高中英语综合训练(三)

这是一份高中英语综合训练(三)，共11页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高中英语综合训练(三)
第一部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Frances Stevens Reese Woodland Trail Guide
The Woodland Trail was opened to the public on October 21,1997.Boscobel’s Board of Directors adopted a formal decision of naming the Woodland Trail in honour of former Boscobel board member,Frances Stevens Reese (1917-2003),one year after his death.
The trail(小径) is approximately 10 miles in length,leading down to Constitution Forest.When the West Point Glass Factory was operating during the Civil War,trees for miles around were cleared to provide firewood.Walking out of the forest,you will find a large mass of native hard rock about three billion years old.
Throughout this country path,you will find picture boards identifying birds and plants to this region.You will also find signs with historic and environmental information written by area specialists.
When you take a walk through this “undiscovered” forest land,please be a considerate guest.
●Before walking the trail,please purchase a pass in the Carriage House.Plan ahead,so you will be back by closing time.
●Follow the trail markers and remain on the trail.Besides protecting the fragile forest ecosystem,you will reduce the risk of poison plants and snakes.
●Leave rocks,plants,animals and artworks where you see them so that the person behind you can have the same experience.
●Carry out whatever you carry in because there are no rubbish containers on the trail.If you happen to see a piece of litter,be a good guest and pick it up.
1.When was the trail named to honour Frances Stevens Reese?
A.In 1997. B.In 1917. C.In 2003. D.In 2004.
2.What can you see along the trail?
A.An old battle field. B.A glass factory.
C.Information signs. D.Rock houses.
3.What should you do as a thoughtful visitor?
A.Leave the wildlife undisturbed.
B.Throw the rubbish into the dustbins.
C.Make reservations in the Carriage House.
D.Protect the markers of the Woodland Trail.

B
Kevin,diagnosed with Dyslexia(读写困难症),rarely spoke a word in class,and if he did,it would be a“Yes” “No” or “Maybe” in response to questions.He always scored badly in tests and saw no hope for the future.That was until he met Sarah,an advisor at a youth center Kidpreneur.
In 2012,Kevin attended a course called Ready Set Go in that center.The course was for disadvantaged kids in Kingswood—a low-income area in Sydney’s western suburbs—and its goal was to teach the kids how to create businesses and offer value to the neighborhood.
At the end of the course,Sarah took kids to the local area.She asked volunteers to share their business experiences—Kevin immediately put up his hand.His challenge was to trade his hot-dog selling service for free bread at a bakery.Although scared,Kevin was able to share his entrepreneur(创业) story with the shop owner and asked if he could exchange his service for some bread.Unexpectedly,the shop owner told Kevin how moved he was by his story and handed him some bread for free.By the end of the afternoon,his belief in himself and what was possible was at an all-time high.
The following week,Kevin sold 70 hot-dogs in two hours and made over $ 200.Soon after,he delivered public speeches in 20 schools,and was selected as part of his school’s leadership team.Now he heads a business group working on how to increase potential customer base.
All of this would not have been possible if Kevin had not found his passion and perseverance to improve himself,and those around him.The guidance and trust of his advisor also helped kindle his enthusiasm to go after his goals and dreams in life.
4.What were the kids expected to achieve in the Ready Set Go course?
A.To improve their test scores.
B.To create a hot-dog business.
C.To teach in low-income areas.
D.To be beneficial to the local area.
5.How did Kevin feel after visiting the local bakery?
A.Scared. B.Confident. C.Touched. D.Grateful.
6.What does the underlined word “kindle” probably mean?
A.Inspire. B.Share. C.Continue. D.Express.
7.Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A.On the Road to Recovery
B.Turning Failure into Success
C.Growing Wealthy Through Hard Work
D.From Hopeless Youth to Business Leader

C
Dolphins,African gray parrots and some other animals understand the idea of “zero”,but researchers were surprised to find that honeybees also understand this abstract concept,considering the insects’ tiny brains,according to a new study.Honeybees have fewer than one million neurons (神经元),compared with the 86 billion neurons in humans—and yet,they grasp a concept that humans,by some measures,don’t start to understand before preschool.
The researchers set up two cards,each of which had a set of symbols on them,like triangles or circles.Then,they trained a group of the bees to fly to the card with the lower number of symbols.The bees quickly learned what the humans wanted them to do to get their delicious,sweet rewards.The trained bees were then shown a card that was empty and one that had symbols on it.There is no need for the bees to be trained to fly more often to the empty card—thus showing that they understood that “zero” was a number less than the others.
