高考英语语法填空练习18篇含答案详解

这是一份高考英语语法填空练习18篇含答案详解，共19页。试卷主要包含了clrful　考查形容词，Gradually　考查副词，the　考查冠词，t/fr　考查介词，ppularity　考查名词，becming　考查非谓语动词等内容，欢迎下载使用。


语法填空模拟检测(一)
(共3篇，限时35分钟)
A
(2018·浙江名校预测卷)Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty fell interested in the local drama during his tour of Southern China. __1__ (celebrate) his 80th birthday in 1790, he gathered opera troupes (剧团) from different areas around China to perform for him in Beijing. __2__ the celebration came to an end, four famous troupes from Anhui Province __3__ (ask) to stay, for audiences were particularly satisfied with their great performances, __4__ (color) clothes and interesting facial make­up.
__5__ (gradual), it replaced Kunqu Opera that had been popular in the palace and among the upper ranks in Beijing. Later, some troupes from Hubei Province came to Beijing and often performed together with the Anhui troupes. The two types of singing combined on __6__ same stage and finally gave birth to a new type which was known as Beijing Opera.
Beijing Opera absorbed various __7__ (characteristic) of its forerunners, such as singing, and dancing, and adapted itself in language and style of singing to cater __8__ Beijing audiences’ tastes. As time goes by, its __9__ (popular) has spread all over the country, with it __10__ (become) the most popular drama in China.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了京剧的由来及发展。
1．To celebrate　考查非谓语动词。此处表示“为了庆祝他80岁的生日”，故空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。
2．After/When　考查状语从句。庆祝活动结束后/当庆祝活动结束时，安徽省的四个著名剧团被要求留了下来。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处可用After“在……之后”或者When“当……时”引导时间状语从句。
3．were asked　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处是在陈述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；troupes与ask之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；又因句子的主语是four famous troupes，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填were asked。
4．colorful　考查形容词。根据空后的名词“clothes”可知，空处应填形容词colorful“颜色鲜艳的，五彩缤纷的”。
5．Gradually　考查副词。渐渐地，它取代了在北京的皇宫和上层阶级中盛行的昆曲。此处应用副词Gradually“逐渐地，渐渐地”在句中作状语，修饰整个句子。
6．the　考查冠词。此处表示“在同样的舞台上”。same在此处作形容词，通常和定冠词the连用，表示“同样的，相同的”。
7．characteristics　考查名词复数。京剧吸收了其先驱的各种特点。根据空前的“various”及characteristic“特点，特征”为可数名词可知，此处应用复数形式。
8．to/for　考查介词。京剧在演唱语言和风格方面做出改变，以迎合北京观众的口味。cater to/for sb./sth.为固定搭配，意为“迎合/适合某人/某物”。
9．popularity　考查名词。根据空前的“its”和空处在句中作主语可知，空处应用名词popularity“受欢迎，流行”。
10．becoming　考查非谓语动词。become与其逻辑主语it之间为主谓关系，故空处应用现在分词在句中作宾补。
B
(2018·浙江省名校新高考研究联盟第二次联考)
Many English learners work hard __1__ (improve) their pronunciation. If you are not making much progress as you hoped, you are not alone. You may be __2__ (surprise) to know that __3__ number of teachers do not know how to __4__ (successful) teach this skill. Judy Gilbert is an expert, who has written many books on the subject. She explains that, for the past 50 years, most English language teachers haven’t been trained to teach how to pronounce. Teachers mainly show individual sounds, such as the “wh” sound in the word “what”， __5__ individual sounds are only one part. Other parts include rhythm, intonation (语调), and stress — the loudness you give __6__ part or all of a word or words. These __7__ (factor) together make up the system of spoken English. In everyday speech, some words and sounds are almost always pronounced fully and clearly, while others are reduced and less clear. William Stout __8__ (lead) the workshops for 10 years. Stout enjoys __9__ (use) songs and song­like material in his classes. These things reproduce the natural rhythm, intonation, and stress of conversational English. Listening to songs, says Stout, __10__ (help) speed up your progress.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语学习中的发音问题。
1．to improve　考查非谓语动词。许多英语学习者努力学习以改善自己的发音。根据语境及句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。
2．surprised　考查形容词。你可能会对一些老师不知道如何成功地教授这种技能感到非常惊讶。本句的主语为“You”，故应用surprised“惊讶的”作表语；surprising“令人吃惊的”的主语通常是事物，用来形容某物、某事让人吃惊。
3．a　考查冠词。a number of“许多，一些”为固定用法。
4．successfully　考查副词。此处应用副词successfully“成功地”修饰动词teach。
5．but　考查连词。老师们主要展示单独的发音，比如单词“what”中“wh”的发音，但是单独的发音只是(发音系统的)一部分。根据语境可知，空处前后句之间存在语意上的转折关系，故应用表示转折的连词but。
6．to　考查介词。give sth. to sth.“将……用在……”为固定搭配。
7．factors　考查名词复数。这些因素共同构成英语口语的系统。factor“因素，要素”为可数名词，因为空前有These修饰，故用其复数形式。
8．has led/has been leading　考查动词的时态。William Stout已经开设了10年的研习班。根据本文的基本时态为一般现在时及句中的时间状语“for 10 years”可知，此处可用现在完成时表示lead这一动作在说话之前已经完成，且这个动作的结果对现在的情况仍有影响；此外，此处也可用现在完成进行时表示lead这一动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在，且有可能继续下去。
9．using　考查非谓语动词。Stout喜欢在他的课堂上使用歌曲和类似歌曲的材料。enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”为固定用法。
10．helps　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。Stout说听歌可以帮助你加速进步。此处为动名词短语Listening to songs在句中作主语，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数；且此处为客观描述，应用一般现在时，故填helps。
C
(2018·浙江绍兴模拟)You’ve probably heard the phrase that “sitting is the new smoking”， and research does show that sitting long may be __1__ (harm), even if you exercise regularly.
