中考英语一轮复习----定语从句复习教学课件

这是一份中考英语一轮复习----定语从句复习教学课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了本课学习目标，要点预习检测，代词·，先行词，summary，Homework，注意 ，看图填句，Xinji， a city等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.了解定语从句含义、位置、结构。2.能辨认出由that, which, wh, whm, whse,when,where,why引导的定语从句，理解句子意思并学会运用。（中考考点）3. 能用定语从句句子描述身边的人或物。
在复合句中，修饰某一______或_____的从句叫定语从句。定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起“定语”的作用。被修饰说明的名词、代词叫做_______。定语从句位于先行词_________, 由“关系词”引导。
It is a bk. 2. The bk can tell the meanings f wrds.3. It is a bk which can tell the meanings f wrds.
She was the first wman.The wman wn the Nbel Prize.3. She was the first wman that wn the Nbel Prize.
1.He is an actr’s father is a very famus actin mvie star.3. He is an actr whse father is a very famus actin mvie star.
The man _________________ is Liuxiang.
wh ran (the) fastest
先行词,关系词, 从句
This is the very bk that interests me mst.
1. 连接（主句和定语从句）2. 替代（前面的先行词）3. 成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的成分）He fund the bk that he wanted.This is the car which he bught last year.
哪句是定语从句？I believe that yu are right. ( )The building that stands by the river is ur schl.（ ）Thank yu fr all the things that yu have dne fr me.（ ） He has the nly dream that is t be a teacher.（ ）He said that the news was real.（ ）
Descriptin
He is a Chinese. He plays an imprtant part in NBA.He was brn in Shanghai.Shanghai is an internatinal city.He is a gd man.Peple all like him.Peple are prud f him.He is a famus basketball player.His wife is Ye Li.He lves basketball.He plays basketball very well.
He is a Chinese. He plays an imprtant part in NBA.
He is a Chinese wh/ that plays an imprtant part in NBA.
He was brn in Shanghai.Shanghai is an internatinal city.
He was brn in Shanghai which / that is an internatinal city.
They are the students wh praised by the teacher yesterday.Tm is the nly by wh praised by the teacher yesterday.
关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。
He is a gd man.Peple all like him.Peple are prud f him.
He is a gd man whm/ that /wh peple are prud f.
He is a gd man whm / that /wh peple all like.
He lves basketball.He plays basketball very well.
He lves basketball which/that he plays very well.
whm/that/wh/省略
which/that/省略
He is a famus basketball player.His wife is Ye Li.
He is a famus basketball player whse wife is Ye Li.
The rm is mine.The rm’s windw faces suth
The rm whse windw faces suth is mine.
关系代词在从句中可以：
在下列定语从句中关系代词只能用that
1. 当先行词为everything, nthing, smething, anything, little, few, much, the ne 等不定代词时。如： This bk cntains much / little that is useful. 这本书中有很多 / 没有多少有用的东西。 I mean the ne that was bught yesterday. 我指的是昨天买的那个。
2.当先行词被all, each, few, much, every, n, sme, any 等不定代词修饰时。如： I have read all the bk that yu gave me. 我把你给我的书都看了。 There are sme jbs that men can't d very well. 有些工作男人无法做好。
3. 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。如： This is the first film that I have seen since I came here. 这是我到这里以来所看的第一部电影。 This is the biggest apple that I have ever eaten. 这是我所吃过的苹果中最大的一个。
4. 先行词既指人又指物时。如： We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schls that we had visited. 我们访问过的老师和参观过的学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。
5. 先行词被the nly, the very, the last等修饰时。如： Mary is the nly friend that I have in Australia. 玛丽是我在澳大利亚唯一的朋友。 She is the very thief that the pliceman is lking fr. 她就是警察正在寻找的那个小偷。
只用which，不用that
The rm __________ there is a machine is a wrkshp.
I have lst the pen, _____ I like very much.
* 当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用whm(指人)或which(指物)，且关系代词不能省略。
The man with whm yu talked just nw is my neighbr. I can’t find the pen with which I was writing .
* 当介词位于定语从句末尾时，不是只能用只能用whm(指人)或which(指物)，而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。
(whm/wh/that/省略)
(which/that/省略)
Dad is a persn________________ I can easily talk t.
Is this the play ___________ yu were talking abut just nw?
*在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。如：
This is the watch (that/ which/省略) I am lking fr.The babies (wh/ whm/ that/省略) the nurse is lking after are very healthy.
*先行词是the way，意为“方式，方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词用that/ in which或省略。
I didn't like the way _______________ she talked t me.
（that/in which/省略）
先行词是the reasn，引导定语从句的关系词用why
I dn’t knw the reasn ___ yu are late.
————关系副词
关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。
where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点. when: 在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。
1.The htel wasn’t clean. 2. We stayed in the htel.