Although they flew more often to an empty card than to one that had one symbol on it,it became easier for them to distinguish when the symbols on the card increased in number.For example,they more often flew to the zero when the other card had four symbols than when it had one.
Perhaps these findings will explain the brain mechanism (机制) behind what allows us to understand the concept of “nothing”,Adrian Dyer,a researcher said.This understanding,in turn,could help in the development of artificial intelligence (AI) that also understands this concept.“If bees can understand ‘zero’ with a brain of less than a million neurons,it suggests that there are simple,efficient ways to teach AI new tricks,” Dyer said in the statement.
8.What is a surprising finding for the researchers?
A.Many animals also understand the meaning of “zero”.
B.The number of neurons of honeybees is much smaller.
C.Honeybees can understand “zero” with their tiny brains.
D.Humans fail to recognize abstract ideas before preschool.
9.What can the bees do without further training?
A.Fly directly to the card with more symbols on it.
B.Fly less often to the card with fewer symbols on it.
C.Fly quite slowly to the card without anything on it.
D.Fly more often to the card without any symbol on it.
10.What does Adrian Dyer say about these findings?
A.They offer inspiration to the development of technology.
B.They enable people to understand more abstract concepts.
C.They suggest ways to teach humans some complex tricks.
D.They allow people to set a new type of brain mechanism.
11.What is the main idea of the text?
A.Honeybees know about the concept of “zero”.
B.Honeybees can understand much as humans do.
C.Honeybees will help to improve environment in the future.
D.Honeybees can be trained to comprehend “zero”.

D
Over the past decade or so,the technology industry has transformed many things we used to buy as physical products into digital services.Could cars be the next part of everyday life to be transformed from a physical product into an on-demand service?
One study in the US,for example,forecasts that private car ownership will fall by as much 80% by 2039 and that using electric ride-shares will be 4 to 10 times cheaper than buying a new car by 2021.The researchers foresee a world where shared,self-driving electric cars owned by cities or ride-sharing companies offer a safe,efficient and flexible personal transportation system.
At the very beginning of this revolution,ride-calling services like Uber and Taxify are already potentially cheaper for some people than owning a car.Car sharing services like Zipcar—which enables you to subscribe by the month and then hire a car by the hour have also started to pop up around the world.What’s more,autonomous vehicles should be safer since their software will not make mistakes,drive carelessly or get behind the wheel after too many beers.
As great as that all sounds,shared,driverless vehicles are most likely to go further in the future than the more optimistic forecasts suggest.While the technology is advancing fast,it may take longer to change human behavior.For people in the middle classes,a car is more than a way to get from point A to point B.It is also a status symbol,a fashion statement and a way of personal freedom.
This is why car ownership remains stubbornly high even in European and Asian cities with cheap,reliable public transport and bans on,or crowding charges for,private cars in their centres.The transition(过渡) will be even slower in a country like South Africa.The taxi industry,unions and government will resist the job losses;autonomous vehicles are probably also not ready to navigate the unpredictable drivers of Jozi’s main streets.
12.What can we infer about car sharing service from Para.2?
A.It will cost more to use.
B.It will be well received.
C.It will replace private cars quickly.
D.It will be no better than owing a car.
13.Why are autonomous vehicles considered safer?
A.They are updated constantly.
B.They are driven without wheels.
C.They are monitored in real time.
D.They are digitally controlled.
14.What should be considered before autonomous cars are promoted in South Africa?
A.Employment. B.Service. C.Charge. D.Ownership.
15.What’s the writer’s attitude to car sharing service?
A.Objective. B.Unconcerned. C.Reserved. D.Ambiguous.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
About one hundred years ago many educated people learned and spoke French when they met people from other countries.Today most people speak English when they meet foreigners.　16　 There are more people who speak English as a second language than people who speak English as a first language.Why is this? 
　17　 One of the reasons is that English has become the language of business.Another important one is that popular American culture (like movies,music,and McDonald’s) has quickly spread throughout the world.　18　 
Is it good that English has spread to all parts of the world so quickly?　19　 It’s important to have a language that the people of the earth have in common.Our world has become very global and we need to communicate with one another.On the other hand,English is a fairly complicated language to learn and it brings its culture with it.Do we really need that? 
Scientists have already tried to create an artificial language that isn’t too difficult and doesn’t include any one group’s culture.It is called Esperanto.　20　 Maybe the popularity of English won’t last that long either.Who knows?There are more and more people in the world who speak Chinese than any other language.Maybe someday the Chinese language will be the new international language. 
A.People like English.
B.But it hasn’t become popular.
C.It has brought its language with it.
D.There is no doubt about the question.
E.This is why English was widely spoken.