Regular exercise, particularly higher levels of physical activity, may not cancel them __2__ (entire) though it appears to reduce ill effects somewhat. An __3__ (analyse) of more than a dozen studies concluded that we need at least 60 minutes a day of exercise to fight the increased risk of premature (过早的) death due to sitting long. __4__ the contrary, another study found that the same amount of exercise doesn’t cancel the negative effects of sitting on insulin (胰岛素) levels and blood fats.
The damage from sitting for a long time __5__ (think) to be due to reduced muscle activity, __6__ can decrease the body’s ability to regulate blood sugar and remove bad blood fats.
__7__ (reduce) sitting time, there are actions you can take.
·At work, stand for a few minutes every half­hour, perhaps during phone calls, tea __8__ (break) or meetings.
·If possible, use a desk that lets you work both standing and seated. Or try one __9__ (attach) to a treadmill (跑步机) that allows you to slowly walk while you work.
·At home, get up regularly from your computer. Make __10__ attempt to stand and do the housework while watching TV.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了久坐的害处并提供了几条应对建议。
1．harmful　考查形容词。空处作表语，故填形容词harmful“有害的”。
2．entirely　考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词cancel，故用副词形式。entirely“完全地”。注意：entire变副词时，不可去掉结尾的e。
3．analysis　考查名词。根据空前的An可知，此处要填可数名词单数。analysis“分析”。
4．On　考查介词。on the contrary“相反”是固定搭配，故填On。
5．is thought　考查动词的时态和语态。此处描述客观情况，故用一般现在时。本句用了“Sb./Sth. be thought to do”句型，故用被动语态。
6．which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是“reduced muscle activity”，空处在从句中作主语，故用which引导。
7．To reduce　考查非谓语动词。逗号前是非谓语动词短语作状语，再根据语境可知，此处表示“为了……”，故要用不定式作目的状语。
8．breaks　考查名词复数。此处表示“在打电话、喝茶或开会期间”。此处break用作可数名词，表示“间歇，休息”，空前无限定词修饰，故用break的复数形式。
9．attached　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰空前的代词one。one是及物动词attach所表示的动作的承受者，故填过去分词attached。
10．an　考查冠词。 make an attempt to do sth.“尝试/试图做某事”，是固定搭配，故填不定冠词an。


语法填空模拟检测(二)
(共3篇，限时35分钟)
A
(2018·金华十校模拟)The Silk Road was a passage for the transportation of silk in ancient times. Lots of relics on the road can still __1__ (see) now. From the relics, tourists can see the outline of the ancient metropolitan (大都会的) areas along __2__ fantastic road. In the tour packages, tourists can imagine __3__ (they) to be ancient merchants by riding camels in deserts.
The Silk Road is a long route, __4__ Xi’an in the east to Gansu and Xinjiang in the west. If it is your first trip to China, we __5__ (sincere) suggest you should spend at least ten days visiting Beijing, Xi’an, Dunhuang, Urumqi and Kashi. You could get to know about the history of China and experience __6__ (color) scenery along the Silk Road.
If you are an __7__ (experience) traveler wanting to explore China fully, it is recommended __8__ you should travel to Dunhuang, Zhangye, Jiayuguan, Turpan, Kashi and Urumqi to follow the footprint of Marco Polo. This route may take about 15 days. If you have only a one­week holiday, the __9__ (choose) of three most famous cities will be fit for you.
