江苏省2020-2021学年上学期高二英语期中解析版试卷精选汇编：阅读理解专题（含解析）

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阅读理解专题
江苏省苏州市2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期中试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Dear Yang,
In the face of Covid-19,we had to make the challenging decision of whether to go ahead with Open House 2020.How could we effectively reconnect with a locked-down city at a time when discussions around openness are more important than ever?
Against these difficulties, we chose not to postpone Open House 2020.Instead, we invested in completely reinventing how we approach our programme.Through a mix of original films, new books, activity packs, walking and cycling tours, podcasts, talks, and a host of online and outdoor events, the year that threatened(威肋）the existence of Open House became one of our most varied and accessible ever.
None of this would have been possible without our Open House Friends,who have reached out to give a monthly donation to support the charity after Covid-19 stopped almost all of our income.
But we still need your support.
If you value our work and want to see Open House continue beyond the pandemic(疫情），please consider becoming an Open House Friend from just £l.25 per week.We've made some fantastic gifts to say thank you to everyone who signs up.
£1.25 a week
－Open House Silver Key badge(徽章）
－Limited edition print by David Knight
－A discount on all our ticketed events
－Free Friends events throughout the year
Click here to donate £1.25 a week
£2.50 a week
－ Open House Silver Key badge
－Limited edition print by David Knight
－A discount on all our ticketed events
－ Free Friends events throughout the year
－A copy of this year's Open House Book, The Alternative Guide to the London Boroughs,
edited by Owen Hatherley
Click here to donate £2.50 a week
£6.25 a week
－Open House Silver Key badge
－Limited edition print by David Knight
－ A discount on all our ticketed events
－Free Friends events throughout the year
－A copy of this year's Open House Book, The Alternative Guide to the London Boroughs,
edited by Owen Hatherley
－Special Open House events on Open House weekends including Friends-only visiting hours
Click here to donate £6.25 a week
Thank you -together we can ensure that London is truly an Open City.
The Open House Team
1. What do we know about Open House 2020?
A. Open House 2020 had to be canceled because of the lock-down of the city.
B. Due to the outbreak of Covid-19, all the activities were held online this year.
C. Open House 2020 turned out a great success thanks to people's donations.
D. Despite the financial difficulties, this year's events were held as usual.
2. Which of the following is NOT a reward for one who donates £1.25 a week?
A. Open House Silver Key badge.
B. Limited edition print by David Knight.
C. Free Friends events throughout the year.
D. Special Open House events on Open House weekends.
3. What is the purpose of this email?
A. To appeal to readers to make donations to Open House.
B. To explain the procedure of donation to Open House.
C. To encourage readers to sign up for Open House 2020
D. To provide readers with various gifts for Open House 2020.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。作者在信中首先感谢人们对慈善事业的支持，才使得2020年开放日取得了成功。号召大家继续捐款支持慈善事业，并列出对捐款人的奖励。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“None of this would have been possible without our Open House Friends, who have reached out to give a monthly donation to support the charity after Covid-19 stopped almost all of our income.( 如果没有我们的开放日朋友，这些都是不可能的，在Covid-19几乎停止了我们所有的收入后，他们每月都伸出援助之手支持慈善事业)”可知，新冠疫情导致“The Open House Team”几乎失去了所有的收入，作者感叹如果没有人们的捐款，2020年开放日的举办是不可能的，可推知，2020年开放日取得了成功。因此，我们对2020年开放日的了解是C项“Open House 2020 turned out a great success thanks to people’s donations. (由于人们的捐款，2020年开放日活动取得了巨大成功)”符合题意。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题“£1.25 a week”下的介绍“－Open House Silver Key badge(徽章）－Limited edition print by David Knight－A discount on all our ticketed events－Free Friends events throughout the year(开放式银钥匙徽章（徽章）－限量版大卫·奈特印刷－所有门票活动的折扣－全年免费举办朋友活动)”可知，对每周捐款1.25英镑的人的奖励有：开放式银钥匙徽章，限量版大卫·奈特印刷；所有门票活动的折扣和全年免费举办朋友活动。因此，以下不是对每周捐款1.25英镑的人的奖励的是：D项“Special Open House events on Open House weekends (开放日周末的特别开放日活动)”符合题意。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。结合上文及第四段及第五段“But we still need your support. If you value our work and want to see Open House continue beyond the pandemic, please consider becoming an Open House Friend from just £l.25 per week.(但我们仍然需要你的支持。如果你重视我们的工作，如果想在大流行病之后继续举办开放日活动，请考虑以每周1.25英镑的价格成为开放日朋友)”可知，作者首先感谢了人们对慈善事业的支持，2020年开放日才取得了成功，接着又谈到了，仍然需要人们继续支持慈善事业，并且在下文中列出对捐款人的奖励。因此，作者写这封电子邮件的目的A项“To appeal to readers to make donations to Open House(呼吁读者为开放日捐款)”符合题意。故选A项。
B
“Don't delete your browser(浏览器）history,”Lin Kai warns his 11-year-old son, who is supposed to be having lectures delivered by his schoolteachers.Mr Lin has reason to be anxious.
To contain the spread of Covid-19, the authorities have closed schools and universities.But＂study must not stop", says the education ministry.Under its orders, the country's biggest exercise in remote learning is under way, watched over by parents.Mr Lin, who lives in the eastern city of Hangzhou, has caught his son being distracted by online games.He wants his son to know that he will inspect the browser for evidence of such naughtiness.
There are other ways to enforce discipline.Liu Weihua, who teaches at Wuhan University of Technology,places more emphasis on how students perform in classroom discussions, which are conducted using video-conferencing platforms such as Dingtalk by Alibaba and Ketang by Tencent.
In poor rural areas, where some households lack internet access, instruction by television fills the gap.Since February 17th China Education Network, a state-run service,has been broadcasting classes every weekday from 8 a.m.to 10 p.m.The first lesson of the day is aimed at pupils in the first year of primary school.Programmes for older children air in the afternoon and evening.All core subjects,such as mathematics and Chinese,are covered.
The interruption is felt most keenly by pupils in the final year of secondary school.That is the year leading up to the gaokao, the university-entrance exam.Many parents feared that online learning is a poor substitute for classroom instruction.Hou Kaixuan, who will sit the gaokao in the northern city of Zhangjiakou this summer, eagerly waits for the re-opening of his school.“I'm simply more productive in a physical classroom,” he says.
When schools and universities eventually re-open, classrooms may be different, says Yue Qiu, a secondary-school teacher in Beijing.The teacher-student relationship will become “less hierarchical(等级分明的）”，he predicts.That is because China's extended experiment' with online learning is reducing the typical reserve(矜持）between instructor and pupil.Teachers who were previously reluctant to give out their contact details on WeChat, a messaging app, now rely on it to respond to students' questions.At Mr Yue's school, students may even call their teachers to ask for feedback.If he is right, such a breaking-down of barriers could be one of the few happy byproducts of Covid-19.
4. What does the underlined word “distract” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?.
A. frightened B. attracted C. admitted D. impressed
5. In Hou Kaixuan's opinion, online classes can be described as
A. excellent B. productive C. informal D. inefficient
6. What's the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. When schools reopen, teachers and students will probably feel awkward.
B. Teachers and students are willing to contact each other on WeChat.
C. The relationship between teachers and students may become better.
D. Students may ask their teachers for feedback in real classrooms.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。短文说明了新冠疫情期间，不同人对中国的网络教学的不同的观点。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后的“by online games.网络游戏”以及“He wants his son to know that he will inspect the browser for evidence of such naughtiness.”可知，他想让儿子知道，他会检查浏览器，寻找这种顽皮行为的证据。由此判断出，林先生发现自己的儿子被玩网络游戏所吸引。故划线词的意思是“吸引”。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I'm simply more productive in a physical classroom”可知，我只是在实体课堂上的学习更有效率。由此判断出，在侯凯旋看来，网络课程是低效的。故选D项。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The teacher-student relationship will become “less hierarchical(等级分明的）”。师生等级分明的关系变得越来越小。“At Mr Yue's school, students may even call their teachers to ask for feedback.If he is right, such a breaking-down of barriers could be one of the few happy byproducts of Covid-19.”可知，在岳先生所在的学校里，学生们甚至会打电话给老师寻求反馈。如果是这样的话，那么这种打破师生关系障碍的做法可能是Covid-19带来的为数不多的好结果。所以最后一段的主旨是老师和学生之间的关系可能变得更好。故选C项。
C
The desire to be perfect is something most of us have felt at some point in our lives.Studying for the perfect test result, searching for the perfect partner, working through the night to smash that perfect presentation.Often, having high standards can drive success, but for some people, diligence and motivation can shift into perfectionism, a misunderstood personality trait（特质）that can have dangerous consequences.
Perfectionism has increased significantly over the past three decades, a recent analysis shows.Young people in particular place higher demands on themselves and on others.Our dog-eat-dog world is creating a rising tide of young people who may be putting themselves at risk of mental and physical illness in their search for the perfect life.
Admittedly,perfectionists tend to achieve academically or in their career.But it comes at a price.Even among top athletes and professional dancers, perfectionism is a double-edged sword, according to research by Sanna Nordin- Bates at the Swedish School of sport and Health Science in Stockholm.Through a series of questionnaires and in-depth interviews, she found that perfectionism improves performances in the short run, but then weakens it. "These dancers and athletes speak about the positive aspects of it, but there's always a 'but'.The elements of perfectionism that drive them to reach high standards always come at a cost," she says."We certainly shouldn't be promoting perfectionism as a positive trait in an uncritical manner.It isn't even true that you need it to be a top athlete."
With perfectionism rising rapidly among young people, many parents will share the desire to protect their children. "We've been working on the role parents play and it's complex," says Martin Smith at York St John University. "In terms of preventing it in your children, we know that parental practices have an important influence. "To avoid creating perfectionist tendencies, parents need to focus on loving their children in a more unconditional way, rather than focusing their love on specific successes.They can also help young people cope with the pressures of modern life.