F.It has become the new international language.
G.There are many reasons why English has become so popular.
第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s easy to do a good deed.There’re many opportunities to practice loving-kindness in the daily happenings that 　21　 life, like 　22　 a door for someone,or wearing a smile.There are also other things to do: surprising someone by 　23　 their bills or writing notes of love and thanks for families or friends.It 　24　 for a happy life and joyful heart. 
Last night coming home from work, I found a young man who　25　 near my home in the dark street looking 　26　 and exhausted.He suffered from a mental illness.My first 　27　 was to call the police or get his father to 　28　 that, but he came to me before I could do either.And we talked.When I asked if he was OK, he honestly answered immediately he was having an anxiety attack and had taken some 　29　 for it.He was walking just to calm down himself. 
I could realize the　30　 of walking to calm down.I told him I was concerned for his walking in the streets when it was 　31　.He told me he had a flashlight and would 　32　 it on to help.After five minutes of 　33　, he headed home as his father pulled up. 
I went home thinking about our communication, and still worried about his　34　 while he would be walking at night afterwards.What more could I do? I wished he had some type of reflective device on to make him more visible to 　35　, so I ordered him some. 
21.A.set down B.watch over C.make up D.break off
22.A.holding B.knocking on C.cleaning D.shutting down
23.A.ignoring B.checking C.reducing D.paying
24.A.counts B.cares C.allows D.decreases
25.A.debated B.worked C.whispered D.wandered
26.A.inspired B.puzzled C.enjoyable D.astonished
27.A.caution B.sight C.thought D.impression
28.A.acknowledge B.accuse C.support D.handle
29.A.fool B.rest C.medicine D.patience
30.A.waste B.value C.horror D.excuse
31.A.cold B.silent C.lonely D.dark
32.A.put B.turn C.carry D.move
33.A.conversation B.argument C.prayer D.pleasure
34.A.occasions B.security C.orbits D.insurance
35.A.parents B.workers C.drivers D.pedestrians
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many high school students in the United States get training in construction skills by building real houses.The project 　36　(run) by the Waterloo Career Center.The center offers students different programs designed 　37　 (prepare) them for careers in technical fields. 
Students from the Waterloo Community School District 　38　 (recent) took part in construction training that centered on the skill of masonry (砖石建筑)—work done with stones,bricks or concrete materials.The students spent five days at their school learning 　39　 experienced workers from the Masonry Institute of Iowa,a 　40　 (profession) organization.The workers taught the students 　41　 to mix mortar (砂浆) and build walls with bricks and blocks.The students moved the mortar onto 　42　 (piece) of wood and then added bricks and blocks to form walls. 
Chris Busch helped oversee the students’ efforts.As the students worked,Busch 　43　(offer) them an important piece of advice.He told the students to be sure to use a leveling tool to check that the wall stood straight and level.West High student Nathan Elliott told the Waterloo-Cedar Falls Courier newspaper that this kind of learning was much better 　44　 sitting at a computer.Other students also said it got them 　45　 (excite) about future careers in construction. 
第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假如你是李华,你想邀请网友Peter下周六参观你校举办的“科技小发明”(technology gadgets)展览。请给他写封邮件,内容包括:
1.具体时间和地点;
2.展览目的和内容。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
We live in a technological society where most goods are mass-produced by unskilled labor.Because of this,most people think that craft no longer exists.
One of the ways these people wrongly support their view is by pointing to 100-year-old homes which are still solid,and arguing that it is the craftsmanship that is responsible for their durability.“Homes in those days were well-built,” they say.No doubt these homes were well-built,but what these people have done is mix up the quality of material used in the house with the quality of the craftsmanship.
Homes today could be built to last just as long as those old homes if people were willing or able to pay the price.For example,more people can no longer afford solid oak stairways,although they were once fairly common in older homes.Nor can they afford the high labor cost of employing a carpenter to build the stairway.Yet if someone can pay the high cost,there are still plenty of carpenters around able to make those stairways.And not only would these carpenters know how to build them,they would probably do a better job than carpenters of old.
One thing the modern carpenter has which enables him to do a better job is much more advanced tools.Such tools as laser beams and power plants help them lay out a house better and make more precision cuts on the wood.Also,it is not uncommon any more to find carpenters with college degrees and carpenters with a solid knowledge of mathematics,which would enable them to deal with more difficult house designs.
