人教版初中英语八年级上册Unit10 知识清单 习题 （含答案）

这是一份人教版初中英语八年级上册Unit10 知识清单 习题 （含答案），共6页。
meeting n会议;集会,会面
vide n.录像带;录像
rganize v.＝ (rganise)组织;筹备
chclate n.巧克力
upset adj.难过;失望;沮丧
taxi n.出租汽车;的士
advice n.劝告;建议
travel v.＆n.旅行;游历
agent n.代理人;经纪人
expert n.专家
teenager n.(13～19岁的)青少年
nrmal adj.正常的:一般的
unless cnj.除非;如果不
certainly adv.无疑;肯定;当然;行
wallet n.钱包
mile n. 英里
angry adj.发怒的;生气的
understanding adj善解人意的;体谅人的
careless adj粗心的;不小心的
mistake n.错误;失误
himself prn.他自己
careful adj小心的;细致的;精心的;慎重的
advise v.劝告;建议
slve v.解决;解答
step n.步;步骤
trust v.相信;信任
experience n.经验,经历
halfway adj;＆adv.在中途;部分地做(或达到)
else adv.别的;其他的
二．常考短语、用法
g t the party去参加聚会
have a great/gd time玩得开心
stay at hme待在家里
take the bus乘公共汽车
have a class meeting开班会
half the class一半的同学
at the party在聚会上
rder fd订购食物
ptat chips炸土豆片;炸薯条
be angry with sb.生某人的气
give sb. sme advice给某人提一些建议
travel arund the wrld环游世界
make( a lt f) mney赚(许多)钱
get an educatin接受教育
wrk hard努力工作
keep… t neself 保守秘密
in life在生活中
be angry at/abut sth.因某事生气
in the end最后;终于
make mistakes犯错误
in the future在将来
run away frm逃避;回避(某种困难)
in half分成两半
slve a prblem解决问题
get advice frm从……获得建议
ask sb. t d sth.要求某人做某事
give sb.sth.给某人某物
tell sb. t d sth.告诉某人做某事
t... t d sth.太……而不能做某事
be afraid t d sth.害怕做某事
advise sb. t d sth.劝告某人做某事
It’s best(nt) t d sth.最好(不)做某事。
need t d sth.需要做某事
be halfway t ding sth.完成某事的一半/部分
基本句型
1. If yu g t the party, yu'll have a great time!
2. What will happen if they have the party tday?
3. Shuld we ask peple t bring fd?
4. Unless we talk t smene, we'll certainly feel wrse
5. Sme peple believe the wrst thing is t d nthing.
6. What d yu think I shuld d? Can yu give me sme advice?
7.It is best nt t run away frm ur prblems.
8.In English, we say that sharing a prblem is like cutting it in half
四、重点语法
（一）if引导的条件状语从句
1.if意为“如果”，表示正面条件，引导条件状语从句，既可放在主句前面，也可放在主句后面。若if条件句放在句首,从句后面要加逗号与主句隔开。
If yu g there, I'll g, t 如果你去那儿，我也会去。
My mther will take me t the park if she is free我妈妈如果有空，就会带我去公园
当if引导的从句为否定句时，可以用 unless （如果不…,除非）转化。
If yu dn't wrk hard, yu will fail = Unless yu wrk hard, yu will fail你若不努力工作，就会失败。
2.时态运用
在含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中，主句有下列情况之一时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来意义。
(1)主句是一般将来时。（主将从现）
If he cmes, he will bring his vilin 他如果来，就会带来他的小提琴。
(2)主句谓语含有情态动词may/ might/can/must/ shuld等（主情从现）
If we start nw, we can finish the wrk n time. 我们如果现在开始，就可以按时完成工作。
(3)主句是祈使句。（主祈从现）
Wrk hard if yu want t get gd grades 你如果想取得好成绩，就要努力学习。
3.句型转换
(1)借助“祈使句+ and/r+句子(一般将来时)”这一句型来转换。
其中，在句意上and表示顺承;r表示转折，意为”否则”。
If yu study hard, yu'll pass the exam easily = Study hard and yu'll pass the exam easily
努力学习，你将很容易通过考试。
(2)借助 withut或with来转换条件状语从句。
If there is n water, fish will die=Fish will die withut water.如果没有水，鱼将会死。
If yu help me, I'll finish the wrk sn= With yur help, I'll finish the wrk sn 如果你帮助我，我将很快完成工作。
（二）shuld的用法
1.用法： shuld为情态动词，意为“应该;应当”，不可单独作谓语，后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。否定形式shuld nt，可缩写成shuldn’t。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求和义务等。
(1) shuld意为“应该”，表示劝告或建议。
Yu shuld stp playing cmputer games 你应该停止玩电脑游戏。
(2) shuld表示要求或命令。
Yu shuldn’t fight with yur classmate 你不应该和同学打架。
(3) shuld表示预测或可能。（=prbably）
His schlbag shuld be in the classrm.他的书包可能在教室里。
(4) shuld有时表示说话人的感情，如惊讶、愤怒、失望等。
Why shuld I g?为什么是我去?