"It's a cliche (陈词滥调），but we need to promote the idea of life-long learning as an attitude in our children-the sense that things are not over when one test has been done, one race has been won or lost, "says Nordin-Bates. All of us can benefit from this approach to life. "It's not about being perfect, " she says. "If you want to be happy and healthy for 80-plus years then you have to focus on what you gained from an experience, rather than what grade you achieved. "
7. What do we know about perfectionism according to the passage?
A. People will become perfectionists if they are hardworking and motivated.
B. Perfectionism ensures people a better performance in school and in career.
C. Nowadays young people may have fallen victim to perfectionism.
D. Perfectionism is the key to success for top athletes and professional dancers.
8. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Hard work.
B. Perfectionism.
C. A positive trait.
D. An uncritical manner.
9. Which of the following statements is a good suggestion on preventing perfectionism?
A. Children should be rewarded for getting good grades.
B. Children under pressure should depend on themselves.
C. Children shouldn't feel sad even though they lose a game.
D. Children should focus more on experiences than perfection.
10. What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A. Why we should seek perfectionism
B. How one can live a happy life
C. When the best is not enough
D. The meaning of being perfect
【答案】7. C 8. B 9. D 10. C
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。讲述了现在的年轻人对于完美的理解，文章认为要求完美不一定会对生活的更好有帮助，希望年轻人更加在意过程而不是结果。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“...but for some people, diligence and motivation can shift into perfectionism, a misunderstood personality trait（特质）that can have dangerous consequences.”（但对一些人来说，勤奋和动力可能会转变为完美主义，这是一种被误解的个性特征，可能会产生危险的后果。）可知，完美主义可能会带来危险的后果，因此年轻人要求完美不一定是一件好事，反而让年轻人成为完美的受害者。故选C项。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段倒数第二句“We certainly shouldn't be promoting perfectionism as a positive trait in an uncritical manner.”（我们不应该不加批判地把完美主义作为积极的品质来宣扬），和下一句开头“It isn't even true that...”可知，上句提到“完美主义”，下句用了一个even表递进，该句进一步提到“完美主义”，及这里的it 就是指的完美主义，整句话意为：你甚至不需要完美主义就能成为顶级运动员。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“If you want to be happy and healthy for 80-plus years then you have to focus on what you gained from an experience, rather than what grade you achieved.”（如果你想在80多年的时间里保持快乐和健康，那么你就必须关注你从一段经历中获得了什么，而不是你取得了什么成绩。）可知，人们应该更加注重经历，而不是成绩和结果。故选D项。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段句子“"It's not about being perfect," she says."If you want to be happy and healthy for 80-plus years then you have to focus on what you gained from an experience, rather than what grade you achieved."”（“这与完美无关，”她说。“如果你想在80多年的时间里保持快乐和健康，那么你必须关注你从一种经历中获得了什么，而不是你取得了什么成绩。”）可知，取得完美并不足以代表什么，你在一种经历中的获得才最显重要，通读全文，这也是整篇文章一直讲的主题。故选C项。
D
I rang Daisy the next morning and invited her to come to tea.
“Don't bring Tom,”I warned her.
It was raining on the day we had fixed to have tea. A man arrived at eleven o'clock to cut the grass in my garden (Gatsby's lawn(草坪）was always perfect). A little later an enormous quantity of flowers was delivered.
At three o'clock the front door opened and Gatsby hurried in. He looked anxious.
“Have you got everything you need for tea?” he asked.
I took him into the kitchen and showed him the lemon cakes I had bought that morning.
“Are they all right?”
“Of course! They are fine, Nick, my friend,” he said, but I could see he was disappointed.
We went into the living room where he sat down. From time to time he looked through the windows at the rain. Finally he got up and said he was going home.
“Nobody's coming to tea. It's too late! I can't wait all day.”
“Don't be silly. It's only two minutes to four.”
He sat down unhappily and, at the same time, a car drove up to my house.
I went out into the garden. Daisy looked at me and smiled happily. I helped her out of the car.
“Are you in love with me?” she said softly in my ear. “If not, why did I have to come
alone?”
“That's a secret.”
We went in. To my surprise the living room was empty. Then there was a knock at the door. I opened it. Gatsby was standing there in the rain. He disappeared quickly into the living room. I waited at the door. After a moment of silence, Daisy laughed and said in a clear, false voice,
“I'm very glad to see you again.”
I closed the door and joined them in the living room. Gatsby was standing and staring at Daisy. She was sitting, frightened but composed(沉着的)，on the edge of a chair.
“We've met before,”Gatsby said.
“Not for many years,” Daisy added quickly.
“Five years next November,” said Gatsby immediately without thinking.
I sat and talked to Daisy as we drank our tea and ate the lemon cakes. Gatsby was quiet but his anxious, unhappy eyes moved continuously from me to Daisy. I left them together after a while.
When I went back in, they were sitting on the couch, looking at each other. All their embarrassment had gone. Daisy's face was covered with tears. But there was a change in Gatsby that really surprised me. He radiated a feeling of joy that filled the room.
“Hello, my friend,” he said.
“It's stopped raining.”
“Has it?” he said. Then to Daisy: “It's stopped raining.”
“I'm glad, Jay,” she answered, her voice showing her unexpected joy.
11. Who probably had the grass cut and the flowers delivered?
A. Nick. B. Tom. C. Gatsby. D. Daisy.
12. The following sentences show Gatsby's anxiety EXCEPT______.
A. At three o'clock the front door opened and Gatsby hurried in.
B. From time to time he looked through the windows at the rain.
C. “Nobody's coming to tea. It's too late! I can't wait all day.”
D. Gatsby was standing there in the rain.
13. Why did Gatsby deliberately leave the house?
A. He didn't have the courage to meet Daisy.
B. He wanted to create the impression that it was a casual meet.
C. He didn't really want to see Daisy again.
D. He left something important at home and had to go back for it.
14. What does the underlined sentence probably imply?
A. Gatsby had a good memory for dates and time.
B. Gatsby was disappointed at Daisy's answer.
C. Gatsby tried to hide his nervousness.
D. Gatsby was anxious to meet Daisy again.
15. Which of the following is TRUE about Daisy?
A. She was late for tea because of the heavy rain.
B She didn't want to talk to Gatsby due to his rudeness.
C. She hadn't expected to meet Gatsby in Nick's house.
D. She was too embarrassed to notice the rain had stopped.
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
本文是记叙文，是小说《了不起的盖茨比》的片段。文章描述了五年后Gatsby和Daisy在他表哥Nick家里再次相遇的场景。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“ A man arrived at eleven o'clock to cut the grass in my garden (Gatsby's lawn(草坪）was always perfect).  一个男人11点来修剪了草坪（Gatsby的草坪总是很完美）。A little later an enormous quantity of flowers was delivered.（过了一会儿，大量的鲜花也送来了。）”和“At three o'clock the front door opened and Gatsby hurried in. He looked anxious.（三点整，前门开了Gatsby匆忙地进来。他看起来很焦急。）”以及下文描述的Gatsby焦急地等Daisy可推知，修理草坪和送花，应该是Gatsby的精心准备。故选C。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“…the front door opened and Gatsby hurried in. He looked anxious.（前门开了，Gatsby急急忙忙进来了。他看起来很急切。）”第九段的“From time to time he looked through the windows at the rain. …. ‘Nobody's coming to tea. It's too late! I can't wait all day.’（ 他不时地透过窗户看外面的雨。……没人来喝茶。太晚了!我不能等一整天。）”可知，描述了在Daisy来之前，Gatsby 等待时的焦虑不安；而第16段的“Gatsby was standing there in the rain.（Gatsby站在雨中。）”描述的是Daisy到达后，“我”和Daisy进到房子时的情景，不符合题意。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第16段的“We went in. To my surprise the living room was empty. Then there was a knock at the door. I opened it. Gatsby was standing there in the rain.（我们走了进去。令我吃惊的是，客厅没人。然后有人敲门。我打开门。Gatsby站在雨中。）” 再结合上文提到在Daisy到达前，Gatsby紧张不安； 他本来在客厅里，知道Daisy到了，他却从门外进来，假装比Daisy后到达。由此推知，他故意离开房子，是因为他不想让Daisy知道他一直在等她，想让Daisy觉得这是一次偶遇。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据此处倒数7、8段Gatsby和Daisy的对话“ ‘We've met before,’Gatsby said.‘Not for many years,’ Daisy added quickly. (Gatsby说“我们以前就见过”。Daisy马上补充说“好多年没见了”。) ” 划线句的意思为“Gatsby马上不假思索地说‘到明年十一月就有五年（没见了））”可知，Gatsby 很清楚地记得有多久没有和Daisy见面。由此推知，这句话暗示了Gatsby 非常期盼和Daisy的重逢。故选D。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章中“‘Are you in love with me?’ she said softly in my ear. ‘If not, why did I have to come alone?’ ‘That's a secret.’（‘你爱上我了吗?’她在我耳边轻声说。‘如果不是，为什么要我一个人来呢?’‘这是一个秘密。’）”以及文章最后一段中“her voice showing her unexpected joy.（她的声音流露出她意外的喜悦。）”可知，Daisy问Nick为什么要她一人来，而Nick没有告诉她原因。由此可知， Daisy并不知道Nick安排了她和Gatsby的见面，她没有预料到在Nick家里见到Gatsby。故选C。
江苏省镇江市2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期中试题
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A

Wayqecha Cloud Forest Lodge(旅馆）
Wayqecha is one of the world's best places to explore the cloud forest ecosystem that supports growing populations of animals.
LOCATION
4 Hours from Cusco City,near the south entrance of Manu National Park.
ELEVATION
6,500 to 9.875 ft. above sea level
MAIN FEATURES
Cloud forest, incredible views of the Andes
Villa Carmen Lodge
Located in the Andean foothills, Villa Carmen owns over 25 miles of trails covering a wide variety of habitats（栖息地）。The lodge neighbors several native communities, including some that offer visiting opportunities.