Along the Silk Road route, Xi’an and Gansu are suitable to visit all year round. The best time __10__ (visit) Xinjiang is from May to October because the weather is mild.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的“丝绸之路”，并为如何游览“丝绸之路”提出了一些建议。
1．be seen　考查被动语态。句子的主语是Lots of relics，与谓语动词see之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；空格前面有情态动词can，故填be seen。
2．the　考查冠词。上文已经提到了丝绸之路，此处再次提到，表示特指，要用定冠词，故填the。
3．themselves　考查反身代词。本句表达的意思是“通过在沙漠中骑骆驼，游客们可以把他们自己想象成古代的商人”，they指代主语tourists，所以要用反身代词。
4．from　考查介词。此处表达的是“从东部的西安到西部的甘肃和新疆”，表达“从……到……”要用介词短语from ... to ...。
5．sincerely　考查副词。此处修饰动词suggest应用副词形式，故填sincerely。
6．colorful　考查形容词。此处修饰名词scenery，应用形容词作定语，故填colorful。
7．experienced　考查形容词。根据空后的名词traveler可知，空处应用形容词作定语，表示“有经验的”，故填experienced。
8．that　考查主语从句。本句为“It is recommended＋that从句”结构，it作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语，故填that。
9．choice　考查名词。根据空前的定冠词the和空后的of可知，空处应用名词，故填choice。
10．to visit　考查非谓语动词。the best time to do sth.的意思是“做某事的最好的时间”，其中的动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的the best time，故填to visit。
B
(2018·稽阳联考)17­year­old Jackson Hinkle, a surfer, has always been aware of __1__ issue of plastic pollution and its effects on ocean ecosystems. This year, however, was a big year when it came to taking action, reports Teen Vogue. He became a Water Ambassador for The Water Effect at The Ecology Center, and __2__ (organize) a march against the Dakota Access Pipeline (DAPL) in Orange County to raise people’s awareness of water rights and support the __3__ (create) of a clean future. Besides, he __4__ (present) serves as the founder and president of Team Zissou, an __5__ (environment) club that has popped up in schools in California, Hawaii, Washington, and Canada. Jackson is also leading a campaign in his town called “Plastic Free SC，” __6__ promotes the usage of reusable water bottles. “Our team is urging local restaurants and eateries __7__ (join) our movement by transferring from carrying plastic water bottles to selling more sustainable paper water bottles, and is planning to equip our city __8__ new water bottle refill stations and water fountains.” __9__ (find) out simple ways you can start reducing your carbon footprint today and you’ll make contributions to stopping the earth from __10__ (get) polluted.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁的冲浪运动员Jackson Hinkle致力于减少塑料污染的故事。
1．the　考查冠词。17岁的冲浪运动员Jackson Hinkle一直都知道塑料污染这个问题以及它对海洋生态系统的影响。此处特指塑料污染问题，所以用定冠词the。
2．organized　考查动词的时态。根据上文中的“This year, however, was a big year when it came to taking action”“He became a Water Ambassador for The Water Effect at The Ecology Center, and”可知，此处是在叙述发生在过去的事情，且空处与上文的“became”并列，故用一般过去时。
3．creation　考查名词。根据空前的冠词the和空后的介词of可知，此处应用名词，表示“支持创造一个清洁的未来”，creation作“创造”讲时为不可数名词，故填creation。
4．presently　考查副词。此外，他现在还是Team Zissou的创立者和主席。此处应用副词作状语修饰谓语动词serves。
5．environmental　考查形容词。此处应用形容词environmental“环保的”作定语修饰名词club。
6．which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a campaign，且which在从句中作主语。
7．to join　考查非谓语动词。urge sb. to do sth.“力劝某人做某事，敦促某人做某事”为固定用法。
8．with　考查介词。equip ... with ...“用……装备……”为固定用法。
9．Find　考查祈使句。找到你今天可以开始减少自己碳足迹的简单方法，然后你能为阻止地球被污染做出贡献。分析句子结构可知，本句为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”的句型，所以空处应用动词原形。
10．getting　考查非谓语动词。stop ... from doing ...“阻止……做……”为固定用法。
C
(2018·嘉兴模拟)There was a man who had four sons. He hoped his sons could learn not to judge things too quickly. So he gave them a task in turn, __1__ (ask) them to go to see a pear tree at a distance __2__ (separate)．
The first son set out in winter, the second in spring, the third in summer, and the __3__ (young) in autumn.
When all of them returned home, they were called together __4__ (describe) what they had seen. The first son complained the tree was __5__ (bend) and ugly. The second son said the tree was covered with buds (花蕾) and full of hope. The third son said it was full of flowers __6__ smelled so sweet and that he had __7__ seen such beautiful scenery. The last son disagreed __8__ all of them, saying it was filled with fruits, full of life and content.
The man told his four sons that they were all correct, but they only saw the tree in a season. He taught them that the value of __9__ person could only be measure when all the seasons were over.
If you give up in winter, you __10__ (miss) the hope of spring, the beauty of summer, and the harvest of autumn in your life.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位父亲让四个儿子分别在不同的季节去看同一颗梨树的故事，告诉我们：不要太快的对一件事做出决断，要全面的考虑。
1．asking　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词形式。又因主语he与ask之间为主动关系，故应填现在分词作状语。
2．separately　考查副词。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。
3．youngest　考查形容词比较级。共四个儿子，此处是最后一个，指年纪最小的那个儿子。
4．to describe　考查非谓语动词。他们回来之后被叫到一起来描述他们的所见。此处为不定式作目的状语。
5．bent　考查形容词。 根据前面的was和and后的ugly可以知道，此处需要填形容词作表语。
6．which/that　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词flowers，并在从句中作主语，故填which/that。
7．never　考查副词。 根据语境可知，此处表示他从来没见过这么漂亮的景色。
8．with　考查介词。disagree with ... “不同意(某人的意见或观点)”，为固定短语。
9．a　考查冠词。此处表示泛指，指一个人的价值，故应填a。
10．will miss　考查动词的时态。if条件从句用的是一般现在时，根据“主将从现”原则，主句应用一般将来时。
语法填空模拟检测(三)
(共3篇，限时35分钟)
A
(2018·宁波市模拟)A CCTV history program that mixes documentaries and drama with variety shows in __1__ hope of promoting the protection of prized cultural legacies (遗产) has become a hit. National Treasure is the first Chinese TV program __2__ (take) this unique approach. It consists of 10 episodes (集) airing on Sundays on Channel Three of CCTV.
