中考英语人教总复习课件：第三部分 中考题型指导第四节 短文填空 (共48张PPT)

这是一份中考英语人教总复习课件：第三部分 中考题型指导第四节 短文填空 (共48张PPT)，共48页。PPT课件主要包含了题型突破，contents，真题分析，without，the，they，sits，easy，changes，library等内容，欢迎下载使用。

题型突破“短文填空”的考查方式是给出一段200词左右的短文，在短文中挖出10个空，要求考生通读短文，掌握大意，然后补全短文，每空一词。其中所填的单词是中考英语考纲要求掌握的四会单词，主要以实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词等)为主。
2017年短文填空没有图片，难度较往年有所加大。主要考查以下几个方面的能力：(1)对上下文的理解和把握；(2)推测句子的真正含义以及根据生活常识进行判断；(3)逻辑推理能力；(4)对习惯用法和常用搭配的掌握情况，注意本题不是单纯考查语法知识；(5)在一定的语境中考查学生的语法知识、词汇知识和语用知识等的掌握情况。
近几年短文填空有如下特点：(1)选材贴近生活。近几年均选用了通俗易懂、熟悉、地道的故事性语言材料，学生读起来容易理解故事情节。(2)考查重点突出，答案灵活。重点考查名词、动词、形容词、连词，其中对名词及动词相关时态的灵活运用考查较多，且答案多样化，充分考虑了学生思维的多样性。
(3)难度较大，得分率较低。短文填空题历年来难度最大，要求学生在读懂原文的基础上，准确填写所缺的词，同时还要注意时态、语态、词形的变化，对学生的基本功要求很高，是令学生最头痛的考题。近几年此整题的平均分仅为3.96分，是考生失分最严重的题型。
(2017·广东) 短文填空(本大题有10小题， 每小题1.5分， 共15分)请用适当的词完成下面的短文， 并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。 What will happen if a family is withut the Internet fr a mnth? One American family decides t find ut.They have sent an invitatin t a leading US televisin statin，
expecting that it will send a film grup t recrd their day-t-day life 71.__________ technlgy fr a mnth. When the film grup meet 72.__________ Smiths， they find that Mr.Smith， Mrs.Smith and their tw sns are s crazy abut technlgy that 73.__________ hardly d things tgether.At mealtimes， n ne 74.__________ at the dining table fr their fd.
“Everyne just runs int the kitchen， takes their fd and then ges back t their screen，” Mrs.Smith explains.“ 75._____________ we dn’t make a change， ur family will becme strangers t each ther!” Getting back t the nrmal life withut the Internet is nt 76._____________， especially when the Smiths lse themselves in it.They have t make many 77._________.
Fr example， the tw brthers have t g t the schl 78._________ t brrw bks fr their scientific prjects， and Mr.and Mrs.Smith need t g ut shpping because they cannt buy things the family have picked up the new lifestyle， they find that they can spend mre time talking ver meals， playing sprts and ding all 80._________ f activities tgether. Wuld they be able t g fr lng withut using the Internet after the challenge?
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了一个美国家庭为了改变一家人沉迷电子产品的现状，决定作出改变，回归没有网络的正常生活，并邀请美国一家主流电视台逐日记录他们一个月的生活。【答案详解】71.withut 考查介词。根据文章首句“What will happen if a family is withut the Internet fr a mnth?”可知这里填withut。属于词语复现。
72.the 考查冠词。the+姓氏的复数，表示“……一家人或夫妻俩”。这里指史密斯一家人。73.they 考查代词。从句中缺少主语，通读整个句子可知，这里指史密斯一家人，故填they。74.sits 考查动词。根据“At mealtimes，”可知应填sit，再根据主语是n ne，可知应填第三人称单数形式。句意：在吃饭时间，没有一个人坐在饭桌旁吃饭。
75.If 考查连词。分析前后两个句子可知这是一个条件从句，前面句子是后面句子成立的条件，故用if引导。76.easy 考查形容词。句意：回归没有网络的正常生活并不容易，尤其当史密斯一家都沉迷于网络的时候。easy容易的。77.changes 考查名词。下文的举例都是跟原来的生活不一样的地方，是他们作出的改变，故填changes。
78.library 考查名词。根据空格后面的brrw bks可知应填library。79.nline 考查副词。根据句中的cannt可知要与g ut shpping相对，再根据上文提到一家人都热衷于网络，故填nline。buy things nline网购。80.kinds 考查固定搭配。all kinds f各种各样的。
解题技巧【学习方法】一、熟记单词。包括单词的形、音、义和词性，还要记住它的同义词、反义词，同时注意词形和词性的转变。请同学们熟记每个话题训练中教材梳理和话题基础知识的词汇以及《早读材料》中的考纲单词。二、熟记短语。注意短语的固定搭配和用法。请同学们熟记每个话题训练中教材梳理和话题基础知识的短语以及《早读材料》中的考纲短语。
三、熟记句型。一定要记住句型的结构，分析句子成分。同学们要熟记教材中的重要句型。示例: 1.四个“花费” ① sb.+spend+时间/钱+n sth./(in) ding sth. ②It+takes+sb.+时间+t d sth.③物+cst+sb.+钱 ④sb.+pay+钱+fr ’s said+that+从句 据说……
3.s+形容词/副词+that+从句 如此……以至于……4.t+形容词/副词+t+V原 太……而不能……5.It’s time fr sb.t d sth. 是某人该做某事的时候了6.Let’s/Dn’t d sth. 让我们做/不要做……7.had better (nt) d sth. 最好(不)做某事
8.Why nt/Why dn’t yu d sth.? 为什么不做某事? 9.Wuld/Will/Culd yu please (nt) d sth.? 请问你(不)做某事吗?10.Hw/What abut (ding) sth.? 做某事怎么样?