LOCATION
7 Hours from Cusco City, southeast border of Manu National Park.
ELEVATION
1,700 to 3,940 ft. above sea level
MAIN FEATURES
Sustainable agriculture, on-site fish farm
Los Amigos Lodge
Los Amigos is part of a watershed that includes millions of acres of protected wilderness. Wildlife is rich, including 12 globally threatened species, 11 primate species, and over 550 bird species.
LOCATION
1 hour drive and 4 hour boat ride from the city of Puerto Maldonado.
ELEVATION
760 1o 890 ft above sea level
MAIN FEATURES
Unmatched wildlife, lagoon,boat accessibility
Stays at our lodges include:
Three wonderful meals a day according to your diet needs
Limited satellite internet and electricity.
Hot water showers
Opportunity to interact with local and international scientists doing incredible research on site(在现场）
1. If a person likes to explore native communities,where will he choose to live?
A. Wayqecha Cloud Forest Lodge.
B. Villa Carmen Lodge.
C. Los Amigos Lodge.
D. Puerto Maldonado.
2. What can tourists experience in all the three lodges?
A. Personalized meals every day.
B. Free boat trips.
C. Interaction with experts on the Internet.
D. Unlimited internet and electricity.
3. The purpose of this article is to
A. educate people on the importance of environmental conservation
B. recommend some lodges located in the Amazon Forest
C. appeal to people to concentrate on the diversity of the magic forest
D. show people the exploration carried out in Peruvian Amazon Forest
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。广告推荐了三个旅游胜地的森林旅馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据方框二Villa Carmen Lodge中第二句“The lodge neighbors several native communities, including some that offer visiting opportunities.”（ 旅馆邻近几个当地社区，包括一些提供探访社区的机会。）可知，该旅馆提供探访社区的机会。所以，如果一个人喜欢探索当地社区，应该选择Villa Carmen Lodge。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据段落Stays at our lodges include中“Three wonderful meals a day according to your diet needs”（根据你的饮食需要，一日三餐都很美味）可知，旅馆里提供符合自己饮食需要的一日三餐，所以游客在这三个旅馆每天都能吃到个性化的膳食。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了三个森林旅馆，描述了它们的名称，地点，高度，主要特点。最后，通过“Stays at our lodges include…”（住在我们旅馆包括……）又介绍了旅馆包括的各种服务。由此推断，文章目的是：推荐一些位于亚马逊森林的旅馆，选项B符合题意。选项A“教育人们环境保护的重要性”、C“呼吁人们关注魔法森林的多样性”和D“向人们展示在Peruvian Amazon森林进行的探索”等主题，本文章均未涉及。故选B项。
B
Caleb Anderson is a kid unlike any other. While most students his age are preparing for 7th grade, Caleb-from Marietta, Georgia-is starting his sophomore year of college.
The 12-year-old student is currently enrolled at Chattahoochee Technical College, where he is on track to earn his bachelor's degree in aerospace engineering in two years, according to CBS News. “I'm not really smart," Caleb told the outlet. “I just grasp information quickly. So, if I learn quicker, then I get ahead faster."But Caleb isn't just shooting for a diploma-he has his eyes set on joining the Georgia Institute of Technology or the Massachusetts Institute for Technology, which he hopes will help him get an internship(实习期） with Tesla and Space X founder Elon Musk.
“When I was like 1, I always wanted to go to space," he recently told USA Today."I figured that aerospace engineering would be the best path." Caleb learned sign language when he was 9 months old and kept improving after that. He started reading a few months later, then was able to solve math problems around his second birthday, CBS News reported. He was just 3 years old when he qualified for MENSA-a non-profit organization for people who score in the 98th percentile or higher in a standardized intelligence test.
Caleb's parents knew early that their child was one of a kind, especially when they talked to other parents. “As we started to interact with other parents, and had other children, then we started to realize how exceptional this experience was, because we had no other frame of reference," Caleb's dad, Kobi, told WKYC."He has far surpassed me in math, so I can't help him anymore," Caleb's mother, Claire, told WKYC that she hopes her son's example can show other African-American parents that their child can be just as special.
“I think people have a negative perspective when it comes to African-American boys," she said."There are many other Calebs out there. "
She continued,"From being a teacher-I really believe that. But they don't have the opportunity or the resources."
4. Why is Caleb unlike any other kid?
A. He is an African-American boy.
B. He is from Marietta, Georgia.
C. He is a college sophomore and a MENSA member.
D. His mother is a teacher.
5. Up to now,Caleb______
A. has joined the Georgia Institute for Technology
B. has got an internship with Elon Musk
C. has earned his bachelor's degree
D. has learned sign language
6. What can we infer from Caleb's growth?
A. He is a gifted child from birth.
B. Aerospace engineering is the best path for kids.
C. Sign language plays a key role in character training.
D. Kids should be taught to learn math before two years old.
7. In the eyes of Caleb's mother,_
A. African-American boys can be very special
B. her child is exactly the same as other African-American boys
C. African-American boys are provided with good resources
D. people now have a correct attitude to African-American boys
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Caleb Anderson，一个出生就很有天赋的小孩，当和他同龄的学生都在准备上七年级时，他已经开始上大学二年级了。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Caleb Anderson is a kid unlike any other. While most students his age are preparing for 7th grade, Caleb-from Marietta, Georgia-is starting his sophomore year of college.” Caleb Anderson”（是一个与众不同的孩子。当和他同龄的学生都在准备上七年级时，来自佐治亚州玛丽埃塔的caleb却开始上大学二年级了。） 第三段的最后一句 “He was just 3 years old when he qualified for MENSA-a non-profit organization for people who score in the 98th percentile or higher in a standardized intelligence test.” 在他3岁的时候，他就获得了Mensa的资格。Mensa是一个非盈利组织，专门为那些在标准化智力测试中得分在98%或以上的人设立。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Caleb learned sign language when he was 9 months old and kept improving after that.”（ Caleb在他9个月大的时候开始学习手语，之后一直在进步。）由此可知Caleb到目前为止学习了手势语，故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Caleb learned sign language when he was 9 months old and kept improving after that. He started reading a few months later, then was able to solve math problems around his second birthday, CBS News reported. He was just 3 years old when he qualified for MENSA-a non-profit organization for people who score in the 98th percentile or higher in a standardized intelligence test.” （Caleb在他9个月大的时候开始学习手语，之后一直在进步。据哥伦比亚广播公司报道，几个月后，他开始阅读，然后在两岁生日时就能解数学题了。在他3岁的时候，他就获得了Mensa的资格。Mensa是一个非盈利组织，专门为那些在标准化智力测试中得分在98%或以上的人设立。）由此可以推断Caleb出生时候就很有天赋。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句“Caleb's mother, Claire, told WKYC that she hopes her son's example can show other African-American parents that their child can be just as special. ” （卡莱布的母亲克莱尔告诉WKYC，她希望她儿子的榜样能向其他非裔美国人的父母表明，他们的孩子也一样特别。所以在Caleb妈妈的眼里非裔美国孩子是非常特别的，）故选A。
【点睛】推理判断题的推断对象主要包括隐含意思、目标读者、观点态度、文章出处、写作意图等。以推断隐含意义的题目居多。推断隐含意义，即要求根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到、没有明说或者可能发生的事实。题干中常含infer（推断），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推断，得出结论）等词语。解此类题，首先找到相关信息，然后细读、理解相关信息的字面意义，最后结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。如小题3，根据第三段“Caleb learned sign language when he was 9 months old and kept improving after that. He started reading a few months later, then was able to solve math problems around his second birthday, CBS News reported. He was just 3 years old when he qualified for MENSA-a non-profit organization for people who score in the 98th percentile or higher in a standardized intelligence test.”（ Caleb在他9个月大的时候开始学习手语，之后一直在进步。据哥伦比亚广播公司报道，几个月后，他开始阅读，然后在两岁生日时就能解数学题了。在他3岁的时候，他就获得了Mensa的资格。Mensa是一个非盈利组织，专门为那些在标准化智力测试中得分在98%或以上的人设立。）由此可以推断Caleb出生时候就很有天赋。故选A。
C
Scientists say they are in a race against time. The endangered Franciscana Dolphin population off the Argentine coast is shrinking. The dolphins are dying in fishing nets and scientists are trying to reverse(扭转)that trend.
Doctor Martin Mandez is one of the team leaders. He and his colleagues are combining three lines of research. They are catching the dolphins and implanting devices for satellite tracking. They are testing environmental conditions such as the food supply and water temperature to better understand why the dolphins choose to live there. And back in New York, Mandez is studying the dolphins on a molecular(分子的)level by sequencing(测定序列)their DNA to better classify family groups.
They think that they basically completed a very important piece of research. They combined each of their new data for addressing population structure.
The team hopes the combined data will paint a very clear picture of the rare dolphin’s habitat, allowing scientists like Pablo Bordino to make informed recommendations for their protection. Bordino says the research is born some surprising discoveries.
They are finding that those animals are special residents. They don’t like to move a lot so that results support the genetic results too.
And that could be important, according to Mandez, gill net fishing in certain areas has the potential to wipe out entire families of Franciscana Dolphins.
Basically the end-goal is to preserve such kind of dolphins, as a viable(可繁衍的)species.This means having viable populations to distribute(分布)in space.So they are basically doing everything they can, combining all the evidence they can, different tools, and different lines of research to provide the best understanding they can to then put together a sense of conservation plan. So they are basically at the point. They trust throwing science at its best to address this issue.
Mandez says in recent years, local fishing and the government in Argentina had been helpful to their mission. Ultimately though, he believes the fate of the Franciscana dolphin may come down to science.