Each episode exhibits three of the __3__ (fine) cultural treasures in China, each presented by a celebrity (名人) and an expert who __4__ (act) as “national treasure keepers”. The treasure keepers tell the stories behind the pieces and uncover the mysteries that surround them. Yu Lei, __5__ is the producer and director of the show, said, “The show presents the treasures through different artistic methods, and tries to make sense of the stories and history behind each treasure, so that audiences can come to appreciate not only their beauty, but also their cultural __6__ (significant)．”
Nine major museums are participating, __7__ (range) from The Palace Museum to Liaoning Provincial Museum. As for the treasures’ selection criteria, Yu said the show tries to take __8__ account historical, artistic and scientific values. “The pieces featured on the show are __9__ (possible) not all the so­called representative pieces in these museums, but they should represent some historic periods and reflect an important point in history.”
The roles of national treasure keepers in the first episode __10__ (play) by Tony Leung Ka­fai, Li Chen and Wang Kai on December 3, 2017. Yu said the crew hopes to reach more people by using these famous actors.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最近风靡中国的电视节目——《国家宝藏》。
1．the　考查冠词。in the hope of ...“希望……”，是固定搭配。
2．to take　考查非谓语动词。《国家宝藏》是第一个采用这种特别的方法的中国电视节目。当名词前有序数词修饰时，其后往往用不定式作后置定语，故填to take。
3．finest　考查形容词最高级。每一集展出中国最好的文化宝藏中的三个。根据语境和句子结构可知，此处应用形容词的最高级形式。
4．act　考查主谓一致。act在从句中作谓语，主语是who，指代先行词a celebrity (名人) and an expert，表示复数意义，从句谓语用复数形式，故填act。
5．who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Yu Lei，指人，且在从句中作主语，故用who引导该从句。注意：此处不可以用that，因为that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
6．significance　考查名词。根据空前的形容词性物主代词their可知，空处应用所给词的名词形式significance“重要性，意义”。
7．ranging　考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词短语作状语，range与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用range的现在分词形式。
8．into　考查介词。这个节目努力把历史价值、艺术价值和科学价值考虑进来。take ... into account ＝ take into account ... “把……考虑进来”。
9．possibly　考查副词。空处修饰谓语，应该用副词possibly “可能”。
10．were played　考查动词的时态和语态。根据句中所给的时间状语“on December 3, 2017”可知，本句要用一般过去时；主语The roles与play“扮演”之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。
B
(2018·衢州二中高考适应性考试)The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys growing __1__ (popular) in the international world of high fashion. The name “cheongsam” __2__ (mean) simply “long dress” entered the English vocabulary from the dialect of China’s Guangdong Province. In other parts of the country including Beijing, however, it __3__ (know) as “qipao”， which has a history behind it.
After the early Manchu (满族的) rulers came to China, the Manchu women wore __4__ (normal) a one­piece dress which came to be called “qipao”. __5__ the 1911 Revolution ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty, the female dress survived the political change and, with later improvements, has become the traditional dress for Chinese women.
The cheongsam, __6__ neck is high, collar closed, fits well the Chinese female figure, and its sleeves may be either short, medium or full __7__ (long), depending on seasons or tastes. In addition, it is not too complicated __8__ (make). Nor __9__ it need too much material. Another beauty of the cheongsam is that it can be worn either __10__ casual or formal occasions. In either case, it creates an impression of simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要对中国的特色服装——旗袍做了简要说明。
1．popularity　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作enjoys的宾语，故填popularity，且popularity为不可数名词。
2．meaning　考查非谓语动词。空处和句子谓语entered之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词。因为空处和句子主语The name “cheongsam”之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。
3．is known　考查动词的时态和语态。此处是对客观情况的一般性描述，应用一般现在时；it与know之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。
4．normally　考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词normally修饰动词wore，在句子中作状语。
5．Although/Though/While　考查连词。根据语境可知，上下句之间表示逻辑上的让步关系，故用连词Although/Though/While引导让步状语从句。
6．whose　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作定语，应用whose。
7．length　考查名词。由空前的形容词full可知，空处应用名词length。
8．to make　考查固定用法。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定用法：too ...to do sth.意为“太……而不能做某事”。
9．does　考查倒装句。否定副词置于句首，句子要部分倒装，即助动词放在主语之前；由本段的时态可知，应用一般现在时，故填does。
10．on　考查介词。on ...occasion意为“在……场合下”，为固定搭配，故用介词on。
C
(2018·浙江省名校协作体联考)Lao Gan Ma Food Company __1__ (found) in Guiyang in Guizhou Province in 1984.Its creator, Tao Huabi, __2__ face appears on each bottle of the chili (红辣椒) oil, has recently drawn public attention again.Nearly every Chinese person knows Lao Gan Ma, a __3__ (high) popular chili oil that hit the shelves in 1996.Often, __4__ (use) in a terrible dish, a small spoon of Lao Gan Ma can save the dish and turn it into something __5__ (taste)．
Lao Gan Ma found its way into supermarkets not only in China, but also in foreign __6__ (country) where it also has many followers.On Amazon.com, Lao Gan Ma is rated 4.9 out of 5 stars.Many foreigners claim that Lao Gan Ma is __7__ best chili sauce they have ever tasted.“I’ve ordered this six pack multiple times.I’m ordering another box today.You can try it on any vegetables or meats，” user AJ Lawrence remarked.