The htel where we stayed wasn’t clean.The htel in which we stayed wasn’t clean.
1.I’ll never frget the day. 2. I jined the Party n that day *I’ll never frget the day when I jined the Party.*I’ll never frget the day n which I jined the Party .
The by ____________ is playing ping-png is my classmate.I hate peple ______________ talk much but d little.The wman _________________ she talks with is her e-mail _______________ I received yesterday was frm my sister. 5.What’s yur reasn ___yu stle my pen?
which/ that/省略
that/wh/whm/省略
6. The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather.7. The rm ________ we lived is clean.8. This is the huse in ________ we have lived fr 10 man t _______ I spke is a famus scientist.10.I can remember the days ______we played happily
where / in which
注意:1.关系代词做主语_______省略，做宾语一般_____省略.2.关系代词前有介词时，关系代词做宾语_______省略，且只能用_______ 不能用_______。
when/ n which
Play a guessing game.
This is my favrite friend /teacher that /wh has a lng nse.
I have a friend whse hair is shrt.
用定语从句句子描述你最喜欢的一种动物，或我们班你的一位好朋友或你最喜欢的一位老师，让其他同学猜。…which/that/wh/whm/whse…
Act an shrt play.
Make up yur wn shrt play with yur parters by using the attributive clause and shw us.用定语从句句子和你伙伴一起编排小短剧，表演给我们大家看
Gd helps thse wh help themselves. He wh laughs last laughs best.Nthing in the wrld is difficult fr ne wh sets his mind t it.
谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。
世上无难事，只怕有心人。
Guess the meaning f the fllwing prverbs 猜出下面谚语
复习本课笔记，掌握定语从句 的基本知识。
2.Write a shrt cmpsitin “My favrite teacher” by using the attributive clause.
* He wh desn’t reach the Great Wall is nt a true man .
*He wh is cntent (满足) is always happy.
The scientist wh we met yesterday is very famus whm in the wrld. that Ø
(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.
The dress which she is wearing is new. that Ø
(1) The scientist is very famus in the wrld. We met her yesterday.
练习：1. 用定语从句合并句子
(3) He is the kind persn. I have ever wrked with him.
(4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.
He is the kind persn wh I have ever wrked with. whm that Ø
This is the best film that I have ever seen. Ø
从括号中选择正确的关系代词完成句子
1.The seasn ____ fllws spring is summer. (that / wh / 不填)2. This is the museum we visited last Saturday. (that / whm / 不填)3. The by Jhn is speaking with is my brther. (which / whm/ 不填)4. The building ____ walls are white is my uncle's huse. (which / whse / 不填)
5. Will yu please lend me the bk ____ yu bught yesterday? (which / that / whse)6. The girl ____ leg was brken in the earthquake was taken t hspital. (wh / whm / whse)7. The student ____ the teacher praise at the class meeting is ur mnitr. (which / whm / whse)8. I fund sme phts f turist sites ____ were nt far away frm ur city. (which / that /不填 )
which / that
四. 介词+which/ whm引导的定语从句
1. 介词的选用原则：
根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。This is the bk n which I spent 8 dllars.This is the bk fr which I paid 8 dllars.
(2) 根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。
I remember the day n which I jined the Party.I remember the days during which I lived there.
1.Her bag ,in which she put all her mney, has been is the ring n which she spent 1000 Wang ,with whm I went t the cncert, enjyed himself very much.
2、在介词后面，指事物用 which，指人用whm.
④whse的先行词指物时，可用f which代替，但语序不同，即whse+名词 = the+名词+f which，或= f which + the + 名词。如：The nvel whse title (= the title f which或f which the title) is Red and Black is very interesting.
③ whse引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。
⑤whse的先行词指人时，可用f whm代替，但语序不同，即whse+名词 = the+名词+f whm，或= f whm + the + 名词。如：The by whse mther (= the mther f whm或f whm the mther) is a dctr is my friend.
1、在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用wh或whm.
１．He made the same mistakes again ,_____ made his parents very angry.２．Yesterday I bught a dictinary,_______ cst me mre than 100 yuan .３．Mr Smith,_______ gave a talk several mnths ag,will cme again.４．My uncle has cme back frm abrad,______ I haven’t met fr a lng time.
Fill in the blanks
有哪些情况关系代词不用that，而用which，wh，whm?
(3) whse引导的定语从句注意点
①whse引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。② whse与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。如：The bss in whse department he wrked had heard the news.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了这个消息。
1. Is that the huse ____ yu bught last year? A. where B. which2. Is that the picture ___ yu are laughing at? A. which B.where3. It is the mst interesting bk ___I’ll ever read. A. which B. that
4.The street ______is t the park is very narrw. A. where B. which5.The persn ___finds my watch will get a reward. A. wh B. when6.This is the rm __ we listened t the lecture. A. which B. where
7.The by ___mther is ill can nt cme t the party.A. wh B. whse8.Tell me the reasn ___ yu are late.A. which B. why
1. wh指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）
The man wh I talked with is ur teacher.