四、熟记易混词辨析。能够分辨词义相近而用法不同，或形式和意思相同，但词性或用法不同的词语。同学们在平时学习中对易混词要进行归纳总结。示例：1.quite 相当 quiet 安静的 2.sweet 甜的 sweat 汗水3.later 后来 latter 后者 latest 最近的
4.abrad 国外 abard 上(船，飞机)5.chicken 鸡 kitchen 厨房 6.mnkey 猴子 dnkey 驴7.drawn(draw 的过去分词) drwn 溺水 8.alne 单独的 lnely 寂寞的9.metal 金属 medal 勋章 mdel 模特　
10.except 除外 expect 期望 accept 接受 11.flr 地板 flur 面粉 12.incident 事件 accident 意外13.March 三月， 前进 match 比赛 14.stry 故事 stre 商店
【解题方法】同学们在平时的练习中可以采用以下方法多加练习。1.阅读全文，弄清大意。快速阅读全文，掌握大意，抓住关键词语和文章的主要线索，对要填的空格做到心中有数。在解题遇到困难的时候，不要仅仅盯着这一空，而是要读下去，因为后面的信息往往有助于对前面细节的理解，从而有利于对主题思想的领悟。
2.先易后难，多方位考虑。个别空格填不出，也可以先做下面的题。做完较容易的题目之后，再集中精力思考那些难题。有的难题可能只知其意而不会写，这时要从多方位考虑。英语中一意多词表达法比较多，只要考生能根据词意填入正确的词即可。因此在明确空格词意后，可以把表达此意的有关的词在脑海中罗列出来，找出最好的和最有把握的词填进去，这样难度就大大地降低了。
3.复读全文，检查验证。做完后，通读全文，判断初定的答案能否使全文连贯流畅，内容清晰完整，情节合乎逻辑，语义和语法正确，再检查全文的人称、时态、主谓语是否一致，还要注意所填单词是否要作词形变化：如名词是否要用复数，形容词是否要用比较级，动词是否要变时态。发现问题，及时更正。
(一) Lng lng ag， there was a wise man 71._____________ William Tell in Switzerland (瑞士).He was 72._____________ as a natinal her by the peple in his cuntry. At that time， the king f the cuntry treated his peple badly.One day， the king thught f a new way t make fun f his peple.
called/named
regarded/cnsidered/treated
He put his hat n a tree and 73.___________ every passer-by t bw t it.Peple had t d this 74._____________ they didn’t dare t say n t the king. One day， when William Tell and his sn passed 75._____________ the tree， they walked past withut king was very angry and caught Tell and his sn， and put an apple n the head f his sn.
asked/frced/rdered
He said he wuld set 77._____________ free if Tell culd sht the apple dwn. Tell tk tw arrws (箭) in his hand.A secnd later， an arrw hit the apple and Tell’s sn was nt hurt at all.As Tell hugged his sn and wanted t leave， the king said， “Yu are wnderful.But tell me， 78._____________ did yu take tw arrws ut when yu nly needed ne?”Tell lked at the king and said，
“If the 79._____________ arrw had missed the apple and killed my sn， the secnd arrw wuld sht yu.”After hearing Tell’s wrds， the king was s afraid 80._____________ he didn’t dare t make fun f his peple any mre.
