小升初英语语法专项培优突破 第2章:代词(4)自身代词、相互代词
展开1) 自身代词
She was talking t herself.
她自言自语。
1.自身代词的种类
英语中自身代词是由人称代词或物主代词加后缀-self或-selves构成,有人称和数的变化,见下表:
2.自身代词的用法
a.主要用于担任同位语以加强语气,在句中的位置较灵活。
I cked it myself(=I myself cked it).
我自己亲自做的饭。
I spke t the chairman himself.
我对主席本人讲。
b.作宾语(表示动作返回到动作执行者本身,即主语和宾语是指同一个或同一些人或物)
Mary saw herself in the mirrr.
玛丽在镜子中看见了她自己。
比较
Mary saw her in the mirrr.
玛丽在镜子中看见了她。(另外一个人)
Einstein taught himself advanced maths.
爱因斯坦自学(自己教自己)高等数
c.作表语
He is nt quite himself tday.
他今天情绪有点反常。
d.介词+反身代词
Rse said t himself,“Where am I?”
罗斯自言自语,“我在哪儿呢?”
I went t the pst ffice by myself.
我一个人去邮局。(我单独地,一个人去的;没有别人帮助去的那儿。相当于alne或withut help)
比较
I went t the pst ffice myself.
我亲自去的邮局。
(强调不需要别人去,是我自己去的)
注意
自身代词的构成
第—、第二人称是:形容词性所有格+self(或selves)
myself,yurself,urselves,yurselves;
第三人称全是人称代词的宾格+self(或selves)
himself,herself,itself,themselves。
必背!
say t~self
心里想着;自言
自语
fr~self
为自己
by~self
独自地;独立
2) 相互代词
Tm and Mary lve each ther.
汤姆和玛丽彼此相爱。
1.相互代词的形式
通格(包括主格和宾格): each ther;ne anther。
所有格:each ther's;ne anther's。
2.相互代词的用法
a.宾语
They help each ther(ne anther).
他们互相帮助。
Dn't talk t each ther(ne anther).
不要互相说话。(each ther是介词t的宾语)
b.所有格形式作定语
We shuld pint ut each ther's(ne anther's) shrtcmings.
我们应该指出彼此的缺点。
They knw each ther's favurite(s).
他们彼此了解各自的爱好。
你们常通信吗?
D yu ften write t each ther?
他们现在不常见面了。
They dn't ften see each ther nw.
注意
有时,在中文字面上没有“互相”、“彼此”等字,但译成英语时要用eachther(互相、彼此)。
自身代词、相互代词 练习题
自身代词
1.Linda and I can keep secrets t ______.
A. them
B. us
C. themselves
D. urselves
【答案】D
【解析】主要考察对反身代词等知识点的理解。
2.My sn is t yung t dress _____, and it made me _____ in the mrning.
A. himself; hurried
B. him; hurried
C. himself; hurriedly
D. him; hurry
【答案】A
【解析】考查dress的用法。dress后加人,“给某人穿衣服”dress sb.,给自己穿衣服就是dress neself。
3.______ the twins enjyed ______ at the party yesterday.
A. Nne; them
B. Bth; themselves
C. All; them
D. Any; themselves
【答案】B
【解析】这对双胞胎在昨天的聚会上都玩得很开心。Bth 两者都。
4.Millie thinks mre f thers than ____, s we all like t make friends ____ her.
A. her; with
B. herself; with
C. hers; t
D. she; t
【答案】B
【解析】Millie考虑别人(的事)多于考虑自己,所以是herself。因此我们都喜欢和她做朋友。make friends with sb. 固定搭配
5.Bys and girls, did yu enjy ______ in the park yesterday?
A. yu
B. yurs
C. yurself
D. yurselves
【答案】D
【解析】yu人称代词主宾格,你,你们; yurs名词性物主代词,你们的,你的;yurself反身代词,你自己;yurselves反身代词,你们自己。句意:孩子们,你们昨天在公园玩得高兴吗?enjy neself过得快乐。结合语境可知选D。
6.— Did Linda have a gd time in Beijing?
— Yes. She enjyed ______ very much.