Tao started her business at the age of 50, basing her recipe __8__ traditional chili oil from Guizhou.Like Gree’s president Dong Mingzhu, who also started her business career much __9__ (late) than her peers, Tao is a good example to young people, especially women, attempting __10__ (achieve) their dreams.
语篇解读：“老干妈”牌辣椒调味料在国内外受到了很多人追捧，其创始人陶华碧50岁才开始创办这个品牌，和陶华碧一样，董明珠也是比同龄人起步晚，但也取得了成功。
1．was founded　考查动词的时态和语态。由时间状语“in 1984”可知，事情发生在过去，应用过去时；又因为found与主语之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。所以用was founded。
2．whose　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tao Huabi，并在从句中作face的定语，所以用whose。
3．highly　考查副词。空处修饰后面的形容词popular，需要用副词，故用highly。
4．used　考查非谓语动词。被用在一盘做得很糟糕的菜上，一勺老干妈也能把它变成美味。a small spoon of Lao Gan Ma和use之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。
5．tasty　考查形容词。空处修饰something，需用形容词tasty，意为“美味的”。
6．countries　考查名词复数。 country为可数名词，根据语境，此处为在多个国家，故应用复数形式。
7．the　考查冠词。老干妈被认为是最好的辣椒调味品。修饰最高级，应用定冠词the。
8．on　考查介词。 base ... on ... “以……为基础”，为固定搭配。
9．later　考查形容词比较级。此处指董明珠创业比她的同伴起步晚。由空后的than可知，此处需要用比较级。
10．to achieve　考查非谓语动词。 attempt to do sth.“想要做某事，试图做某事”，故应填动词不定式。



语法填空模拟检测(四)
(共3篇，限时35分钟)
A
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years __1__ (long) than non­runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long __2__ (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of __3__ (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it __4__ (be) more effective at lengthening life __5__ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 __6__ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all __7__ (cause)．
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to __8__ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always __9__ (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give __10__ a try.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了跑步给我们的健康带来的益处，号召我们尝试一下跑步这种运动方式。
1．longer　考查副词的比较级。由空格后的“than”可知应用比较级，故填long的比较级longer。
2．to see　考查非谓语动词。此句意为“你不必跑得很快，也不必跑很长时间就见到效果”，不定式短语“to see the benefit”作目的状语。
3．dying　考查非谓语动词。reduce one’s risk of ... “降低某人……的风险”，此处介词of后接动词时要用其动名词形式。
4．is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上下文语境可知这里应用一般现在时；又因为主语it是第三人称单数形式，故谓语动词用is。
5．than　考查连词。根据句中的比较级“more effective”并结合语境可知，这里是把running与walking, cycling or swimming进行比较，故填than。
6．that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰先行词“a study”，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词that/which。
7．causes　考查名词复数。cause表示“原因，起因”时是可数名词，且前面有all修饰，故填cause的复数形式。
8．strengthen　考查动词。此处to为不定式符号，在句中作目的状语，故填strength的动词形式strengthen。
9．energetic　考查形容词。连系动词is后应接形容词作表语，故填energy的形容词形式energetic。
10．running/it　考查名词或代词。此处号召我们尝试一下跑步这种运动，因此可以填名词running，也可以用it指代。give sth. a try“尝试某事”。
B
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country __1__ (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over __2__ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is __3__ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice __4__ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water __5__ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased __6__ (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total __7__ (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government __8__ (start) a soil­testing program __9__ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while __10__ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。中国近年来根据人们的膳食变化调整农作物种植结构，为全球生态环境保护做出了贡献。
1．has grown　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由时间状语“since 2011”可知句子用现在完成时；主语“the country”是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用has grown。
2．the　考查冠词。over the past 25 years“在过去的25年里”。
3．actually　考查副词。此处表示“对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因”。修饰谓语动词is应用副词形式actually。
4．to improve　考查非谓语动词。此处表示“政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻来改善水质”，故用不定式作目的状语。
5．than　考查连词。由句中的比较级less可知，此处将玉米和水稻的用水量进行比较，故填than。
6．pollution　考查名词。decrease“降低，减少”，后接名词作宾语，故填pollution。
7．global　考查形容词。修饰名词短语“fertilizer consumption”应用形容词，故填global。
8．started　考查动词的时态。由时间状语“between 2005”可知事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填started。
9．that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰先行词“a soil­testing program”，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
10．feeding　考查非谓语动词。此处表示“中国在养活中国人民的同时又保护了环境……”。主语China与feed之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用“连词＋现在分词”形式作状语。
C