A persn wh steals things is called a thief.
2. whm指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省)
The man (whm/wh) I ndded t is Mr. Li.
The man t whm I ndded is Prfessr Li.
3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省 略, 如介词提前则不能省)
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recrder （which） he is using ismade in Japan.
Is this the library (which) yu brrw bks frm?
Is this the library frm which yu brrwbks?
9.He talked happily abut the men and bks_____ interested him greatly in the schl. A.which B.that C.it D.whm10. This is the huse in____ Lu Xun used t live .A that B where C whse D which
The basketball _____ I bught cst me 80 yuan. (2013年桂林） A. that B. where C. wh D. when2. My grandparents like t live in a huse _____ is nt very big but bright and cmfrtable.(2014南宁) A. that B. wh C. what D. whse3.Wh is the man ______ is reading a bk ver there? (2015年杭州) A. wh B. which C. that D. whse4.I lve peple _____ are friendly t thers.(2010) A. which B. whse C. what D. wh
中考链接 –选关系代词
5. The pliceman caught the thief ______ has stlen Mr Li’s cmputer. (2015年百色) A. which B. whse C. whm D. wh6.This is my beautiful schl____ is near the famus library. (2014年玉林) A. where B. which C. wh D. when7.Is there anything_____I can d fr yu? A.what B. that C. which D. where8. A child ______parents are dead is called an rphan. A. whse B. wh C. whm D. that7.The last place _____we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D.it
1.他是个男孩。He is a by.2.他喜欢打篮球。He likes playing basketball.3.他是个喜欢打篮球的男孩。He is a by_____ likes playing basketball.
1.她是个学生。She is a student. 2.她学习勤奋。She studies hard. 3.她是个学习勤奋的学生。She is a student_______ studies hard.
1.她是个老师。She is a teacher. 2.我喜欢她。I like her. 3.她是个我喜欢的老师。She is a teacher _______I like.
The by wh is reading needs the pen.
先行词：被修饰限定的词
关系词：引导定语从句的词
定语从句：一个句子充当定语
定语：修饰名词或代词的单词或句子，一般翻译成“…….的”。单词作定语：a blue sea a naughty by(2) 句子作定语，一般后置：She is a student that studies hard
a by， has a scar， frehead
Harry Prter is a by ____________ _____________________.
wh/that has a scar n his frehead
xinji is a city ___________________ _____.
develp fast
which /that develps fast
1.He did all / everything _______he culd t help is the very thing _______ I am talked abut the men and the things _______ we remembered at is the nly man _______ can d the is the first thing _______ I want t is the finest man _______ I have ever wrked is the man _______ spke t yu at the is the star _______ is nearest t the earth.
that , which r wh?
that , which ,whse, whm r wh?
9.Is there anything else _______ yu want t say?10.Any persn _______ has the mney can jin the ften speaks the rle he played in the play, _______ made thers pened the dr, in frnt f _______ sat a man t _______ I spke is a famus by _______ mther is dead was brught up by his father.
1.She is the teacher that I met yesterday.2. This is a schl that we will visit.3. The ld wman is lking after the children that grw strng. 4. My father is talking t the man that cmes frm Guilin.
the teacher
the children
I have an apple.
An apple is red.
I have an apple
(that is red).
修饰先行词 an apple
I like sme friends.
Sme friends like sprts.
I like frineds
(wh like sprts.
修饰先行词 friends
Discuss and cmplete the table.
But the peple in the city, ________________ _____________ went t sleep as usual that night.
It was heard in Beijing, _____________________________________
wh thught little f these events,
which is mre than 200 kilmeters away.
A huge crack ____________ _____________________________________ cut acrss huses, rads and canals.
The number f peple ____ __________________ reached mre than 400,000.
that was eight kilmeters lng and thirty meters wide
wh were killed r injured
翻译1.他指给我看他丢钱包的地方。2.我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。3.她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。
He shwed me the place where he lst his wallet.
I dn’t knw the girl whm/that yu speak t.
She is a girl wh is called Mary.
4.那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友。 Thse bys wh are playing tennis are my friends.
关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但哪些情况只能用that?
只用that，不用which
1.all, little, much, few, nne, everything, nthing, smething, anything 等不定代词作先行词或者先行词被其所修饰时； All that can be dne has been dne.2. 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时； This is the best TV that is made in China.3. 先行词前有the nly, the very, the same, the right等修饰时；4.先行词既有人也有物5.主句以which, wh, what开头的疑问句.Wh that yu have ever seen can d it better ?