund prductin system.D.A cmparisn f humans and grey seals.
12.In the study,fish wuld be given when the seals .
A.made funny nisesB.came ut f the water
C.repeated the same ntesD.cpied typical fish sunds
13.What can we find abut Zla based n the research?
A.It can cpy sme musical sunds played t her.B.It is gd at cpying human vwel sunds.
C.It is smarter than Gandalf and Janice.D.It likes singing children’s sngs.
14.What des Janik think f the research result?
A.It shws the living envirnments f grey seals.
B.It leads t a better understanding f human evlutin.
C.It raises an awareness f the need t prtect grey seals.
D.It inspires new methds fr research n speech prblems.
A
【答案】CADA
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了近年来很多地区有近百分之三十的蜜蜂死亡，而对于它们的死因，有研究表明是由农药造成的，有人认为农药不是死亡因素之一。
1.主旨大意题。本文主要讲了近年来很多地区有近百分之三十的蜜蜂死亡，而对于它们的死因，有研究表明是由农药造成的，有人认为农药不是死亡因素之一。所以短文的最佳标题为“杀虫剂可能会伤害蜜蜂”。故C选项正确。
2.推理判断题。由第三段中Leggett说的话“The number f clnies (蜂群) that die every winter has been ne in three. S n average 30 percent f the clnies have died every winter ver the last six winters. And that’s a huge number.”可知，Leggett认为每年百分之30的蜂群死亡是一个巨大的数字，由此判断出他对于蜜蜂的死亡数字是很担心的。故A选项正确。
3.推理判断题。由文中第四段的Mr Ohlinger thinks widespread bee death is caused by several things happening at nce. But he des nt feel sure that pesticides are a part f the prblem, 可知Ohlinger先生认为蜜蜂大面积死亡是由几件事同时发生造成的。但他不确定农药是不是导致原因的一部分。由此判断出从第五段我们可以知道，Keith Ohlinger怀疑杀虫剂是否杀死了他的蜜蜂。D选项正确。
4.推理判断题。文中最后一段讲到Hneybees are imprtant t agriculture.，也就是说蜜蜂对于农作物很有用，所以研究蜜蜂的死亡很有必要，所以这篇文章可能来自农业部分，故A选项正确。
B
【答案】ABD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一些科学家们的有趣的最新发现：小狗能够理解人们的意思，并有作出相应判断的能力。
5.细节理解题。根据文章第二段末尾句内容“Its wrd-learning skills are as gd as thse f a parrt r chimpanzee.”可知，这里将这只狗的词汇学习能力与鹦鹉，黑猩猩相比较，提及它的词汇学习技能和鹦鹉或黑猩猩一样好。由此可知，黑猩猩有很好的词汇学习能力。故选A项。
6.推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“As the dg culdn’t see anyne t get clues, the scientists believe lucky must understand the meanings f certain wrds.(由于狗看不到任何人来获取线索，科学家们认为Lucky一定理解某些单词的意思。)”和文章第五段内容“The crrect bject was chsen in seven ut f l0 tests, suggesting that the dg had wrked ut the answer by prcess f eliminatin.(在10次测试中，有7次选择了正确的对象，这表明狗通过排除法找到了答案)”可知，第一个实验表明Lucky能够理解某些单词含义才能在执行指令方面很成功；第二个实验则证明了Lucky在已认知的基础上利用排除法识别未认识的物体。因此可推知这两个实验表明Lucky能够识别不同的东西，包括玩具在内。故选B项。
7.推理判断题。文章末尾段落内容提出了作者的目的意图“Still, it wuldn’t hurt t sweet-talk yur dg every nw and then. Yu might just get a big, wet kiss in return! (不过，偶尔对你的狗说些甜言蜜语也无伤大雅。你可能会得到一个大大的湿吻作为回报!)”呼应话题，呼吁对自己的狗要友好，狗会给与回报。选项D“T be friendly t yur dg.(对你的狗友好。)”符合文意，表达了作者的心声。故选D项。