8. Which of the following statements belongs to the three lines of research?
A. Tracking the leader of a dolphin family with satellites.
B. Improving the living conditions of the dolphins.
C. Studying the dolphins’ preference for where to live.
D. Classifying the dolphins into different family groups by their habitats.
9. The Franciscana dolphin’s habit of living in certain areas without moving may have a consequence that
A. they may eat up all the food in certain areas
B. they may have the potential to harm other sea life
C. they are likely to be killed off by gill fishing
D. they will have trouble adapting to the environment in other areas
10. What determines the fate of the Franciscana dolphin according to Mandez?
A. Science.
B. Local fishing.
C. The habitat.
D. The government’s effort.
11. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Fishing nets are putting rare dolphins in great danger.
B. Satellite tracking is widely used in protecting endangered dolphins.
C. Scientist are testing environmental conditions off the Argentine coast.
D. Scientists are trying to stop Franciscana Dolphin population from dying out.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要阐述了阿根廷沿海拉河豚面临灭绝，科学家们正在寻找可行的办法使河豚这个物种继续繁殖下去。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“He and his colleagues are combining three lines of research. They are catching the dolphins and implanting devices for satellite tracking. They are testing environmental conditions such as the food supply and water temperature to better understand why the dolphins choose to live there. (他和他的同事们正在结合三个方面的研究。他们正在捕捉海豚并植入卫星跟踪装置。他们正在测试环境条件，如食物供应和水温，以更好地了解海豚为什么选择在那里生活)”可知，科学家们捕捉海豚并植入卫星跟踪装置，是为了更好的了解海豚喜欢的生活地点。因此，以下陈述属于这三个方面的研究是：C项“研究海豚对生活地点的偏好（Studying the dolphins’preference for where to live）”符合题意，故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段和第六段“They don’t like to move a lot so that results support the genetic results too.And that could be important, according to Mandez, gill net fishing in certain areas has the potential to wipe out entire families of Franciscana Dolphins.(它们不喜欢移动太多，结果也支持遗传结果。这可能很重要，根据曼德兹的说法，刺网捕鱼在某些地区有可能消灭拉河豚的整个家族)”可知，拉河豚不喜欢移动，这个习性很可能导致他们被刺网捕鱼灭绝。因此，拉河豚习惯于生活在某些区域而不移动，其后果可能是C项：“they are likely to be killed off by gill fishing(它们很可能会被刺鱼捕捞致死)”符合题意，故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一句“Ultimately though, he believes the fate of the Franciscana dolphin may come down to science.(不过，他相信，拉河豚的命运最终可能取决于科学)”可知，曼德兹认为，拉河豚的命运最终可能取决于科学。因此，据曼德兹的说法，决定了拉河豚的命运的是A项：“Science(科学)” 符合题意，故选A项。.
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Scientists say they are in a race against time. The endangered Franciscana Dolphin population off the Argentine coast is shrinking. The dolphins are dying in fishing nets and scientists are trying to reverse that trend. (科学家说他们正在与时间赛跑。阿根廷沿海濒临灭绝的拉河豚数量正在减少。海豚在渔网中死亡，科学家正试图扭转这种趋势)”以及第六段“gill net fishing in certain areas has the potential to wipe out entire families of Franciscana Dolphins.(刺网捕鱼在某些地区有可能消灭拉河豚的整个家族)”以及倒数第二段“Basically the end-goal is to preserve such kind of dolphins, as a viable species.(基本上，最终目标是保护这类海豚，作为一种可繁衍的物种)”可知，本文主要阐述了，由于刺网捕鱼，阿根廷沿海濒拉河豚面临灭绝，科学家们正在寻找可行的办法，使河豚这个物种继续繁殖下去。因此，这篇文章主要的是D项“Scientists are trying to stop Franciscana Dolphin population from dying outScientists are trying to stop Franciscana Dolphin population from dying out.(科学家们正试图阻止拉河豚种群的灭绝)” 符合题意，故选D项。.
D
For some in China, the aim of travel is to create 15-second videos. It's not about where you've been. It's about where you're seen to have been.
Perched(坐落于)on cliffs above a river, Hongyadong is a stilt-house complex in mock-traditional(仿古的)style in the city of Chongqing. Its bars, restaurants and golden neon lights have been a popular draw since it was built in 2006. Last year the number of visitors surged, with the waiting time to get in being three hours. For a while Hongyadong became the biggest attraction in China after the Forbidden City. The main reason, it seemed, was Hongyadong's sudden popularity on a social-media app Douyin, which is used for sharing photographs and 15-second videos.
Instead of having fun, some people now go in great numbers to remote strawberry farms or Icelandic fjords(峡湾)to take photos to impress their friends on social media. In China, Douyin, launched in 2016, has 230m monthly active users. Unlike users of Instagram, who mainly browse feeds of pictures posted by people they follow, Douyin's fans commonly use the app to watch hot-trending videos posted by users they do not know under categories such as “food” and “scenic spots”.
Uploading a picture or video from a photogenic spot to sites such as Douyin and Kuaishou is known in China as daka, meaning “punching the card”. The word is also used to refer to the practice of registering your presence at a location that has already become hot. The aim is not to produce a well-crafted video or beautiful photograph, but simply to show that you have also been to the places that are popular.
A subculture has developed of young people who choose daka as a lifestyle. So-called daka zu-“daka tribes”-can be found roaming Chongqing and other cities, checking in at as many hot locations as possible within a single day. Guides can be found online, to show the most efficient ways to achieve this. Companies offer “daka tours”. Shops and restaurants in China try to make themselves as daka- friendly as possible: a coffee shop in Beijing built inside a shipping container, for example. Douyin users can use the app to create “daka videos”: super-speed slide shows of themselves at daka sites.
The daka craze may have practical origins (起源). China's young urban professionals have little vacation time. In their first year at a company, employees can expect at most five-day paid-vacation. So workers need to make the most of their limited leisure time. Douyin captures the mood with its slogan: “Make every second count.”
12. What made Hongyadong the second biggest tourist attraction in China?
A. Its location and mock-traditional style.
B. The three-hour waiting time to access it.
C. Its bars, restaurants and golden neon lights.
D. Quite a few users sharing photos and videos of it on Douyin.
13. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?
A. Icelandic fjords are the most famous travel destination on social media.
B. Strawberry farms are highly recommended on social media.
C. The purpose of travelling has been changed by social media.
D. Social media make it possible for users to have fun in remote areas.
14. What most probably causes the increasing popularity of daka?
A. The desire for travel.
B. Limited leisure time.
C. Daka- friendly working places.
D. Free daka tours.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Are social media popular in China?
B. Is daka the aim of travel?
C. Hongyadong, a must-see spot
D. A slow-paced life, a better choice
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. B
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章以重庆洪崖洞为例，介绍了因抖音短视频应用程序而流行的打卡文化。打卡热潮源于城市职业人士休闲时间较少，他们想利用好有限的休闲时间。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“For a while Hongyadong became the biggest attraction in China after the Forbidden City. The main reason, it seemed, was Hongyadong's sudden popularity on a social-media app Douyin, which is used for sharing photographs and 15-second videos.”（一时间，洪崖洞成为中国继紫禁城之后最受欢迎的景点。主要原因似乎是洪崖洞在社交媒体应用抖音上的突然走红——抖音，一个用来分享照片和15秒短视频的应用。）可知，洪崖洞成为第二大旅游景点的原因是很多游客用户会在抖音上分享图片和视频。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段划线句“Instead of having fun, some people now go in great numbers to remote strawberry farms or Icelandic fjords(峡湾)to take photos to impress their friends on social media.”可知，现在，一些人旅游不再是为了享受乐趣，而是涌向遥远的草莓农场或冰岛峡湾拍照，为了在社交媒体上给朋友留下深刻印象。由此推知，社交媒体已经改变了旅游的目的。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“The daka craze may have practical origins. China's young urban professionals have little vacation time. In their first year at a company, employees can expect at most five-day paid-vacation. So workers need to make the most of their limited leisure time.”（打卡热”可能有其实际的起源。在中国，那些年轻的城市专业人士几乎没有假期。进入公司的第一年，员工最多可以有五天的带薪年假。因此，员工需要充分利用有限的闲暇时间。）可知，打卡热潮兴起于人们有限的闲暇时间。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章主要内容可知，本篇讲述了洪崖洞游客人数激增的主要原因是其在抖音上走红。紧接着介绍了打卡文化的兴起，打卡成为新的旅游方式，并在最后分析了打卡文化兴起的原因。故文章内容主要围绕打卡旅游文化而展开，再结合第一段“For some in China, the aim of travel is to create 15-second videos. It's not about where you've been. It's about where you're seen to have been.”（对中国的一些人来说，旅行的目的就是拍摄一个15秒的视频，这关乎的不是你去过哪里，而是你被看到去过了哪里。）可推知，作者想要人们思考旅游的目的是不是为了拍个短视频打卡。故“打卡是旅游的目的吗？”最适合作文章标题。故选B项。
江苏省南京市2020-2021学年第一学期期中高二英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上
将该项涂黑。
A
EReader IQ
Daily free e-books are the main feature on this site, and there are some fantastic titles to choose from,including a large number of children's books and young adult novels. The format is unique to Kindle though,so unless you have a conversion(转换）program, you might be out of luck if you're using a different e-reader.
Ereader Love
The majority of books on this site are in the science fiction and romance styles,but there are some jewels to be found in the other sections as well.Young adult readers may find some unique stories to dive into, and there are a few hundred mystery and horror novels to read through too.
Project Gutenberg
This site deals only with older books such as classic novels and reference materials,and are free in the United States because their copyright has been out of date.Gutenberg has over 42,000 free e-books available, so any book lovers will have plenty of materials to refer to.
Scribd.com
A great site for self-published authors,Scribd gives people the opportunity to upload their own work,and download books by other authors. There's a small catch: not all the books are free.You can read free short pieces of some novels and then purchase with a little money, but there are many impressive titles available for no charge whatsoever.
21. What can we learn from the passage?
A. E-books on EReader IQ are free of charge.
B.Up-to-date novels can be found in Project Gutenberg.
C.Scribd.com is for famous writers to upload their work.
D.Mystery and horror novels are in the majority on Ereader Love.
22.On which website can you probably find The Time Machine by H.G. Wells?