(二) When I was small， my mum used t give the family smething special fr meals.She nce put sme burnt bread in frnt f my my surprise， my dad just tk his bread， smiled at my mum and then turned t ask me 72.__________ my day at schl was.I’ve frgtten what I tld him that night， but I d remember watching him put sme butter n that bread.
He 73._____________ it up as usual. After dinner， my mum said srry t my dad fr burning the bread.And I will never frget what he said， “I 74._____________ burnt bread， dear.It desn’t matter at all.” That night， I asked dad if he really liked his bread burnt.He tk me in the arms and said， “Yur mum wrked very 75._____________ all day.She’s really tired.And yu see—a bit f burnt fd never 76._______ anyne!”
Nw I knw life is nt perfect.Nbdy is perfect， either.As fr me， I ften frget birthdays r sme ther special I’ve learned smething imprtant ver these years.What we really need is the understanding f each ther， whether between a 78._________ and wife， a parent and child r just between tw friends.This is 79._____ key t a happy life.
S dn’t get angry if the bread gets burnt.Remember， burnt bread never hurts anyne.Be 80.____________________ t thse arund yu and a happier life will surely cme clser t yu.
kind/friendly/thankful
(三) One cl April 22 mrning， peple started the day as usual.Yet it was nt a nrmal day.What’s s special abut April 22? The answer is simple.It is Earth Day.Peple all 71.____________ the wrld celebrate this imprtant day.The idea f having a special day t celebrate Earth began 72.___ the 1960s.Life was very different then.
Few peple talked r even thught abut the envirnment.Mst peple had n idea hw dirty ur air and water 73.__________. On April 22， 1970， twenty millin Americans 74._________ part in the first Earth Day activities.They shwed that peple really did want t d smething abut the envirnment.Since then many cuntries have passed laws t 75._____________ the air， water， land and animals.
The vehicles such as cars and buses must pass tests t make sure that they dn’t cause t 76._______ pllutin.Thanks t the laws， cars tday release (排放) abut half as many bad chemicals as cars did in 1970.As a 77.__________，the air is cleaner than it nce was. Rivers and lakes are als 78.__________ tday than befre.It’s a gd thing.
The Lianjiang River was s plluted 79._____________ rubbish was n the river！Tday， the river is cleaner.It is n lnger dirty.It’s healthy enugh fr birds， fish， and ther animals. Nw the celebratin has spread t ther cuntries.Mre than 175 cuntries celebrate it each year.We shuld 80._____________ ur best t help keep ur planet healthy.
(四) Nwadays， many peple lve traveling utside China.Mike is ne f them.He has been t many 71._____________， such as Japan， England， America and s n.But he likes America best.It was his first time t g there.And he felt really excited.It 72._____________ him many days t prepare fr the trip.
When he gt t 73._____________， he went t his hst family.His hst parents were really kind.They 74._____________ delicius fd fr him and tk him t shp.On the way t the shpping mall， he fund that the 75._____________ in America was busy.Hwever， n ne brke the traffic rules.At that time， he was busy 76._____________ games n the phne while walking.
He kncked int a by and 77.__________ by fell dwn n the flr.He thught the by wuld be 78.__________ with him.T his surprise， the by said，“It’s OK.Nt yur fault.”Mike was s shcked that he culd nt say 79._____________.
He thinks the by is mre plite than mst f us.When teenagers and sme adults have prblems with thers， they dn’t ften say srry t each ther.Instead， they fight r shut.They really need t learn t be plite and always pardn(宽容) thers.They shuld learn 80._____________ the little by.
(五) Fr many peple， it is a gd idea t keep a pet dg.Why? There are lts f 71._________ fr this.First， dgs are really cute and it’s wnderful fr wners t see them grwing up quickly and 72._________ friends with ， we can develp ur sense f duty by keeping dgs.We have t feed them， train them and play with them，
74._________ all these help us becme mre respnsible peple.Besides， yung peple can learn hw t care fr thers frm keeping dgs. On the 75._____________ hand， sme peple have pinted ut prblems with keeping a pet dg.Pet dgs create leave fur and hair n the flr， n beds and n sfas，
and they need t be washed ften.Dgs are nisy.A few dgs bark at night.This 77.____________________ peple frm getting any sleep.Nt all dgs are small number f dgs even hurt peple.What’s mre， many dg wners live in flats.They have n chice but t keep their dgs in small ，
stps/prevents/keeps
dgs need fresh air and pen spaces t run free.Finally， wning dgs can be must pay much fr dg fd and visiting the animal dctr.