专题10 时态复习课件

这是一份专题10 时态复习课件，共41页。PPT课件主要包含了现在进行时的特殊用法等内容，欢迎下载使用。

（1）构成 一般 现在时主要用动词原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，在动词原形后加-s或-es
Tm ften helps his parents d husewrk at hme.Smetimes Lucy washes her clthes herself.
（2)一般现在时的用法
1)表经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。He ften ges t schl by bike.
2) 表客观事实或普遍真理。The earth ges arund the sun.
3)在含时间和条件状语从句的复合句中如由when, if, as sn as,befre, until，nce, the mment等，用一般现在表将来，即主将从现。The mment he arrives, I’ll tell him abut it .I will g with yu as sn as I finish my wrk.
4）在某些以here，there开头的句子中用一般现在时表正在发生的动作。There ges the bell.
(5) 与一般现在时连用的时间状语表频度的副词，always, ften, usually, smetimes 等。On Sundays, n Mnday afternn , every day, every mrning, every yearOnce a year, twice a mnth, three times a week
（1）构成：用动词的过去式表示。
Last week Tm made a mdel plane with his friend Jack.
(2) 一般过去时的用法1）表过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态We visited the factry last week.
2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。When I was a child, I ften played ftball in the street.He always went t wrk by bus.
3）和一般过去时连用的时间状语last night, yesterday, last week, sme years ag, in 1995, in the past, the ther day, at that time, just nw.
（1）表将来发生的动作或存在的状态。构成：
be ging t + v.原will + v.原shall + v.原
1. be ging t +v.原，表示将来。计划打算做某事。I'm ging t buy a new cat this winter.b. 有迹象要发生的事Lk at thse black cluds. It is ging t rain.
2. shall 一般用于第一人称(we,I),表建议 Shall we g swimming tmrrw?
3. will 表有礼貌的询问对方是否愿意或表客气的邀请或命令。Will yu please lend me yur bike?还可表单纯的将来，与人的主观愿望无关。The sun will rise at 6: 30 tmrrw mrning.
4. be ding 表示将来
常用这种结构的动词有 g, cme, leave, stay, start , begin 等。表即将发生或安排好要做的事。We are leaving fr Lndn.I am cming sn.
5. be abut t+ v. 原 be t+ v. 原， 都表将来, “ 马上做某事”The train is abut t start.She is t be married next mnth.
表此时此刻正在进行的动作。 通常由表示“此刻”的时间状语（nw, at this mment），或通过Lk/Listen!这两个提示语来表明此时此刻动作正在进行。 Listen, she is singing a sng.
2.现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。They are studying hard this term.
3. g, leave, arrive, return, start, begin 用现在进行表将来。I am ging t Beijng this Sunday.
现在进行时往往与cnstantly, always, frever cntinually, all the time等状语连用， 表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，带有“厌恶”、“赞叹”等感情色彩 She's cnstantly cmplaining. 。He is frever thinking f ding mre fr the students.
构成形式：主+ has/ have +dne常被称为“与现在有联系的过去”，因此它不能与明确的过去时间状语连用。（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响.The temperature has increased by 10℃. （结果：It is quite ht nw.） Air pllutin has taken the lives f many peple. （结果：Air pllutin is very serius nw.） -----Have yu fund yur lst pen yet? ----- N, I haven’t fund it yet.
2）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在.（还有可能持续下去）常与 fr + 时间段， since+ 时间点 连用， 多为延续性动词。 We have lived here since 2000.
I haven’t watched TV fr tw weeks.
句型：(1) 主语+have dne +since句（过去时）We have lived here since 2000. My aunt has taught English since she came t the schl. (2) It is/ has been + 一段时间+ since从句（过去时）It is five years since he jined the army.(3) This/ It is the first/ +that从句This is the first time that I have cme here.
几个副词在现在完成时的用法
1）just “刚刚” ，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。He has just cme back frm Beijing.2) ever “曾经“ ， 用疑问句或否定句中，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。Have yu ever been t Shanghai .3) never “从来没有”， 常与befre 连用，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。I have never traveled by plane befre.
4)befre “以前“，总放在句末，不受句型限制。I haven’t heard f it befre.5)already “已经” 用于肯定句，常放在助动词与过去分词之间，也可放句末。I have already finished my hmewrk.6） yet 用疑问句中意为“已经”,用否定句中表“还”， 常放句末。She has nt gne t bed yet.
延续性和非延续动词用法
我离开学校已经八年了。
误：I’ve left this schl fr eight years.
正：I’ve been away frm this schl fr eight years.
他借用我的词典已两天了。
误：He has brrwed my dictinary fr tw days.
正：He has kept my dictinary fr tw days.
（1）一件事情发生在过去，而另一件事先于它发生（表“过去的过去”）发生在前的事情的动词用过去完成。I had learnt 5000 wrds befre I entered the university.Befre he slept, he had wrked fr 12 hurs.（2）表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一时间的动作，常用的时间状语有：until/ by/ befre/ by the end f +“表过去的某一时间”。By the end f last year we had built five new huses.
（3）在tld, said, knew, heard, thught等动词后的宾语从句。She said (that) she had never been t Paris.
（4）表示意向的动词，如hpe, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppse等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…“We had hped that yu wuld cme, but yu didn't.
一般过去时与现在完成时之比较1）一般过去时是一种过去时态，侧重于表示过去的动作，与现在无关，强调动作；现在完成时是与现在有关的时态，属现在时态范畴；强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。请大家认真分析比较下列各例句：I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）I have seen this film. 强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。
2）连用的时间状语不同：与现完：already, yet, still, just, s far, in the last/ past（years…), befre, ever, never, since, fr等。◎ 一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday, last week，…ag, in1980, in Octber, just nw等。
Father bught that watch ten years ag.Have yu ever picked flwers in the park?
知识扩展：不用进行时的动词1) 事实状态的动词。如：have, belng, pssess, cst, we, exist, include, cntain, matter, weigh, measure, cntinueI have tw brthers.This huse belngs t my sister.
2) 心理状态的动词。如：knw, realize, think see, believe, suppse, imagine, agree, recgnize, remember, want, need, frget, prefer, mean, understand, lve, hateI need yur help.He lves her very much.3) 瞬间动词。如：accept, receive, cmplete, finish, give, allw, decide, refuse.I accept yur advice.
4) 系动词。如：seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, becme, turnYu seem a little tired.
过去进行时形式：主+were /was +ding过去进行时的主要用法： 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作常用的时间状语有：this mrning, the whle mrning, all day yesterday, frm nine t ten last eveningMy brther fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.It was raining when they left the statin.When I gt t the tp f the muntain, the sun was shining.
Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep. read; was falling was reading; fell C. was reading; was fallingD. read; fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while，意为"当……之时"。句意为 "在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell (fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。
（1） 从过去某一段时间看将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于宾从中，谓语由“wuld+v.原”。
He said he wuld buy sme fruit fr his sister.He asked when the meeting wuld end.
(2)表示曾经打算或准备要做的动作；或表有某种要发生某事。用 were/was ging t + v.原.
I thught it was ging t rain sn.They were ging t start a new jb when I saw them then.
(3) g, cme, leave, arrive, start 用过去进行时表过去按计划即将发生的事。
He said he was cming this evening.
2. have been t ,have gne t 与have been in 三种结构的区别
have been t 过去曾经去过某地，现已回来have gne t 已去了某地，现在还没回来have been in 已在某地（待了多久） 该地小地点用 at, 大地点用in。