A.EReader IQ
B.Ereader Love
C.Project Gutenberg
D.Scribd.com
23.What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To stress the importance of e-reading.
B.To compare the advantages of e-book websites.
C.To introduce searching techniques for e-reading.
D.To recommend some online resources of e-books.
B
Suck in capital city traffic with no clear way to avid the cars around is,an Oklahoma ambulance(教护车）was at the mercy of is surrounding rush-hour drivers as as I tried to make its way to a a series of emergency calls on Saturday-one involving a young girl with cancer, who had traveled all the way from London for her treatment.
That was until a certain 6-foot-9-inch do-gooder drove his car through the lanes and skillfully placed it so that the ambulance would be freed from the web of vehicles: Kevin Durant, a famous NBA player.
＂All of a sudden,I see a silver sports car making way for us to get through and guide all the
Traffic,"Radford, a,doctor on the ambulance, said. "Once we actually get through all the traffic, this silver car comes over to the side and the driver waves to us."
According to Radford, Durant' s kindness led the doctors to make it to their second emergency call on time,too,enabling that young girl with cancer to get to her treatment safe and sound, For his part,Durant shied away from being regarded as a hero for his actions, saying what he did was entirely ordinary.
＂I just thought it was SO cool that someone like Durant would take the time to assist an ambulance getting to an emergency call," Radford said."Everything he did was amazing; Durant is the hometown hero.'”
For his heroism, Durant will be honored by the Oklahoma Emergency Medical Services Authority (OEMSA) as an “Everyday Hero”， an award that's given out four times a year.
＂Durant' s actions are exactly how we think citizens should help doctors reach their calls for emergencies. He is a great example of doing one's part to help those in need, and he handled it with such modesty,” an OEMSA representative said.
24. Kevin was regarded as a hero mainly because
A. he answered emergency calls for doctors
B.he cured a young girl from London of cancer
C.he guided an ambulance through rush-hour traffic
D.he solved the problem of traffic jam in Oklahoma
25.What do we know about Oklahoma from the passage?
A. It is widely known for heavy traffic.
B. It has poor emergency medical services.
C.It has the best cancer experts in the world.
D.It gives"Everyday Hero" award to citizens.
26.Which words can best describe Durant?
A. Warm-hearted and modest.
B. Quick-minded and careful.
C.Athletic and intelligent.
D. Merciful and reliable.
27.Which might be the best title for the passage?
A.Better City,Faster Service
B.Big Boy,Small Kindness
C.Larger City,Heavier Traffic
D.Ordinary Girl,Good Luck
C
（Oct. 13th,2020,Reuters) The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has decided to award the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020 to Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna ”for the development of a method for gene editing”.
Charpentier and Doudna have discovered one of gene technology's sharpest tools: the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors. Using these, researchers can easily change the DNA of animals and plants. This technology has had a great impact on the life sciences. It is contributing to new cancer treatment and may make the dream of curing inherited diseases(遗传病）come true.
Researchers need to modify genes in cells if they want to find out about life's inner workings. This used to be difficult and sometimes impossible. Using the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors, it is now possible to change the code of life in a few weeks.
The discovery of these genetic scissors was unexpected. During Charpentier's studies of Streptococcus pyogenes(酿脓链球菌），which cause the most harm to humans,she discovered a previously unknown molecule (分子）， tracrRNA. It kills viruses by breaking their DNA.
She started working with Doudna,an experienced biochemist in 2011. They then reprogrammed the genetic scissors. In their natural form, the scissors recognize DNA from viruses, but Charpentier and Doudna prove that they could be controlled so that they can cut any DNA molecule at a given site. Then it is easy to rewrite the code of life.
Since Charpentier and Doudna discovered the CRISPR/Cas9 genetic scissors in 2012, their use has exploded. This tool has contributed to many important discoveries in basic research, and plant researchers have been able to develop crops that can fight pests and drought.Clinical trials(临床试验）of new cancer treatments are under way, and the dream of being able to cure inherited diseases is about to come true. These genetic scissors have taken the life sciences into a new page and, in many ways,are bringing the greatest benefit to humans.
28.In which field is CRISPR/Cas9 mostly used?
A.Life science.
B.Tool design.
C.Disaster prevention.
D. Chemistry industry.
29.What does the underlined word "This” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Dealing with cancer.
B.Modifying genes in cells.
C.Curing inherited diseases.
D.Discovering life's inner workings.
30.How does CRISPR/Cas9 work?
A. It kills harmful viruses.
B.It damages human organs.
C. It makes DNA copying easier.
D.It cuts DNA molecule at a chosen spot.
31. The passage is a
A. science fiction
B.personal story
C.news report
D.book review
D
My grandma is the best pie maker in the world. So when she called me to say that one of her pies was missing, I knew that it was serious. I hurried to Grandma's house and suddenly realized that I hadn't visited her in a long time.
＂Start from the beginning,” I said. “I cut the pumpkin pie into six pieces,” she began. “A pumpkin pie! My favorite kind! This is even more serious than I thought.”
I took out a small notebook and a pencil. “Now, when did you last see this pie?” «You mean the whole? I baked it this morning,” said Grandma. “Then the doorbell rang. It was the leaf collector.”
＂Just as I suspected,” I said, writing down “leaf collector”。 “He stole the pie.” “Oh, no,” Grandma said. “He just wanted me to know that he was finished. I gave him a piece for his good job.” I put a line through "leaf collector"."Then what happened?"
“When I went outside with his piece, the mail carrier was there. She told me she could smell that pie all the way. “Aha!” I wrote down “mail carrier”。 “She stole the pie.”“No, I gave her a piece myself.” “Go on, please.” I said.
＂Then the phone rang, and it was my neighbor, Gloria Ketchum with the cats." I nodded and wrote "G.K.”。“She calls me every day to see if I need anything. So I invited her and her daughter over for some pie.”
“Grandma! No one stole the pie. You gave away all the pieces. One to the leaf collector. Another to the mail carrier. You and Gloria each had one. And her daughter's is five.”
＂Altogether six pieces!” Grandma said. “Maybe it was one of Gloria' s cats, or maybe a monster took it.” Grandma hid her face in her handkerchief; I couldn't tell if she was laughing or blowing her nose.
I had to search for more clues.
I opened the door of the refrigerator and asked “What's this?” Grandma looked surprised. “That's it!” She said, “I'll just warm it up. You must be hungry from the work, Jane!”
I did find the pie. And it was delicious, just as I suspected.
32. Who got a piece of pie for bringing Grandma's groceries?
A. The leaf collector.
B. The mail carrier.
C.The neighbor.
D. The author.
33. What is Grandma's real reason for calling the author?
A. She found a piece of her pumpkin pie missing.
B. Someone was needed to look into the strange case.
C.The author did well in making the right judgement.
D. She wanted to find a good excuse to meet the author.
34. Why didn't the author open the fridge at first?
A. Because she believed the pie was stolen.
B. Because she didn't know where the pie was.
C.Because she didn't want to ruin the game.
D.Because she thought Grandma made a mistake.
35. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. He who laughs last laughs best.
B. You are the apple of my eye.
C. Honesty is the best policy.
D.Observation is the best teacher.
A篇主要讲四个供你下载不同类型书籍的网站推荐，主要是根据四个小标题以及每个小段的第一句话可以概括出来。
B篇讲凯文杜兰特在繁忙的交通运输中为救护车开道，导致一个女孩能够及时接受救治。杜兰特特别低调，他被评为了每日英雄。
C篇是一篇关于基因编辑的科学报导，讲述了Charpentier和Doudna关于基因编辑的发现，本文学术性较强，可能给学生阅读造成障碍。
D篇讲述了我的祖母因为找不到自己做的南瓜派打电话给我，让我帮忙寻找的故事，故事整体脉络比较清晰，重点在于体会人物感情。
龚露老师详细解析：
A篇

第21题 A 根据第一段的第一句话daily free e-books are the main feature on this site可知这个网站上的图书是免费的
第22题 B 因为time machine是科幻，所以应该是E reader love.

第23题 D 主要是根据四个小标题以及每个小段的第一句话可以概括出来。此文主要讲四个供你下载不同类型书籍的网站推荐。
B篇
第21题 C 根据第一段，可知救护车堵在繁忙的交通堵塞之中，根据二三两段可知，杜兰特为救护车开道。
第22题 D 根据倒数第二段，可知Oklahoma 会给自己的居民评“每日英雄”奖。
第23题 A 杜兰特路见不平拔刀相助，是warm-hearted, 帮助之后又非常低调，因为最后一段说he handled it with much modesty ，可知杜兰特不张扬，所以选A。
24题 B 主人公应该是杜兰特，身形高大，但是内心温暖，从小小的善举中我们可以看到他善良的心。
C篇
第28题 A 本题考察了CRISPR/Cas9的作用，定位到第二段，可以看到这是一把基因剪刀‘genetic scissors’, 科学家可以通过它改变动物和人的基因来治愈疾病，因此答案选择A，生命科学。

第29题 B 本题考察‘this’ 的含义，定位到第三段第一句，前一句提到了‘modify genes in cells’,这里this就是指代这个技术，说明这个技术在过去是很难实现的，因此本题答案为B。
第30题 D 这里考察CRISPR/Cas9 是如何作用于人体的，定位到第五段第三句，这两个科学家已经证明了基因剪刀是可以被控制用来‘cut any DNA molecule at a given site’这和选项D的表述一致，因此本题答案为D。
第31题 C 本题考察文体，可以看到这是一篇有关于科学的报导，第一段还有报导时间和记者名字，本题答案为C。
D篇

第32题 C 本题考察的是谁因为给祖母带来了杂物而得到了一片南瓜派，这里可以定位到文章中来过祖母家的人，可以得知邻居每天给祖母打电话，看看她需要什么东西，答案为C 。
第33题 D 本题考察祖母给我打电话的正真原因。通读全文以及我的反应，比如第一段 suddenly realized that I hadn’t visited her in a long time和文中出现的几次as I suspected 可以得知祖母找我的真正原因不是让我来找南瓜派，而是想要见我，因此本题答案为D。
第34题 C 本题考察为什么我在一开始的时候不打开冰箱，从文章来看作者是一开始就识破祖母的真正意图，即作者很久没有来看祖母了，祖母想念外孙女，但是因为羞于面子，不好意思说，所以设计了馅饼丢了这一局，作者也很配合祖母出的局，所以她不打开冰箱查看，不想破坏了祖母的好意，所以本题答案为C。
第35题 B 本题考察文章主旨 选项A 笑到最后的人笑的最好  B你是我的掌上明珠  C诚实为上策  D观察使最好的老师 通读全文可以发现我的祖母把我视为掌上明珠，因此B选项最为符合，本题答案为B。
江苏省南通市2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期中备考试题Ⅰ
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
How To Make Tasty Yam Pottage（山药汤）？
Below are the methods and ingredients to be used for yam pottage.