A.itself
B.them
C.herself
D.her
【答案】C
【解析】句意:琳达在北京玩的开心吗?是的,她玩的很愉快。enjy neself玩的开心,固定表达,故选C
7."Help ____ t sme fish." Mrs. Smith said t the children.
A. yu
B. yurself
C. yurselves
D. yurs
【答案】C
【解析】固定词组help neself t sth. 意思让某人随便吃(拿)某物,分析句子后面为children,意为史密斯先生让孩子们吃。所以用复数 选C
8.I guess Tm and his sister Celia enjyed at the party.
A. myself
B. himself
C. herself
D. themselves
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我猜汤姆和他姐姐塞丽亚在晚会上玩的很开心。myself我自己,himself他自己,herself她自己,themselves他们自己。enjy neself玩的开心。汤姆和姐姐两个人,故选D.
9.The little by is nt ld enugh t lk after ______.
A. him
B. himself
C. his wn
D. herself
【答案】B
【解析】这个小男孩还很小,不能自己照顾自己。故选B
10.Please help ______ t sme fish,girls.
A. yu
B. me
C. yurselves
D. Tm
【答案】C
【解析】句意:姑娘们,请随便吃些鱼吧。Help neself t sth表示“请随便吃些……吧”;本句中根据后面的girls可知,是对一群女孩的请求,所以表示复数,即用yurselves;故选D。
11.He learned swimming all by _____.
A. he
B. him
C. his
D. himself
【答案】D
【解析】himself,他学会了游泳全靠他自己.
12.Thse Yung Pineers can put n their cats ______.
A. themselves
B. herself
C. yurselves
D. himself
【答案】A
【解析】那些少先队员可以穿上外套。由Thse可知选themselves
13.Lei Feng always thught f ________ mre than ________.
A. ther; him
B. anther; himself
C. the thers; himself
D. thers; himself
【答案】D
【解析】李峰常考虑别人(的事)多于考虑自己,mre f thers than neself是固定搭配
14.— He is t busy t help us finish the wrk.
— Let"s d it _____.
A. itself
B. myself
C. urselves
D. himself
【答案】C
【解析】她太忙了不能帮助我们完成工作,那么就让我们自己做,我们的反身代词是urselves,故本题选C
15.They can teach ______ hw t use a cmputer.
A. theirs
B. they
C. their
D. themselves
【答案】D
【解析】句意:他们要自己学习如何使用电脑。符合要求的只有D
16.Quite a few teenagers are used t depending n their parents, s they aren’t able t lk after ______.
A. themselves
B. they
C. them
D. themself
【答案】A
【解析】句意:很多青少年习惯于依赖父母,所以他们不能照顾自己,只有A符合。
17.Cme and see fr ______ at Huaxing Clthes Stre!
A. yu
B. yur
C. me
D. yurself
【答案】D
【解析】反身代词“你自己”
18.—They are t busy t help us finish the wrk.
—Let"s d it ________.
A. herself
B. myself
C. urselves
D. itself
【答案】C
【解析】她太忙了不能帮助我们完成工作,那么就让我们自己做,我们的反身代词是urselves,故本题选C。
19.— Wh taught yu t swim?
— I ____ it ____.
A. taught; by myself
B. learned; by myself
C. learned; by neself
【答案】B
【解析】teach是及物动词,后跟人称代词时要用宾格。Learn sth by neself固定短语自
相互代词
1.They tld ______ abut their families.
A. the ther
B. with
C. anther
D. each ther
【答案】D
【解析】句意:他们相互介绍自己的家庭。each ther彼此、相互,故选D
2.We must learn frm ____.
A. ther
B. each
C. each ther
D. they
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我们必须互相学习。each ther彼此、相互,故选C
3.They ften help ___________with their husewrk.
A. with each ther
B. fr each ther
C. t each ther
D. each ther
【答案】D
【解析】help sb. with sth固定搭配
4.We haven’t seen ______ fr fur years.
A. each ther
B. the ther
C. thers
D. ther
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我们已经有四年没见到彼此了。故选A
5.He puts the fd int bags.
A. each ther
B. each ther’s
C. ne ther’s
D. ne anther
【答案】B
【解析】他把食物装进彼此的袋子里。故选B
人 称 数
单数
复数
第一人称
myself
urselves
第二人称
yurself
yurselves
第三人称
himself herself itself
themselves
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