I’m not sure __1__ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face­to­face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at __2__ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400­pound male appears. He screams the __3__ (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid __4__ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel __5__ (challenge)．
My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a __6__(science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching __7__ these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find __8__ (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal __9__ (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: “I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder！” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me __10__ (stay) and watch.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在中非共和国森林里偶遇一个大猩猩家庭以及由此引发的彼此的反应和交流。
1．who　考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定谁更害怕，是我还是那只不知从何处突然蹦出来的雌性大猩猩。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，表示“谁”，故填who。
2．the　考查冠词。固定短语at the top of“在……的顶部”，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。
3．loudest　考查副词最高级。由空前的the以及空后的“of all”可知要用副词的最高级。
4．looking　考查非谓语动词。此处表示“我迅速低下头避免和它直视，以便它不会感到受到挑战”。avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”。avoid后面常接动名词作宾语。
5．challenged　考查形容词。连系动词feel后要接形容词作表语。challenged “受到挑战的”；challenging “困难的，富有挑战性的”。由语境可知，应填challenged。
6．scientist　考查名词。由空后的who可知，定语从句的先行词是表示人的名词，且空前由a修饰，故填scientist“科学家”。
7．for　考查介词。search for“寻找，搜寻”，为固定搭配。
8．them　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处作find的宾语，故要用人称代词的宾格。故填them。
9．meant　考查动词的时态。由语境可知，此处事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时态。
10．to stay　考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，为固定搭配。


语法填空模拟检测(五)
(共3篇，限时35分钟)
A
(2018·宁波市高三上学期期末)Switzerland is famous __1__ its watches. However, this country didn’t invent the watch. It was the British who did it. Here is a story of how the watch __2__ (bring) to Switzerland.
Many years ago, __3__ Englishman travelled to Italy and on his way he stopped in a small town __4__ (call) Geneva in Switzerland. This Englishman travelled in a carriage inside which there was a carriage watch. This was the __5__ (early) kind of watch. A Blacksmith happened to see the watch. He wondered what it was __6__ asked the Englishman about it. “It is a carriage watch，” answered the man. “This machine can tell the time but now __7__ isn’t working.” At once the man offered to try repairing it. So the __8__ (travel) handed him the watch. The man was very clever. It was easy for him __9__ (repair) it. He even remembered how it was made. And he made a watch of __10__ (exact) the same type.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了瑞士虽然以手表而闻名于世，但手表却是英国人发明的，后来被带到瑞士的。
1．for　考查介词。be famous for是固定搭配，意为“以……而著称”。故填for。
2．was brought　考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，这里有一个故事，讲的是手表是如何被带到瑞士的。故事讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，且bring这一动作与主语“the watch”之间构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动式。故填was brought。
3．an　考查冠词。根据上下文语境可知，此处“Englishman”是第一次提到的名词，且表示泛指，应用不定冠词；且Englishman的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。
4．called　考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，一个英国人去意大利，途中他留宿在瑞士一个叫作Geneva的小镇。因为call与“Geneva”之间为被动关系，所以此处应用call的过去分词形式构成分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词town。故填called。
5．earliest　考查形容词最高级。根据语境及空格前的“the”可知，此处应用最高级，表示这是最早款式的表。故填earliest。
6．and　考查连词。根据语境可知，他想知道这是什么东西，并向这个英国人询问，应用连词and连接。故填and。
7．it　考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指代上文提到的“This machine”，是同类同物。故填it。
8．traveller/traveler　考查名词。根据语境可知，这个旅行者把表递给了他。此句中缺少主语，且主语是指人的名词。故填traveller/traveler。
9．to repair　考查非谓语动词。该空考查句型“It’s＋形容词＋for sb. to do sth.”，意为“某人做某事……”。故填to repair。
10．exactly　考查副词。句意：他制作了一款完全一样的表。此处应用exact的副词形式修饰形容词短语“of the same type”。故填exactly。
B
(2018·七彩联盟高三上学期期中考试)
China has once again showed its ability to change the world with its “four great new __1__ (invent)” — high­speed rail, electronic payment, shared bicycle, and online shopping.
China’s new­generation high­speed train, the Fuxing Hao, is now one of the __2__ (fast) trains in the world, which can travel at a speed of 350 km/h. Besides high­speed rail, China __3__ (improve) people’s lives in many other innovative ways over the last decade.
Bike sharing, for example, is not new itself. But China has made __4__ much more convenient and popular both in China __5__ overseas. The leading Chinese bike­sharing companies Mobike and Ofo are now operating in foreign countries such as Singapore and Britain.