·Ingredient
1 medium-size Yam
1 ½ spoon, palm oil
2 ½ cups, water
1 bulb, Onion
Blended mix of scotch bonnet pepper, tomatoes, ¼ onion
Groundfish
Smoked mackerel
Seasoning and salt to taste
Vegetable (Ugwu or scent leaf) (Optional)
·Method
1. Peel and cut the Yam into chunks size and rinse. Set aside.
2. In a heated pot, add your palm oil, heat for 1minute then add your chopped onions. Fry until slightly brown.
3. Add your blended mixture of scotch bonnet pepper, tomatoes, and onions.
4. While cooking, add your seasoning cube, crayfish, and salt. Stir together. Allow to cook for 10 to 15 minutes.
5. Add water.
6. Pour in the chunks yams, add your smoked mackerel and stir together. Cover to cook still the
7. yam is soft to your satisfaction.
8. Lastly, add your vegetable. Allow to simmer for 5 minutes
Your meal is ready!
·How To Make Sumptuous Lemon Yoghurt Cake
This recipe is so yummy and easy to make, you can’t go wrong with this recipe. I mean, even if you add too much sugar to the mixture, the lemon will douse it. It is also a very forgiving recipe because no matter how you measure your ingredients, it will always come out just right. It’s the perfect Christmas dessert recipe. This recipe makes two lemon yoghurt cakes.
·Ingredients
2 cups of all-purpose flour
1 tbsp of Vanilla extract
1/2 Cup of Sugar
1 cup of Cooking Oil the Zest of 1 medium to large-sized Lemon
3 to 4 Eggs
A Pinch of Salt
A cup of unsweetened yoghurt
1 tbsp of baking powder
·Method
1. Spray your baking pans (I’m using two pans, size: 9 by 5’s) and set aside
2. In a large bowl, scrape the lemon zest from the lemon and add the sugar. Then gently use your fingers to massage the zest with the Sugar.
3. Add the Oil, yoghurt Egg, and Vanilla to the Sugar and Zest then mix till all ingredients are well combined.
4. In a separate smaller bowl combine flour, baking powder, and a pinch of salt.
5. Mix the dry ingredients with the wet ingredients and pour the mixture into the prepared pans.
6.Bake at 350F（华氏350度）in the oven for about an hour
7. After an hour, stick a skewer into the cake to make sure it is ready, then bring it out of the oven and let it sit on a rack to cool down for about 15 minutes.
8. Slice and eat with either ice cream or alone if you like.
It’s a perfect dessert for the holiday. Enjoy!

1．Which of the following options is not needed for making Yam Pottage?
A．Salt B．Bulbs
C．Tomatoes D．Groundfish
2．How does the cake taste in the article?
A．Moderate sweet and sour B．Lemon sour
C．Sour and sweet taste of yogurt D．Everyone must like
3．After putting the cake in the oven, how long does it take to enjoy?
A．Three quarters of an hour B．80 minutes
C．Enjoy now D．15 minutes
【答案】1-3 BAB
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了如何做山药汤和柠檬酸奶蛋糕。
1．细节理解题。根据How To Make Tasty Yam Pottage部分Ingredient中的“A Pinch of Salt”、“Blended mix of scotch bonnet pepper, tomatoes, ¼ onion”及“Groundfish”可知，制作山药汤需要盐、番茄和底栖鱼，而没有提到鳞茎，故B项正确。
2．推理判断题。根据How To Make Sumptuous Lemon Yoghurt Cake部分Method中的“2.In a large bowl, scrape the lemon zest from the lemon and add the sugar. Then gently use your fingers to massage the zest with the Sugar.”可知，在一个大碗里，从柠檬上刮下柠檬皮，加入糖，然后用手指轻轻地把糖均匀涂抹在柠檬果肉上，由此可知，用文中提到的这种做法做出来的柠檬酸奶蛋糕酸甜适中，故A项正确。
3．细节理解题。根据How To Make Sumptuous Lemon Yoghurt Cake部分Method中的“6.Bake at 350F（华氏350度）in the oven for about an hour”可知，蛋糕需要在350华氏度的烤箱中烤约一小时；再根据“7.After an hour, stick a skewer into the cake to make sure it is ready, then bring it out of the oven and let it sit on a rack to cool down for about 15 minutes.”可知，在烤箱里烤一小时后，需要拿出来冷却15分钟左右，由此可知，把蛋糕放进烤箱后，要75（60+15）分钟后才能吃，故B项正确。
B
Growing up in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork and chopsticks!
Mum has sweet memories of the food from her home town in Sichuan, and often cooks spicy dishes. Thanks to this, Dad has come to love hot pot! But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother. Even today he still does not take to eating things like chicken feet.
But I enjoy that sort of food myself. Last week, I went to the butcher’s and asked, “Do you have pigs’ ears?” “No,” the butcher said, pulling at his own ears, “just these ordinary ones.” He must have thought I was joking.
Dad can cook a super “full English breakfast” of bacon, eggs, beans, sausages and toast with butter. Mum and I just have to find a way to get him into the kitchen! He also does a typical Sunday roast. We all love roast beef and vegetables.
I’ll never forget my first visit to China. Mum encouraged me to try different kinds of food. But just when I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu, a horrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe. I gathered all my courage to take a bite and was amazed to find it wasn’t so bad. It reminded me of blue cheese, a similarly strong smelling type of food you either love or hate. Maybe I’ll fall in love with stinky tofu, someday.
People say that one man’s meat is another man’s poison, but I feel at home with food from both my cultures.

4．What can we learn from this passage?
A．I have enjoyed the food from two cultures since a little child.
B．Because of my Mum, Dad loves all kinds of Chinese food.
C．We all like roast beef and vegetables except Mum.
D．I have fallen in love the stinky tofu now.
5．What is the character of the butcher?
A．Generous B．Mean C．Humorous D．Serious
6．What does the underlined part in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．refuse B．like C．allow D．mind
7．What’s the main purpose of this passage?
A．To introduce two different cultures.
B．To advise the readers to try some different food.
C．To show the different eating habits between China and Britain.
D．To tell a story about a child of his eating experience.
【答案】4-7 ACBD
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者作为一个中英混血儿，经历着两种不同的文化，在饮食上也是妙趣横生。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段Growing up in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork and chopsticks!（我在英国长大，父亲是英国人，母亲是中国人，自从我能拿刀叉和筷子以来，我就喜欢上了这两个国家的食物！）可知，作者从小就喜欢两个国家的美食。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第三段pulling at his own ears, “just these ordinary ones.” He must have thought I was joking.（他拽了拽自己的耳朵，说就这些肉食，他一定以为我在开玩笑）可推知，屠户或许以为作者是幽默的。故选C。
6．词义猜测题。根据文章第二段Thanks to this, Dad has come to love hot pot!可知，爸爸妈妈结婚后爸爸也是逐渐喜欢上了辣的食物，But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother.（但是还有一些菜是爸爸和妈妈结婚多年后从来不敢尝试的）结合后面的Even today he still可推知，take to意为“喜欢”。故选B。
7．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了作者作为一个中英混血儿，经历着两种不同的文化，在饮食上也是妙趣横生。由此可知，文章的写作目的是为了讲述一个关于他的孩子饮食经历的故事。故选D。

C
When Columbus ‘sailed the ocean blue in 1492’ he wasn't looking for America, he was searching for a route from Spain to China; America just got in the way.
The Spanish were after the riches of Asia: silk, dates, spices. Until later adventurers discovered how to sail to the Far East, trade with China depended on the Silk Road. The trade between China and Europe brought huge wealth, so the Spanish had a strong desire to find a new way to the East. Eventually a way appeared; as sea traffic developed from the 17th Century onwards, the overland route diminished.
Now China is seeking to revive(复兴)the Silk Road and is preparing to invest 4 trillion pounds in new roads, rail links, oil pipelines and other basic facilities. It is hoped that goods can be shipped westwards by land far more quickly and economically than by sea.
But the plan is also to attract more tourists. Actually, China does pretty well for tourists already; it's the world's fourth most visited country. Two cities — Beijing and Shanghai—possess the tourism business, with significant interest in destinations such as Xi'an and Chengdu. While Beijing is modern, cities such as Lanzhou and Dunhuang have one foot planted firmly in old China.
Other places featured include Xi'an, the former capital of China, where you can come face to face with the Terracotta Army built to protect China's first emperor in the afterlife. From Lanzhou tour members take the train to Jiayuguan, China's western gateway and a key location on the Silk Road.
There is also a four­day coach journey along the original Silk Route through the Xinjiang region to Kashgar. Along the way, at Kurla, you can visit the ruins of the Iron Fortress.

8．What does the underlined word “diminished” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Discovered. B．Disappeared.
C．Disturbed. D．Displayed.
9．What is the purpose of reviving the Silk Road?
A．To rebuild the ruins of the Iron Fortress.
B．To construct new roads and other basic structures.
C．To make transportation westwards faster and cheaper.
D．To draw more inland tourists' attention to the western gateway.
10．What can we learn about the Silk Road?