The problem of modern quality,then,really boils down to the problem of material,for the modern carpenter is just as able to produce craftsmanship as the carpenter of fifty years ago,but only if given proper material.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
答案与解析
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个著名的旅游景点——森林小径及其美丽的风景和游客旅游时的注意事项。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Boscobel’s Board of Directors adopted a formal decision of naming the Woodland Trail in honour of former Boscobel board member,Frances Stevens Reese (1917-2003),one year after his death.”这一句可知,这条小径是在2004年因Frances Stevens Reese而被命名的,故选D项。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“You will also find signs with historic and environmental information written by area specialists.”这一句可知,沿着小径走可以看见信息标志牌。故选C项。
3.A　细节理解题。根据文中“Leave rocks,plants,animals and artworks where you see them so that the person behind you can have the same experience.”这一句可知,作为一名考虑周到的游客,请不要打扰野生动物。故选A项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。Kevin是一个患有读写困难症的孩子,后来他参加了“Ready Set Go”课程,该课程不仅增强了他的自信,还使他最终成了面包行业的领导人。
4.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中“...its goal was to teach the kids how to create businesses and offer value to the neighborhood.”可知,课程的目标是教导孩子们如何创业并为社区提供价值,由此可推知:在Ready Set Go课程中,孩子们被期待做对当地有益的事情。故选D项。
5.B　推理判断题。由第三段最后一句“By the end of the afternoon,his belief in himself and what was possible was at an all-time high.”可知,下午结束时,他对自己的信心达到了空前的高度,由此可推知,在参观当地面包房之后,Kevin感到很自信。故选B项。
6.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“The guidance and trust of his advisor also helped kindle his enthusiasm to go after his goals and dreams in life.”及语境可知,导师的指导和信任激发了他追求人生目标和梦想的热情,由此可知画线词意为“激励”。故选A项。
7.D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了Kevin从一个患有读写困难症且前途渺茫的年轻人转变为一个商业领导人的过程,故D项是最佳标题。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。实验表明:蜜蜂与其他许多动物一样,能理解诸如“零”这样的抽象概念,这给人类尤其是人工智能的发展带来了启示。
8.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...but researchers were surprised to find that honeybees also understand this abstract concept,considering the insects’ tiny brains...”可知,令研究人员惊奇的是蜜蜂的脑容量虽小,但它们却也能理解像“零”这样的抽象概念。故选C项。
9.D　细节理解题。根据第二段内容,尤其是最后一句可知,蜜蜂更多地飞向没有符号的卡片是不需要被进一步训练的。故选D项。
10.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段Adrian Dyer所说的“‘If bees can understand...new tricks;Dyer said in the statement.”这句话可知,Adrian Dyer认为这些发现能够为科技的发展提供一些灵感。故选A项。
11.A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述蜜蜂与其他许多动物一样,能理解诸如“零”这样的抽象概念。故选A项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字化时代共享汽车的优缺点。
12.B　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“One study in the US,for example,forecasts that private car ownership will fall by as much 80% by 2039 and that using electric ride-shares will be 4 to 10 times cheaper than buying a new car by 2021.”可推知:共享汽车将会很受欢迎。故选B项。
13.D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中“...autonomous vehicles should be safer since their software will not make mistakes...”这一信息可知:自动驾驶汽车应该会更安全,因为它们的软件不会出错。故选D项。
14.A　推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句可知,如果在南非推广自动驾驶汽车,失业将成为一大问题。由此可推知:汽车在南非推广前应考虑就业问题。故选A项。
15.A　推理判断题。通读全文可知,作者在文章开头提到“共享汽车将很受欢迎”,但随后在第五段的介绍中又指出“共享汽车的推广将会有困难”。由此推知:作者对于共享汽车持客观的态度。故选A项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英语以及其流行的原因,以及未来可能使用的新的国际语言。
16.F　根据前一句“Today most people speak English when they meet foreigners”(如今大多数人与外国人交流用英语)可知,这与F项“英语成了一门新的国际性语言”前后衔接,符合语境。故选F项。
17.G　由空格后“One of the reasons is that English has become the language of business.Another important one is that...”可知,空格后在讲述英语成为国际性语言的原因,故G项“英语之所以如此流行有许多原因”符合语境。故选G项。