And back in China, when riding a shared bike, you can stop __6__ (buy) and eat whatever you want __7__ (simple) with a tap on your phone. You could easily pay with your smartphone by __8__ (scan) the seller’s QR code. Cashless payment has grown into a __9__ (choose) for Chinese people — even a pancake seller is using Alipay.
As for Alipay, it was designed to serve the online shopping at first, __10__ is now the most ways to make purchases in China. You can buy anything you need without leaving your homes.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的“新四大发明”。
1．inventions　考查名词。前面有four great new修饰，应用名词的复数形式，故填inventions。
2．fastest　考查形容词的最高级。根据后面的比较范围in the world可知，这里应用最高级形式。
3．has improved　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。over the last decade表示“在过去十年”，常和现在完成时连用；又因主语是China，故用has improved。
4．it　考查代词。这里it指代前面的Bike sharing，充当动词made的宾语。
5．and　考查连词。both ... and ...为固定搭配，表示“两者都……”。
6．to buy　考查非谓语动词。stop to do sth.表示“停下来去做另一件事”，这里表示停下共享单车去买东西吃，故用不定式充当宾语。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”。
7．simply　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰with介词短语，故用所给词的副词形式。
8．scanning　考查非谓语动词。空处作介词by的宾语，故用动名词形式。
9．choice　考查名词。冠词a后面应用所给动词的名词形式。
10．which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，修饰先行词online shopping，故填which。

C
(2018·嘉兴市高三基础测试)For Nigel Portman, a love of travelling began with what’s called a “gap year”. In common with many other British teenagers, he chose __1__ (take) a year out before settling down to study for his degree.After doing various __2__ (job) to raise some money, he left home to gain some experience of life in different cultures, visiting America and Asia.The more adventurous the young person, the __3__ (great) the challenge they are likely to set __4__ (them) for the gap year, and for some, like Nigel, it can result in a thirst for adventure.
Now that his university course __5__ (come) to an end, Nigel is just about to leave on a three­year trip that will take him right around the world.What’s more, he plans to make the whole journey __6__ (use) only means of transport which are powered by natural energy.In other words, he will be relying __7__ (main) on bicycles and his own legs; and when there’s an ocean to cross, he won’t be taking a shortcut (捷径) __8__ flying aboard — he’ll be joining the crew of a sailing ship, instead.
As well as doing some mountain climbing along __9__ way, Nigel hopes to pass on to the people he meets the environmental message __10__ lies behind the whole idea.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了一个大学生利用“间隔年”去旅行，以实际行动倡议环保的故事。
1．to take　考查非谓语动词。choose to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”，故用不定式作宾语。
2．jobs　考查名词复数。job是可数名词，且根据其前的定语various可知，此处应用复数形式，表示“各种工作”。
3．greater　考查形容词比较级。根据固定句型the more ..., the more ...“越……，就越……”可知，此处用形容词比较级。
4．themselves　考查代词。喜欢冒险的年轻人很可能给他们自己设置更大的间隔年挑战。此处与they呼应，故用反身代词作宾语。
5．has come　考查动词的时态。now that是连词，引导状语从句，意为“既然”，由此可知事情已经发生，应用完成时，且与语境中的is呼应，故用现在完成时。
6．using　考查非谓语动词。动词use和主语he之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处用现在分词短语作伴随状语。
7．mainly　考查副词。此处修饰谓语will be relying，应用副词形式，故填mainly。
8．by/through　考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“以……方式/方法”，与上文中的“only means of transport”呼应，故用介词by/through。
9．the　考查冠词。along the way为固定搭配，意为“在……过程中”，故用定冠词。
10．that/which　考查定语从句。此处用that/which引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，修饰先行词“the environmental message”。


语法填空模拟检测(六)
(共3篇，限时35分钟)
A
(2018·金丽衢十二校联考)Mr.James owns a company.He put an __1__(advertise) in a newspaper for a boy to work in his office.Out of nearly fifty people __2__ came to apply, the man selected one and dismissed __3__ others.
“I would like to know，” said a friend, “the reason you preferred that boy, who brought neither a single letter, __4__ a single recommendation.”