A．It is nothing but a trade route.
B．It may destroy some cities' ancient style.
C．It attracts foreign investment of ￡4 trillion.
D．It promotes the tourism industry of China.
11．What is the best title for the text?
A．The charming of the Silk Road
B．The function of the Silk Road
C．The origin of the Silk Road
D．The future of the Silk Road
【答案】8-11 BCDA
【解析】随着“一带一路”的进行，曾经辉煌的丝绸之路逐渐再次绽放光彩。对于很多人而言，沿线已经成为了解中国和旅行的目的地。人们能够踏上丝绸之路寻觅现代奇迹和已被遗忘的辉煌。
8．词义猜测题。由第三段第一句“Now China is seeking to revive(复兴) the Silk Road”（现在中国正在寻求复兴丝绸之路），因此推断画线句句意是：最终一条路出现了；由于17世纪之后海上交通的发展，陆路消失了。所以画线词词义是“消失”，与disappear意义相近。故B选项正确。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“It is hoped that goods can be shipped westwards by land far more quickly and economically than by sea.”可知，中国复兴丝绸之路是希望能够通过陆地比海洋更快更经济地将商品输送至远方。故C选项正确。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“But the plan is also to attract more tourists.”可知，复兴丝绸之路吸引了更多的游客，促进了中国的旅游业。故D选项正确。
11．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述中国正在寻求复兴丝绸之路，希望能够通过陆地比海洋更快更经济地将商品输送至远方。这也极大地促进了中国的旅游业的发展，人们可以踏上丝绸之路寻觅现代奇迹和已被遗忘的辉煌。因此推断选项A“迷人的丝绸之路”为最佳标题。故选A。

D
What if we had the power to control time, instead of moving from the past to the present to the future? What if we could jump, loop and travel through time in a machine? What if we could go wherever and whenever we pleased?
This ability would allow us to witness historic wonders, change decisions and see people from the past. We could right wrongs and stop wars from starting.
The mysterious puzzle of time has kept people debating its nature for hundreds of years. Science fiction writers have turned it into imaginative stories. Some scientists have even attempted to explain it using math. This math tries to make the dream of time travel come true.
The scientist Albert Einstein said that time and space are one thing. He called it “spacetime.” Einstein said that there are three dimensions in space: height, width and depth. A scientist named Hermann Minkowski added time as a fourth dimension.
Einstein introduced two ideas that have led to theories about the possibility of time travel. The first is relativity. The idea of relativity is that the force of gravity causes space to bend, which causes time to twist. The second idea focuses on special relativity. The idea is that a traveler moving super-fast through flat spacetime will enter the future. Einstein considered time “relative” because it is measured based on where we are on Earth or in space.
Stephen Hawking is a famous scientist. He believes that a time machine will never be built. If it were possible, he thinks we would already know. If a time machine could be built, how come no one from the future has invaded us?
The first science fiction story with this theme is The Clock That Went Backward by Edward P. Mitchell, which was published in 1881. Since then, thousands of books, films and television shows have explored the idea of time travel, in which some tools such as phones, watches, photographs and old books take travelers backward and forward.
Will time travel ever happen? Who knows? Most important is to keep your eyes open and have a sense of wonder.
12．What is the author’s purpose of writing the first paragraph?
A．To show time and space are connected. B．To show people’s interest in time travel.
C．To draw readers’ attention to time travel. D．To make people believe time travel is possible.
13．Which of the following statement could Einstein agree with?
A．Time travel is possible in the future. B．People can’t move faster than light.
C．Time travel is against scientific rules. D．Spacetime is not a real thing in theory.
14．What is the last but one paragraph mainly about?
A．The first science fiction story. B．Some tools used in time travel.
C．Edward P. Mitchell, the pioneer. D．Different works about time travel.
15．What is the writer’s attitude toward time travel?
A．Cautious. B．Approving. C．Doubtful. D．Hopeful.
【答案】12-15 CADD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲了时光旅行是否能够成为可能，分别引用了科学家阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和斯蒂芬·霍金对于时空旅行的看法，并介绍了关于时间旅行的不同作品。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“What if we had the power to control time, instead of moving from the past to the present to the future? What if we could jump, loop and travel through time in a machine? What if we could go wherever and whenever we pleased?”可知，如果我们有能力控制时间，而不是从过去到现在到未来，会怎么样？如果我们能在机器里跳跃、循环和穿越时间会怎样？如果我们可以去任何我们想去的地方和时间呢？由此可知，作者写第一段的目的是吸引读者对时光旅行的注意。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Einstein introduced two ideas that have led to theories about the possibility of time travel.”可知爱因斯坦提出了两种观点，这两种观点导致了关于时间旅行可能性的理论。由此可推知，爱因斯坦的观点导致了关于时光旅行可能性的理论，说明爱因斯坦会同意A选项“时光旅行在未来是可能的”的说法。故选A。
14．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“The first science fiction story with this theme is The Clock That Went Backward by Edward P. Mitchell, which was published in 1881. Since then, thousands of books, films and television shows have explored the idea of time travel, in which some tools such as phones, watches, photographs and old books take travelers backward and forward.”可知，第一个以这个话题为主题的科幻故事是Edward P. Mitchell的《倒转的钟》，出版于1881年。从那时起，成千上万的书籍、电影和电视节目都在探索时空旅行的概念，其中一些工具，如手机、手表、照片和旧书，带着旅行者来回穿梭，由此可知，倒数第二段主要内容是关于时光旅行的不同作品。故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Will time travel ever happen? Who knows? Most important is to keep your eyes open and have a sense of wonder.”可知，时光旅行真的会发生吗？谁知道呢？最重要的是睁大你的眼睛，保持一种好奇的感觉。由此可知，作者对于时空旅行的态度是充满希望的。故选D。

江苏省南通市2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期中备考试题Ⅱ
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Fast-food chains including Burger King and Starbucks have brought in plant-based meat products in China in an effort to promote healthy eating and protect the environment. Readers share their opinions.
Linda (China)
I just don’t get it. If you want something that tastes like meat, you’d better eat meat. Plant-based meat is highly processed. It is not as healthy as vegetables. It contains unhealthy amounts of fat, salt and artificial additives. Regular exercise, along with a well-balanced diet, is the best way to stay healthy.
Terryfoy (UK)
Our human body was not designed for us only to eat vegetables. We are designed to eat meat. The protein that our body must have to survive comes from the meat we eat. Our bodies function properly with the correct balance of meat and vegetables. Too much meat and we get fat, too little meat and we get skinny and weak. If you want to be healthy, you must eat a balanced diet of both meat and vegetables.
Taikor (Malaysia)
Start with a huge cutdown on meat. Regarding pigs, do you know they could outsmart you on Playstation games? Don’t be surprised. They’re much smarter than dogs. So they do better at video games than some primates (灵长类动物). Pigs are extremely clever animals. They're gentle, defenseless creatures. Start doing it now. It’s time we made a change.
Sockmonkey (Singapore)
I could never be a vegetarian. I eat very little meat, but I love the meat I do eat! If one has to cut down on meat, it seems that red meat is the first thing to be minimized since it’s not as good for you as other types.
1．What does Linda think of plant-based meat?
A．Unhealthy. B．Necessary. C．Delicious. D．Well-balanced.
2．Who suggests that humans have less red meat?
A．Linda and Taikor. B．Linda and Terryfoy.
C．Taikor and Sockmonkey. D．Terryfoy and Sockmonkey.
3．What’s the main purpose of the passage?
A．To introduce the harm of eating too much meat.
B．To show us different opinions about eating meat.
C．To inform us of the advantages of a balanced diet.
D．To state the necessity of protecting the environment.
【答案】1-3 ACB
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要就连锁快餐店引进植物性肉制品问题，展示了来自不同国家的四个人的观点。
1.细节理解题。根据第二段Linda说的话“It is not as healthy as vegetables.”可知，Linda认为植物性肉制品不如蔬菜健康。故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Start with a huge cutdown on meat.(从大量减少肉类开始)”及接下来提到猪是很聪明的动物可知，Taikor建议人们少吃猪肉，即红肉；根据最后一段最后一句“If one has to cut down on meat, it seems that red meat is the first thing to be minimized since it’s not as good for you as other types.(如果你必须减少吃肉，红肉似乎是第一个要减到最少的，因为它不像其他种类的肉那样对你有好处)”可知，Sockmonkey也建议人们少吃红肉。故选C项。
3.推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第一段最后一句“Fast-food chains including Burger King and Starbucks have brought in plant-based meat products in China in an effort to promote healthy eating and protect the environment. Readers share their opinions.(包括汉堡王和星巴克在内的快餐连锁店在中国引进了植物性肉制品，以促进健康饮食和保护环境)”可知，本文主要就连锁快餐店引进植物性肉制品问题，展示了来自不同国家的四个人的观点，所以本文目的是向我们展示关于吃肉的不同观点。故选B项。

B
Moving to a foreign country is an amazing, life-changing experience. It’s an opportunity to meet new people, make yourself completely involved in a different culture and possibly learn another language. However, before embarking on such an adventure, there are some practical decisions that need to be made. One such decision is choosing where to live.
For me, choosing to live with a French family was the best choice I made, and here is why.
Firstly, a family can show you around the city or town and help you settle in, stopping you from feeling lonely. When you’re in a new environment with people you don’t know who are speaking a language you’re still not fluent in, you might feel lost, tired and homesick — I know I did. However, my host family were wonderful and welcoming; they showed me which buses to take to get to work and cooked dinner for me so we could eat together, and took me with them on trips to the beach, the theatre and even a bullfight. These were great opportunities to experience French culture and build relationships, which in turn helped me feel more comfortable and welcome.
Moreover, living with French people has been brilliant for helping me improve my language skills. Being constantly exposed to authentic French conversation has allowed me to learn new phrases, widen my vocabulary and even improve my accent. My host family are happy to answer my questions and correct me when I say things wrong, which makes me a better and more confident French speaker.