(5)表示“竟然”。
It's strange that he shuld be late.真奇怪，他竟然会迟到。
(6)用在第一人称疑问句中，表示征求对方意见。
Shuld I help yu with the dinner?要不要我帮你做晚饭?
2.基本句式
肯定句 Sb. shuld+动词原形+其他
Maybe he shuld say srry. 也许他应该说对不起。
否定句 Sb.shuldn’t +动词原形+其他
Yu shuldn't smke in the hspital.你不应该在医院里吸烟。
一般疑问句 Shuld sb.+动词原形+其他?
Shuld yu cme here tnight? 今晚你应该来这里吗?
助记： 表示劝告与建议，也表义务与责任，第一人称问句中，征询意见要记清。
练习题：
1. If Tm___ the game, we'll give him a surprise. A win B. wins C wn D. winning
2. All f us will be happy____ yu can cme A. while B. if C. but D r
3. If Mr Green____ back, please let me knw A will cme B cmes C. cme D had cme
4. Well g t the park if it_____ tmrrw A wn't rain B dn't rain C. desn't rain D rain
5. Yu may answer it easily if yu____ anther questin. A. chse B chse C. will chse D are chsing
6. As a teenager, yu____ help yur parents d sme husewrk A shall B will C shuld D must
7.---I think everyne shuld play a part in saving ur envirnment. ---I agree. Fr example, there will be less air
pllutin_____ we drive less. A. if B s C. thugh
8. We____ fr a picnic if it ______rain this Sunday A will g; desn't B will g; wn’t C g; desn't
9.Our wrld will get better and better______ each f us lives a greener life A. befre B. if C. thugh D. until
10. Fr everyne's safety, we_____ always remember the law against driving after drinking
A. culd B. shuld C might D. wuld
五、知识点解析、拓展
1. She just kept thinking，“ If I tell my parents，they ’ll be angry!＂
她一直在想“如果我告诉我的父母，他们会生气的!”(教材77)
此处keep ding意思是“一直在做，持续在做”。
keep的具体用法如下：
(1)用作系动词，意为“保持(某种状态)”，其后常接形容词作表语。
Please keep quiet/ silent!请保持安静!
(2)用作实义动词，可表示:
①保管;保存;保留。
Please keep these things fr me while I am away 在我离开期间，请替我保管这些东西。
②饲养。
I used t keep sheep in my childhd 我在孩提时常常养羊。
③经营。
Her father kept a bkshp fr several years她父亲开了几年书店。
④坚持:继续。后面如接动词，要用ing形式作宾语。
If yu keep(n) practising yur spken English, yu ’ll sn make great prgress
如果你坚持练习英语口语，你很快就会取得很大的进步。
⑤阻止;阻碍。常用于 keep sb./sth. frm ding sth.结构中，其中介词frm不能省略。
The heavy rain didn't keep them frm watching the ftball match.大雨没能阻止他们观看足球赛。
⑥保持。其后常接复合宾语，表示使(某人或某物)保持某种状态或使某一动作继续。
常见句型如下:
keep +sb./sth.+介词短语
If yur hands are cld, keep them in yur pckets 如果你觉得手冷，就把它们放在口袋里。
keep+sb./sth.+形容词
These glves will keep yur hands warm这些手套保暖好。
keep+sb/sth+副词
The cld weather kept us indrs 寒冷的天气使我们待在室内。
keep+sb/sth.+ ding，表示“让某人/某物一直做……”，强调动作的持续性。
I'm srry I've kept yu waiting 很抱歉，让你久等了。
5） keep+sb/sth.+过去分词， 表示＂让某人/某物一直被……
The ther students in the class keep their eyes clsed 班上其他同学都闭着眼睛。
2.辨析 tur, trip, jurney 与travel
We tured the streets f Milan.我们游览了米兰的街道。
On Thursday we went ut n a day trip.星期四我们出去玩了一天
Life is a pleasant jurney.人生是一次偷快的旅行。
She’s traveling arund the whle wrld.她正在环游全世界。
六．单元习题
（一）1. ---What is yur favrite fd？ ---I like____ best. I had a large bwl last night.
A .ptat ndle B. ptates ndle C. ptat ndles D ptates ndles
2. Studying in grups is necessary_____ yu want t d well in schl. A if B until C unless D. thugh
3. If Bb___ away frm the junk fd, he will be in gd health A stay B will stay C stays
4. In rder t speak English better，we____ be afraid f lsing face. Because the mst imprtant thing is t practice. Remember, practice makes perfect. A. shuld B shuldn’t C. have t
5.My teacher asked me_____ the rm A. clean B. cleans C. t clean
6.Yur_____ is very helpful. I guess I'll take it A secret B. advice C prmise D purpse
7.Whenever Tm reads an interesting nvel, he can’t keep it t_____ and wants t share it with his classmates
A him B. he C. himself
8.---The nvel seems a little bring ---Yu wn’t enjy it_____ yu put yur heart int it
A. when B. if C. after D. unless
9.My sister is still very____ with me because I brke her new pencil bx yesterday.