C
【答案】BDB
【解析】这是一篇应用文，本文是芬兰食品管理局发出的一封共同抵御动物疾病，特别是非洲猪瘟的通知（具有强制性质），信中对相应的法规进行了普法宣传，并对人们进行了建议和指引。
8.推理判断题。本题要求判断文章所面向的读者群体，这是一篇由政府官方管理机构发出的通知，综合全文，特别是第一段末尾部分“…even if they are packed fr persnal cnsumptin r intended as gifts. Travelers like yu play an imprtant rle in preventing the spread f animal diseases.”提到，即使你是私人肉制品消费或是把相关动物产品买来当礼物，也有传播动物疾病的风险，像你这样的（普通）旅行者在防控动物疾病传播中扮演了十分重要的角色，所以这篇文章是写给来芬兰旅游的人（travelers）看的，故选B。
9.推理判断题。题目要求判断本文的写作目的、意图，这是一份官方通知，直接根据其题目“WE COMBAT ANIMAL DISEASES TOGETHER!”（我们携手与动物疾病战斗！），并结合全文内容可知，题目中的“动物疾病”具体指的是“动物传染性疾病，如非洲猪瘟”，文章写作目的在于防止动物传染性疾病的传播，故选D。
10.推理判断题。本题要求判断选项中的行为哪一项是错误的，根据原文倒数第二段“PLEASE NOTE! Never leave any fd waste r leftver in the envirnment r places where they may be eaten by wildlife. Never give fd waste r leftver t prductin animals r t pet pigs.”可知，要特别注意不要留任何食物垃圾或残渣在可能被野生动物发现并食用的环境中，也禁止用这些食物去投喂动物或者宠物猪，根据这条规定，B选项中“一个芬兰女孩用牛奶喂食附近的鸽子”显然不合法，故选B。
D
【答案】ACAD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。科学家对灰海豹的研究发现，海豹可以模拟人类语言和歌曲。最后提到这个研究的结果对现实意义的指导作用。
11.主旨大意题。根据第一段New research has fund that grey seals can simulate(模仿) human speech and sngs. The study carried ut by Dr Amanda Stansbury and Prfessr Vincent Janik, at the University f St Andrews, fund that grey seals use the same sund prductin system as humans due t having similar vcal tracts(声道).可知一项新的研究发现，灰海豹可以模仿人类说话和唱歌。圣安德鲁斯大学的Amanda Stansbury博士和Vincent Janik教授进行了这项研究，他们发现灰海豹和人类有同样的发声系统，因为它们有相似的声道。由此可知，第一段的主要内容是科学家对灰海豹的研究新发现。故选A。
12.细节理解题。根据第二段中Fish was used t encurage the seals t cme ut f the water and sing a series f ntes. Stansbury wuld recrd the seals ‘wn sunds and play them back. The seals quickly learnt that if they sang back the same ntes, they wuld be rewarded with fish. 可知鱼被用来鼓励海豹从水里出来并唱一系列的音符。Stansbury会录下海豹的声音然后播放回来。海豹很快就学会了。如果它们唱回同样的音符，就会得到鱼的奖赏。由此可知，在这项研究中，当海豹重复同样的音符时，会喂它们鱼。故选 C 。
13.细节理解题。根据第三段中Zla had a gift fr cpying up t ten ntes f sngs such as Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star and the theme sng f Star Wars.可知Zla有可以模仿多达十个音符的歌曲的天赋。如Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star和Star Wars 的主题曲。由此可知，Zla能很好地模仿播放给它们听的声音。故选 A。
14.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“This study gives us a better understanding f the develpment f vcal learning,a skill that is imprtant fr human language develpment.”Janik believes this knwledge can help t develp new methds t study speech prblems.可知“这项研究让我们更好地了解了声乐学习的发展，这是一项对人类语言发展非常重要的技能。”Janik相信这些知识可以帮助开发研究语言问题的新方法。由此可知，Janik认为研究结果为语言问题的研究带来了新的方法。故选D。