Finally, the experience of living abroad is one that you will remember forever, and perhaps the friendships — like the memories — will also last. Your host family might become your friends for life. You might return for their birthdays, weddings, holidays, and much more. I hope to remain in contact with my host family long after I leave France because when I was away from my friends and loved ones, they welcomed me and made me part of their family.
4．What does the underlined phrase “embarking on” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A．Remarking on. B．Setting about.
C．Depending on. D．Putting about.
5．Where did the writer choose to live when moving to a foreign country?
A．In a dormitory. B．In his own apartment.
C．In a host family. D．In his friend’s house.
6．What is the advantage of living with French people?
A．Improving his French skills.
B．Feeling homesick and lonely.
C．Making friends from different countries.
D．Introducing English culture to the French.
7．How does the writer develop the passage?
A．By making comparisons. B．By following the order of time.
C．By following the order of importance. D．By listing detailed reasons.
【答案】4-7 BCAD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者结合自己寄宿家庭的经历介绍了在国外生活住在寄宿家庭的好处。
4.词句猜测题。由上文可知，在国外生活是一种令人惊奇的、改变生活的经历，是一个认识新朋友的机会，完全融入到不同的文化中，并且可以学习另一种语言。由转折词“However”以及下文“such an adventure”可推断此处表示：在出发进行这样的冒险之前，需要做一些实用的决定。由此可知该短语的意思是：出发，与B项意义相近。故选B。
5.细节理解题。由第二段的“For me, choosing to live with a French family was the best choice I made, and here is why.（对我来说，选择和法国家庭生活是我做出的最好选择，下面就是原因）”可知，作者在国外生活时选择住在寄宿家庭里。故选C。
6.细节理解题。由第四段的“Moreover, living with French people has been brilliant for helping me improve my language skills. （此外，与法国人住在一起，帮助我提高了我的语言技能，是很棒的。）”可知，与法国人住在一切有助于提高自己的法语技能。故选A。
7.推理判断题。由第二段的“For me, choosing to live with a French family was the best choice I made, and here is why.”和下文“Firstly...”;“Moreover...”;“Finally...”可推断，作者通过列举详细的理由展开讲述的。故选D。

C
It is reported that a record-breaking high-speed rail will connect Inner Mongolia in the north to Hainan in the south. According to the Shaanxi Development and Reform Commission，the proposed line will operate at a speed of 350 kilometers per hour（217 mph）.
Beginning in Inner Mongolia's Baotou city and running through southern Shaanxi， Hubei， Hunan， Guangxi and Guangdong， its final stop would be in Haikou city on Hainan Island，China's southernmost province．
Though the exact length of the proposed route has not been released，it will likely become the world's longest high-speed rail line as the journey by road between Baotou and Haikou is approximately 3,000 kilometers(1,864 miles)long. Currently, the world's longest high-speed rail line is almost 2,300 kilometers long （1,429 miles）,running from Beijing to Guangzhou.
The proposed rail is part of China's aim to create another “Silk Road of the 21st Century” and improve the country's transportation network while driving land development and urbanization（城市化） in some provincial areas.
Many of the provinces through which the high-speed trains will travel are near major bodies of water，such as the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi province, the Yangtzi River in Hubei and the South China Sea， where the line would end． It will also take passengers to popular tourist attractions including Zhangjiajie, Xi'an, Guilin and minority areas in western Hunan and Hubei．
"The country is now shifting its focus and investing in the western regions and economically underdeveloped areas, making up for China's long debt to these areas,“ Tan yuzhi, professor of the School of Economics and Management at Hubei University for Nationalities， told local media． " The project will significantly narrow regional disparities（差异） and solve minority issues.”
However，Deng Hongbing，director of China University of Geosciences' Center for Regional Economic and Investment Center，said that if the north-to-south railway is to go ahead，there needs to be a sound ecological program in place to ensure the protection of these underdeveloped and ecologically sensitive areas．
8．What is the passage mainly talking about?
A．China has decided to invest in the western areas.
B．Another high-speed train line is being planned.
C．The train will speed up to 350 kilometers per hour.
D．China has produced the best high-speed train line.
9．How many provinces will the proposed line cross?
A．9 B．8
C．7 D．6
10．Once the high-speed rain line is built，______.
A．It will be the most convenient high-speed rail line in China
B．It will benefit the underdeveloped areas a lot in the west
C．It will transport goods faster from north to south
D．It will do good to the environment alongside the line
11．What is Tan Yuzhi's attitude towards the proposed project?
A．Ironical. B．Doubtful.
C．Puzzled. D．Supportive.
【答案】8-11 BCBD
【解析】这是一篇说明文。中国准备建造一条从内蒙古到海南的高铁，这条线路将会贯穿7个省，可以促进沿线地区的发展，但同时也面临着一些问题。
8．主旨大意题。本文是说明文，其主旨大意一般在首段，或尾段。根据文章第一段的It is reported that a record-breaking high-speed rail will connect Inner Mongolia in the north to Hainan in the south. According to the Shaanxi Development and Reform Commission，the proposed line will operate at a speed of 350 kilometers per hour（217 mph）．可知，本文主要介绍据报道一条连通内蒙古和海南的高铁要修建，其总长为350千米，时速为217mph。B. Another high-speed train line is being planned．（一条高铁线路正在计划中）符合以上说法，故选B项。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段的Beginning in Inner Mongolia's Baotou city and running through southern Shaanxi， Hubei， Hunan， Guangxi and Guangdong， its final stop would be in Haikou city on Hainan Island，可知该高铁线路始于内蒙古包头市，途径陕西、湖北、湖南、广西和广东，最后到达海口，所以该线路总过会经过7个省。故选C项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的The country is now shifting its focus and investing in the western regions and economically underdeveloped areas，making up for China's long debt to these areas可知国家把投资重心放在西部和经济欠发达地区，以此弥补国家对这些地区的长期债务，即这条高铁线路将对西部经济欠发达地区有益。B. It will benefit the underdeveloped areas a lot in the west（它将有益于西部欠发达地区）符合以上说法，故选B项。
11．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的The country is now shifting its focus and investing in the western regions and economically underdeveloped areas，making up for China's long debt to these areas和The project will significantly narrow regional disparities（差异） and solve minority issues．"可知他认为这条高铁将惠及西部欠发达地区，而且可以大幅降低地区差异和解决民族问题，故推测他支持这条高铁的建设。D. Supportive（支持的）符合以上说法，故选D项。
D
The world’s biggest COVID9-9 vaccine (疫苗) study started on Monday. A total of 30,00 volunteers will help test the effectiveness and safety of a shot developed by the National Institutes of Health and drug maker Moderna.
The volunteers will each receive two doses (剂量) of a shot. They will not know whether they are getting the real vaccine or false version (版本) Scientists will then closely follow the volunteers as they go about their daily activities. They want to see which group experiences a higher rate of infections (感染), especially in areas where the virus still is spreading unchecked.
Volunteers from more than 80 test areas across the country will take part in the study. Moderna said the first vaccines were given Monday morning in Savannah, Georgia. The U.S. government requires its tests of any vaccine that might be used in the country. The aim is not just to test if a vaccine works, but also to check if it is safe.
Through the government-funded COVID-19 Prevention Network, the U.S. plans a new study for vaccine candidates (候选人) each month through autumn. Each will involve30, 000 newly chosen volunteers. The hope is that, by using the same rules for each study, scientists will be easily able to compare the vaccines. In August, the U.S. will carry out its final stages of Oxford University’s vaccine candidate. The study of Johnson & Johnson’s vaccine will start in September. Drug maker Pfizer also plans to carry out its own 30,000-person study this summer.
That is a lot of volunteers needed to test possible vaccines. But in recent weeks, more than 150,000 Americans have registered to volunteer for the studies, says Dr. Larry Corey. He is with the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Institute in Seattle, Washington. It normally takes years to create a new vaccine from start to finish. But this time, scientists are setting speed records.
12．What can be learned according to the second paragraph?
A．The volunteers will be divided into two groups.
B．A false version will influence the volunteers poorly.
C．Every volunteer gets two doses of shot at different times.
D．Scientists will keep the volunteers in a special place.
13．What do you know about the vaccine test?
A．This test involves volunteers from different countries.
B．Some volunteers have been injected with the vaccine.
C．The aim of the test is to see how the vaccine works.
D．The U.S. government intends to do tests nationwide.
14．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．The tests need many more than 150,000 volunteers
B．The vaccines made in a hurry have not potential safety issues.
C．It is hoped that vaccine is the best hope against the virus.
D．It is better to put off using the vaccines on humans.
15．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．COVID-19 Vaccine Starts Test with Volunteers
B．Moderna Are to Develop COVID-19 Vaccine
C．150,000 Registered to Get COVID-19 Vaccine
D．COVID-19 Vaccine Gets Support from U.S. Government
【答案】12-15 ABCA
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了30000名志愿者将帮助测试Moderna开发COVID-19疫苗的有效性和安全性。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段的“They will not know whether they are getting the real vaccine or false version (版本) Scientists will then closely follow the volunteers as they go about their daily activities.(他们不会知道他们得到的是真的还是假的疫苗，然后科学家们将密切关注志愿者们的日常活动)”可知，把志愿者分成两组进行测试。故选A项。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Moderna said the first vaccines were given Monday morning in Savannah, Georgia.(Moderna说，第一批疫苗于周一早上在乔治亚州的萨凡纳注射)可知，有些志愿者已经接种了疫苗。故选B项。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It normally takes years to create a new vaccine from start to finish. But this time, scientists are setting speed records.(一种新疫苗的研制从开始到完成通常需要数年时间。但这一次，科学家们正在速度创记录)”可知，科学家想要尽快研制出疫苗，因此推断疫苗是对抗病毒的最大希望。故选C项。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，Moderna生产的疫苗已经开始测试接种，倒数第二段也提到了另外两个药厂的疫苗也打算开始试验，可以推断，文章讲述了COVID-19疫苗开始在志愿者中进行测试。故选A项。