18.C　由前一句“Another important one is that popular American culture(like movies,music,and McDonald’s) has quickly spread throughout the world.”可知,另一重要的原因是美国文化在全世界迅速传播,而C项“它的传播也伴随着英语的传播”,It指代popular American culture,C项符合语境。
19.D　由前一句“Is it good that English has spread to all parts of the world so quickly?”以及后一句“It’s important to have a language that the people of the earth have in common.”可知,作者认为英语的传播很有必要,而D项(这个问题毋庸置疑),承上启下,符合语境。故选D项。
20.B　根据前一句“It is called Esperanto.”可知:此处在介绍“一种被称为世界语的语言”,而B项(但是这种世界语没有受到人们的欢迎)符合语境。故选B项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在回家途中帮助一位患有焦虑症的年轻人的动人故事。
21.C　根据空格前“daily happenings”这一信息可知,每天发生的事情组成了生活,故选C项make up(组成,构成)。watch over“留意”;break off“(使)分离”。
22.A　由语境可知,此处指为别人扶着门,故选A项holding。
23.D　根据空格后“their bills”可知,此处指为别人付钱,故选D项paying。
24.A　根据空格后面的“for a happy life and joyful heart”这一信息及语境可知,这对于快乐的生活和愉快的心灵是重要的,故选A项counts(重要)。decrease“减少”。
25.D　根据空格后信息及语境可知,此处指一个年轻人在作者家附近徘徊,故选D项wandered(徘徊)。
26.B　根据空格后的“exhausted”及语境可知,这个年轻人看起来困惑又疲惫,故选B项puzzled(困惑的)。enjoyable“令人愉快的”。
27.C　由空格后“to call the police or get his father to”可知,作者的第一个想法就是报警或让年轻人的爸爸来解决,故选C项thought。caution“谨慎”。
28.D　根据本空前面的“get his father to”这一信息可知,作者想让年轻人的爸爸来处理,故选D项handle(处理)。acknowledge“承认”。
29.C　根据本句前面的“he was having an anxiety attack and had taken some...”这一信息可知,这个年轻人患有焦虑症,刚刚吃了一些药,故选C项medicine。
30.B　根据本句后面“...walking to calm down...”这一信息及语境可知,作者意识到散步使他冷静下来的重要性,故选B项value。
31.D　根据上文第二段中的“a young man who　　　near my home in the dark”可知,他在黑夜中独自散步,故选D项dark。 
32.B　根据空格前“had a flashlight”可知,他可以打开手电筒,故选B项turn。
33.A　根据下文中“about our communication”可知,作者和他进行了五分钟的谈话,故选A项conversation。argument“争论”;prayer“祈祷”。
34.B　根据空格后“while he would be walking at night after-wards”这一信息可知,作者担心年轻人的安全,故选B项security(安全)。
35.C　根据上文中的“make him more visible”及语境可知,作者希望年轻人有某种反射装置,以使司机能够看到他,故选C项drivers。pedestrian“行人”。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由滑铁卢职业中心运营的建筑培训项目,该项目旨在为学生们在技术领域的职业生涯做好准备,参加该项目的高中生高度肯定了它。
36.is run　考查时态语态。由句子结构可知,空格部分是谓语成分。文中主要时态为一般现在时,主语“The project”与run之间是被动关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态,因而填is run。
37.to prepare　考查不定式。由句意及句子结构可知,空格后应使用不定式作目的状语。be designed to do表示“旨在……”,故填to prepare。
38.recently　考查副词。由句意可知,空格处应使用副词修饰动词短语took part in,故填recently。
39.from　考查介词。由句意可知,此处表示“学生们向有经验的工人学习”,故填from。
40.professional　考查形容词。由句意可知,空格处应填一个修饰名词organization的形容词,故填professional。
41.how　考查连接词。由句意可知,此处表示“教学生们如何混合砂浆”,此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构,故填how。
42.pieces　考查名词。由句意可知,此处应使用piece的复数形式pieces。
43.offered　考查时态。由句子结构可知,空格处是谓语成分,由前后句的时态可知此处应使用一般过去时,故填offered。
44.than　考查连词。由句子结构和句意可知,本句是一个含有比较状语的复合句,much better是解题信息,故应填连词than。
45.excited　考查形容词。由句意可知,此处表示“这让他们对未来的建筑职业感到兴奋”,故填excited。
应用文写作
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to invite you to an exhibition of technology gadgets to be held in our school next Saturday.
The exhibition is scheduled to take place in the football field from 8:00 am to 12:00 am,lasting 4 hours.It’s aimed at encouraging students’ creative thinking as well as sharing their works with others.In this exhibition,you can enjoy various gadgets which are of great use in our daily life.Additionally,some excellent student inventors will introduce the functions of their technology gadgets and perform them on the spot.It would be nice if you could join in the coming exhibition.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
概要写作
Nowadays a majority of people think that craft is dead,because they see century-old homes soundly stand.(要点1)They believe that it is the craftsmanship that contributes to the durability of the buildings,but they mistake the quality of material for that of the craftsmanship.(要点2)Actually,good carpenters,who are more learned and equipped with advanced tools,still exist.(要点3)So the problem of modern buildings lies in the quality of the material.(要点4)