A ppular B satisfied C hnest D. angry
10.My little brther is very____, s he ften makes mistakes A. careful B. careless C. care
11.---Why did Lucy lk unhappy? ---Because she was s careless that she made many spelling______ in her hmewrk A friends B. plans C decisins D. mistakes
12.用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成句子
“Be_______________ nt t tuch the paintings in the museum, "Mum said. (care)
13.---Mrs. Wang was sent t teach English in a pr muntain village last year. ---She said she wuld never frget sme pleasant_______ while wrking there A. experiments B. expressins C experiences D. emtins
14.If he____________ (g)t the party, he’ll have a gd time
15. Can yu give me sme________, please? A message B suggestin C advice
16. ---Excuse me. D yu knw_____? ---Srry, I dn't knw, either.
A, hw t check ut a bk B. when will the cncert begin
C that there is a bank near here D. hw lng the meeting wuld last
17.When yu are in yur schl dining hall during lunchtime, yu may feel lnely_____ yu can find smene t have lunch with A. if B unless C after D because
18. As lng as the whle f ur sciety_____ trying, we will make ur skies blue again. A keeps B will keep C kept
19.Evans had a sre thrat. His friend advised him____ sme ht water. A drinking B t drink C drink D drank
（二）1. Tina, if yu have the party tnight，____ wn't cme.
A half the class B half classes C. half f classes D. half f class
2. Yu wn't think f a gd idea_____ yu use yur head A. if B unless C. althugh D. while
3. Many students these days have lts f wrries, but they try t keep them t_____
A. them B themselves C. their D. they
4. Mm ften asks me_____ mre vegetables. A. eat B t eat C eating D ate
5. The little by is_____ yung _____ g t schl this year A. t: t B. t: t C. s: that D. t: t
6. ---Culd yu give us______ abut the party, Mr. Zhang? ---Sure. I’m glad t d that
A. sme advices B. a advice C. sme advice D. an advice
7. Yu shuld share yur prblems with yur parents because they have_______.
A much experiences B mre experience C. many experience D an experience
8.--- Culd yu please help me with my English? ---______. It's my pleasure
A. Nt sure B Sure nt C. Certainly D. Certainly nt
9. Her father tld her t be______ and nt t make_____ mistakes
A. careful; careless B. carefully; careful C. careful: careful D carefully; careless
10. ---Did Miss Li get______ when yu were late this mrning? --- N, she didn’t. She just asked me t arrive earlier next time A angry B ppular C. famus D. bred
根据句意及所给提示写出单词
1. They_________________ (组织) an English club last mnth
2. The by missed the interesting mvie. He felt very u__________
3. We will have a_________________ ( meet )n Friday.
4. Mr. Black__________________(travel) t many cuntries every year.
5. Can yu help me t find a way t s_______________ the prblem?
七．书面表达
某英语报社征集有关中学生怎样处理学习与爱好关系的文章，请你根据下面提示，写一篇英语短文。
提示：1.有些学生认为发展爱好，影响学习，父母担心;放弃爱好，整天学习，觉得厌倦;
2.你的看法及建议(至少补充三点)。
要求：1.用上所给要点，并适当发挥 2，行文流畅、正确，书写规范
3字.数90左右。开头已给出，但不计入总词数
Many students have their wn hbbies._______________________________________________
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参考答案：
四、1-10 BBBCA CAABB
六．（一）1. C 2. A 3.C 4.B 5C 6B 7C 8D 9D 10B
11D 12careful 13C 14 ges 15 C 16A 17B 18A 19B
（二）1-10ABBBA CBCAA
1-5rganized upset meeting travels slve
七、
Many students have their wn hbbies. Sme students think we shuldn’t have sme hbbies. Sme hbbies can affect yur grades. S parents wrry abut yur studies. If we give up the hbbies and study all day and night, we get bred.
I think we shuld have ur wn hbbies. Fr example, when we are tired, we can play basketball r listen t the music. Frm Mnday t Friday mst peple are busy wrking r studying, but in the evenings and n weekends they are free t relax and enjy themselves. Sme watch televisin r g t the mvies; thers participate in sprts. It depends n individual interests.
In a wrd, we shuld have sme hbbies. They can make us happy.
tur
指到各地观光、考察，中途有停留点，绕行后再回到原出发点的旅行，也用来指观光或商业旅行等。
trip
多指使用任何交通工具的一去一回的短途旅行或指旅行和访问总的情况，可意为“远足”。
jurney
一般指在陆地上进行的长途旅行，常表示所花的时间及所走的路程都相当长，而且有最终不一定要回到原出发地的含义，常蕴涵辛苦的意味。
travel
多指长期或长途的观光旅行，泛指一切陆上、水上或空中的旅行，尤指到国外的旅行，它无定向的目的地，有到各地游历的意味。它表示具体的旅行时常用复数形式。