“You are wrong，” said the gentleman.“He had many.He wiped his feet at the door and closed the door behind him, __5__ (mean) that he was careful.He gave his seat immediately to an old man, showing that he was kind and __6__ (thought)．He took off his cap when he came in and answered my questions quickly, showing that he was a polite gentleman.Everyone else stepped over the book that I __7__ (put) on the floor purposely.He picked __8__ up and placed it on the table, and he waited quietly for his turn instead of pushing and crowding.When I talked to him, I noticed his tidy clothing, his __9__ (neat) brushed hair, and his clean finger mails.Can’t you see that these are excellent recommendations? I considered them to be more significant than __10__ (letter)．”
Hearing the words, the friend nodded in agreement.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述男孩在应聘过程中的表现，说明了有很多好的品质会在一个人平时的行为中体现出来。
1．advertisement　考查名词。由空前的冠词an可知，此处用advertise的名词形式。
2．who/that　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，并在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
3．the　考查冠词。James录取了一个，解散了其他应聘者。the others“其他应聘者”。
4．nor　考查固定搭配。neither ... nor ... “既不……也不……”，是固定搭配。
5．meaning　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应填非谓语动词，再结合语境可知，此处应用现在分词作状语。
6．thoughtful　考查形容词。空处与kind并列作表语，故应用形容词。
7．had put　考查动词的时态。此处指“我”早先故意放在地上的书本。put表示的动作发生在stepped over这个过去动作之前，表示过去的过去，故应用过去完成时。
8．it　考查代词。此处指前面提过的那本书，用it来代替。
9．neatly　考查副词。修饰形容词，应用副词形式。
10．letters　考查名词复数。此处指那些推荐信，因为不止一封，故应用复数形式。
B
(2018·宁波市上学期期末)Visiting Xi’an was once my dream.It became a reality when I was admitted to a training course in China along with two other __1__ (lady)．Finally, the day arrived __2__ I landed at Xianyang International Airport in early August.As soon as I landed, I __3__ (feel) a change in the atmosphere.I saw people standing in queues __4__ (wait) for their turn at the immigration desk.Afterwards, we were transported to the office in the International Exhibition Center.China had invited participants __5__ twenty­three developing countries to share digital television broadcasting techniques with them.
In my 20 days in Xi’an, I got the opportunity to observe Chinese culture closely, __6__ thus it left an unforgettable mark on me.Now, Xi’an is like my second home.Since I came back to Pakistan, I have been missing Xi’an __7__ (bad)．
My 20­day stay in Xi’an was __8__ great experience.It was a learning opportunity, and also a chance to __9__ (broad) my understanding of diversity.I learned that despite differences of colors, heights, races and religions, all human beings __10__ (tie) by the bond of humanity, and that the future of nations is global with development and peace.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过去西安参加一个培训课程，增加了对中国文化的了解，并感叹文化是不分国界和种族的。
1．ladies　考查名词复数。数词two后应接可数名词的复数形式，故填ladies。
2．when　考查状语从句。句意：八月初，当我降落到咸阳国际机场时，那一天终于到来了。设空处引导时间状语从句，故填when。
3．felt　考查动词的时态。根据从句时态提示词“landed”并结合语境可知，主句也应用一般过去时，故填felt。
4．waiting　考查非谓语动词。此处为“see＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构，people与wait之间为主动关系，且wait表示的动作正在进行，要用现在分词作宾补，故填waiting。
5．from　考查介词。设空处表示“来自……”，故填介词from。
6．and　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，句中不缺少成分，且空格前后是两个并列分句，故填and。
7．badly　考查副词。修饰谓语动词have been missing应用副词，故填badly。
8．a　考查冠词。experience作“经历”讲时，是可数名词，因此此处用不定冠词表示泛指。故填a。
9．broaden　考查动词。不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填broaden，意为“增长；扩大”。
10．are tied　考查动词的时态和语态。主语human beings与谓语动词tie之间为被动关系，且主语是复数，故填are tied。
C
(2018·浙大附中全真模拟)In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back as far as 7,000 years.As early as the Shang Dynasty, bamboo was used in ancient people’s daily lives.It was used for food, clothing, housing, transportation, __1__ (music) instruments and even weapons.
The __2__ (apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling.In 251 BC, Li Bing, in Sichuan, __3__ (lead) the local people to build the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigation network in the world, in which bamboo played __4__ important role.The world’s oldest water pipe was also __5__ (make) of bamboo.During the Han Dynasty, the people in Sichuan __6__ (success) sank a 100­metre­deep well with thick bamboo ropes.This technology did not spread to Europe __7__ the 19th century, and it was by using the technology __8__ the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.
In Chinese culture, bamboo is well­known as __9__ of the “four gentlemen” in plants.To many distinguished men, bamboo is a symbol of goodness and honesty.It is always closely related to people of positive spirits.When __10__ (face)tough situations, people are encouraged to hold on by the effect of bamboo culture.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。竹子，无论是过去还是现在，在中国都被广泛地应用于各个领域，也被誉为是中国植物界中的“四君子”之一，是诚实品质的象征。
1．musical　考查形容词。修饰名词，应用形容词作定语。musical instruments“乐器”。
2．application　考查名词。由空格前面的The可知，空处应填名词，apply的名词为application。
3．led　考查动词的时态。由时间状语“In 251 BC”可知，讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。
4．an　考查冠词。 play an important part/role“扮演一个重要的角色，起重要的作用”。
5．made　考查被动语态。be made of ... “由……制成的”，为固定短语。
6．successfully　考查副词。 空处修饰动词sank，应用副词形式，所以填successfully。
7．until　考查连词。 not ... until“直到……才……”。
8．that　考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句型，故应填that。
9．one　考查代词。 one of the “four gentlemen”竹子在中国被誉为植物界中的“四君子”之一。
10．facing　考查非谓语动词。people和face之间为主动关系，故用facing。